第 35 节
作者:天净沙      更新:2022-05-01 22:41      字数:9314
  that sect。 The difficulty then was; how to avoid having two of some other
  sect; by means of the new choice。
  Several   persons   were   named;   and   for   that   reason   not   agreed   to。   At
  length one mention'd me; with the observation that I was merely an honest
  man;   and   of   no   sect   at   all;   which   prevail'd   with   them  to   chuse   me。   The
  enthusiasm which existed when the house was built had long since abated;
  and its trustees had not been able to procure fresh contributions for paying
  the    ground…rent;      and    discharging     some     other    debts    the  building     had
  occasion'd; which embarrass'd them greatly。 Being now a member of both
  setts   of trustees;   that   for the  building   and   that   for the Academy;   I  had   a
  good opportunity of negotiating with both; and brought them finally to an
  agreement; by which the trustees for the building were to cede it to those
  of the   academy;  the   latter undertaking   to discharge   the debt;   to   keep   for
  ever open in the building a large hall for occasional preachers; according
  to the original intention; and maintain a free… school for the instruction of
  poor children。 Writings were accordingly drawn; and on paying the debts
  the trustees of the academy were put in possession of the premises; and by
  dividing   the   great   and   lofty   hall   into   stories;   and   different   rooms   above
  and below for the several schools; and purchasing some additional ground;
  the   whole   was   soon   made   fit   for   our   purpose;   and   the   scholars   remov'd
  into   the   building。   The   care   and   trouble   of   agreeing   with   the   workmen;
  purchasing   materials;   and   superintending   the   work;   fell   upon   me;   and   I
  went   thro'   it   the   more   cheerfully;   as   it   did   not   then   interfere   with   my
  private business; having the year before taken a very able; industrious; and
  honest      partner;    Mr。    David     Hall;   with    whose      character     I  was    well
  acquainted; as he had work'd for me four years。 He took off my hands all
  110
  … Page 111…
  THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
  care of the printing…office; paying me punctually my share of the profits。
  This partnership continued eighteen years; successfully for us both。
  The   trustees   of   the   academy;   after   a   while;   were   incorporated   by   a
  charter from the governor; their funds were increas'd by contributions in
  Britain and grants of land from the proprietaries; to which the Assembly
  has since made considerable addition; and thus was established the present
  University of Philadelphia。 I have been continued one of its trustees from
  the beginning; now near forty years; and have had the very great pleasure
  of seeing a number of the youth who have receiv'd their education in it;
  distinguish'd by their improv'd abilities; serviceable in public stations and
  ornaments to their country。
  When I disengaged myself; as above mentioned; from private business;
  I flatter'd myself that; by the sufficient tho' moderate fortune I had acquir'd;
  I had secured leisure during the rest of my life for philosophical studies
  and   amusements。   I   purchased   all   Dr。   Spence's   apparatus;   who   had   come
  from England to lecture here; and I proceeded in my electrical experiments
  with   great   alacrity;   but   the   publick;   now   considering   me   as   a   man   of
  leisure;    laid   hold   of   me   for   their  purposes;     every    part   of  our   civil
  government; and almost at the same time; imposing some duty upon me。
  The governor put me into the commission of the peace; the corporation of
  the city chose me of the common council; and soon after an alderman; and
  the   citizens   at   large   chose   me   a   burgess   to   represent   them  in Assembly。
  This latter station was the more agreeable to me; as I was at length tired
  with sitting there to hear debates; in which; as clerk; I could take no part;
  and which were often so unentertaining that I was induc'd to amuse myself
  with making magic squares or circles; or any thing to avoid weariness; and
  I   conceiv'd   my   becoming   a   member   would   enlarge   my   power   of   doing
  good。 I would not; however; insinuate that my ambition was not flatter'd
  by    all  these    promotions;      it  certainly   was;    for;  considering      my    low
  beginning; they were great things to me; and they were still more pleasing;
  as being so many spontaneous testimonies of the public good opinion; and
  by me entirely unsolicited。
  The   office   of   justice   of   the   peace   I   try'd   a   little;   by   attending   a   few
  courts;   and   sitting   on   the   bench   to   hear   causes;   but   finding   that   more
  111
  … Page 112…
  THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
  knowledge   of   the   common   law   than   I   possess'd   was   necessary  to   act   in
  that station with credit; I gradually withdrew from it; excusing myself by
  my being oblig'd to attend the higher duties of a legislator in the Assembly。
  My election to this trust was repeated every year for ten years; without my
  ever    asking    any   elector   for  his   vote;   or  signifying;    either   directly   or
  indirectly; any desire of being chosen。 On taking my seat in the House; my
  son was appointed their clerk。
  The   year   following;   a   treaty   being    to   be   held   with   the   Indians  at
  Carlisle;   the   governor   sent   a   message   to   the   House;   proposing   that   they
  should nominate some of their members; to be join'd with some members
  of council; as commissioners for that purpose。 The House named the
  speaker   (Mr。   Norris)   and   myself;   and;   being   commission'd;   we   went   to
  Carlisle; and met the Indians accordingly。
  See the votes to have this more correctly。 'Marg。 note。'
  As those people are extreamly apt to get drunk; and; when so; are very
  quarrelsome   and   disorderly;   we   strictly   forbad   the   selling   any   liquor   to
  them;   and   when   they  complain'd of   this   restriction;   we  told   them  that   if
  they would continue sober during the treaty; we would give them plenty of
  rum   when   business   was   over。   They   promis'd   this;   and   they   kept   their
  promise; because they could get no liquor; and the treaty was conducted
  very orderly; and concluded to mutual satisfaction。 They then claim'd and
  receiv'd   the   rum;   this   was   in the   afternoon;   they  were   near   one hundred
  men; women; and children; and were lodg'd in temporary cabins; built in
  the form of a square; just without the town。 In the evening; hearing a great
  noise   among   them;   the   commissioners   walk'd   out   to   see   what   was   the
  matter。 We found they had made a great bonfire in the middle of the square;
  they were all drunk; men and women; quarreling and fighting。 Their dark…
  colour'd bodies; half naked; seen only by the gloomy light of the bonfire;
  running   after   and   beating   one   another   with   firebrands;   accompanied   by
  their horrid yellings; form'd a scene the most resembling our ideas of hell
  that   could   well   be   imagin'd; there   was   no   appeasing   the   tumult;   and   we
  retired to our lodging。 At midnight a number of them came thundering at
  our door; demanding more rum; of which we took no notice。
  The     next   day;   sensible     they   had    misbehav'd      in   giving    us   that
  112
  … Page 113…
  THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
  disturbance; they sent three of their old counselors to make their apology。
  The   orator   acknowledg'd   the   fault;   but   laid   it   upon   the   rum;   and   then
  endeavored to excuse the rum by saying; 〃The Great Spirit; who made all
  things; made every thing for some use; and whatever use he design'd any
  thing for; that use it should always be put to。 Now; when he made rum; he
  said 'Let this be for the Indians to get drunk with;' and it must be so。〃 And;
  indeed; if it be the design of Providence to extirpate these savages in order
  to make room for cultivators of the earth; it seems not improbable that rum
  may be the appointed means。 It has already annihilated all the tribes who
  formerly inhabited the sea…coast。
  In 1751; Dr。 Thomas Bond; a particular friend of mine; conceived the
  idea of   establishing a  hospital in Philadelphia  (a very  beneficent   design;
  which has been ascrib'd to me; but was originally his); for the reception
  and   cure   of   poor   sick   persons;   whether   inhabitants   of   the   province   or
  strangers。      He   w