第 36 节
作者:天净沙      更新:2022-05-01 22:41      字数:9322
  strangers。      He   was     zealous    and    active    in  endeavouring        to  procure
  subscriptions   for  it;  but the  proposal   being   a novelty  in America;  and   at
  first not well understood; he met with but small success。
  At length he came to me with the compliment that he found there was
  no   such   thing   as   carrying   a   public…spirited   project   through   without   my
  being concern'd in it。 〃For;〃 says he; 〃I am often ask'd by those to whom I
  propose   subscribing;   Have   you   consulted   Franklin   upon   this   business?
  And   what   does   he   think   of   it?   And   when   I   tell   them   that   I   have   not
  (supposing it rather out of your line); they do not subscribe; but say they
  will consider of it。〃 I enquired into the nature and probable utility of his
  scheme; and receiving from him a very satisfactory explanation; I not only
  subscrib'd   to   it   myself;   but   engag'd   heartily   in   the   design   of   procuring
  subscriptions       from    others。   Previously;     however;     to   the  solicitation;    I
  endeavoured to prepare the minds of the people by writing on the subject
  in the newspapers; which was my usual custom in such cases; but which
  he had omitted。
  The     subscriptions     afterwards     were    more     free  and    generous;     but;
  beginning       to  flag;   I  saw    they   would     be   insufficient     without    some
  assistance   from   the   Assembly;   and   therefore   propos'd   to   petition   for   it;
  which was done。 The country members did not at first relish the project;
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  they objected that it could only be serviceable to the city; and therefore the
  citizens alone should be at the expense of it; and they doubted whether the
  citizens themselves generally approv'd of it。 My allegation on the contrary;
  that it met with such approbation as to leave no doubt of our being able to
  raise  two   thousand pounds   by  voluntary  donations;  they  considered   as   a
  most extravagant supposition; and utterly impossible。
  On   this   I   form'd   my   plan;   and   asking   leave   to   bring   in   a   bill   for
  incorporating the contributors according to the prayer of their petition; and
  granting them a blank sum of money; which leave was obtained chiefly on
  the consideration that the House could throw  the bill out if they did not
  like it; I drew it so as to make the important clause a conditional one; viz。;
  〃And      be   it  enacted;    by   the   authority     aforesaid;    that   when     the   said
  contributors shall have met and chosen their managers and treasurer; and
  shall have raised by their contributions a capital stock of … value (the
  yearly interest of which is to be applied to the accommodating of the sick
  poor in the said hospital; free of charge for diet; attendance; advice; and
  medicines);   and   shall   make   the   same   appear   to   the   satisfaction   of   the
  speaker of the Assembly for the time being; that then it shall and may be
  lawful for the said speaker; and be is hereby required; to sign an order on
  the provincial treasurer for the payment of two thousand pounds; in two
  yearly payments; to the treasurer of the said hospital; to be applied to the
  founding; building; and finishing of the same。〃
  This   condition   carried   the   bill   through;   for   the   members;   who   had
  oppos'd the grant; and now conceiv'd they might have the credit of being
  charitable      without     the  expence;      agreed    to   its  passage;     and   then;   in
  soliciting     subscriptions      among      the   people;    we    urg'd    the   conditional
  promise   of   the   law   as   an   additional   motive   to   give;   since   every   man's
  donation      would     be   doubled;     thus   the   clause    work'd    both    ways。    The
  subscriptions accordingly soon exceeded the requisite sum; and we claim'd
  and   receiv'd   the   public   gift;   which   enabled   us   to   carry   the   design   into
  execution。   A   convenient   and   handsome   building   was   soon   erected;   the
  institution has by constant experience been found useful; and flourishes to
  this   day;   and   I   do   not   remember   any   of   my   political   manoeuvres;   the
  success   of   which   gave   me   at   the   time   more   pleasure;   or   wherein;   after
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  thinking of it; I more easily excus'd myself for having made some use of
  cunning。
  It was about this time that another projector; the Rev。 Gilbert Tennent;
  came      to  me    with   a  request    that   I  would     assist   him   in   procuring     a
  subscription for erecting a new meeting…house。 It was to he for the use of a
  congregation        he   had    gathered     among      the   Presbyterians;      who     were
  originally      disciples    of   Mr。    Whitefield。      Unwilling      to   make      myself
  disagreeable       to  my    fellow…citizens      by   too    frequently     soliciting   their
  contributions;   I   absolutely   refus'd。   He   then   desired   I   would   furnish   him
  with a list of the names of persons I knew by experience to be generous
  and   public…spirited。   I  thought   it   would   be   unbecoming   in   me;   after   their
  kind compliance with my solicitations; to mark them out to be worried by
  other beggars; and therefore refus'd also to give such a list。 He then desir'd
  I would at least give him my advice。 〃That I will readily do;〃 said I; 〃and;
  in the first place; I advise you to apply to all those whom you know will
  give something; next; to those whom you are uncertain whether they will
  give any thing or not; and show them the list of those who have given; and;
  lastly; do not neglect those who you are sure will give nothing; for in some
  of them  you   may be   mistaken。〃 He laugh'd and   thank'd me; and said   he
  would   take   my   advice。   He   did   so;   for   he   ask'd   of   everybody;   and   he
  obtained a much larger sum than he expected; with which he erected the
  capacious and very elegant meeting…house that stands in Arch…street。
  Our city; tho' laid out with a beautiful regularity; the streets large; strait;
  and crossing each other at right angles; had the disgrace of suffering those
  streets   to   remain   long   unpav'd;   and   in   wet   weather   the   wheels   of   heavy
  carriages plough'd them into a quagmire; so that it was difficult to cross
  them; and in dry weather the dust was offensive。 I had liv'd near what was
  call'd the Jersey Market; and saw with pain the inhabitants wading in mud
  while purchasing their provisions。 A strip of ground down the middle of
  that   market   was   at   length   pav'd   with   brick;   so   that;   being   once   in   the
  market; they had firm footing; but were often over shoes in dirt to get there。
  By   talking   and   writing   on   the   subject;   I   was   at   length   instrumental   in
  getting the street pav'd with stone between the market and the brick'd foot…
  pavement;   that   was   on   each   side   next   the   houses。   This;   for   some   time;
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  gave an easy access to the market dry…shod; but; the rest of the street not
  being pav'd; whenever a carriage came out of the mud upon this pavement;
  it shook   off   and   left   its dirt   upon   it;   and   it   was   soon   cover'd   with   mire;
  which was not remov'd; the city as yet having no scavengers。
  After some inquiry I found a poor industrious man; who was willing to
  undertake       keeping     the  pavement       clean;   by   sweeping      it  twice   a  week;
  carrying off the dirt from before all the neighbours' doors; for the sum of
  sixpence per month; to be paid by each house。 I then wrote and printed a
  paper   setting   forth   the   advantages   to   the   neighbourhood   that   might   be
  obtain'd   by   this   small   expense;   the   greater   ease   in   keeping   our   houses
  clean; so much dirt not being brought in by people's feet; the benefit to the
  shops by more custom; etc。; etc。; as buyers could more easily get at them;
  and by not having; in windy weather; the dust blown in upon their goods;
  etc。; etc。 I sent one of these papers to each house; and in a day or two went
  round to see who would subscribe an agreement to pay these sixpences; it
  was unanimously sign'd; and for a time well executed。 All the inhabitants
  of    the  city   were    delighted     with    the  cleanliness     of   the   pavement      that
  surrounded   the   market;   it   being   a   conve