第 3 节
作者:天净沙      更新:2022-05-01 22:41      字数:9322
  child   but   two;   and   was   born   in   Boston;   New   England。   My   mother;   the
  second wife; was Abiah Folger; daughter of Peter Folger; one of the first
  settlers of New England; of whom honorable mention is made by Cotton
  Mather   in   his   church   history   of   that   country;   entitled   Magnalia   Christi
  Americana;   as   'a   godly;   learned   Englishman;〃   if   I   remember   the   words
  rightly。 I have heard that he wrote sundry small occasional pieces; but only
  one   of   them   was   printed;   which   I   saw   now   many   years   since。   It   was
  written   in   1675;   in   the   home…spun   verse   of   that   time   and   people;   and
  addressed to those then concerned in the government there。 It was in favor
  of liberty of conscience; and in behalf of the Baptists; Quakers; and other
  sectaries that had been under persecution; ascribing the Indian wars; and
  other   distresses   that   had   befallen   the   country;   to   that   persecution;   as   so
  many judgments of God to punish so heinous an offense; and exhorting a
  repeal   of   those   uncharitable   laws。   The   whole   appeared   to   me   as   written
  with     a  good     deal   of   decent    plainness     and    manly     freedom。     The    six
  concluding lines I remember; though I have forgotten the two first of the
  stanza;   but   the   purport   of   them   was;   that   his   censures   proceeded   from
  good…will; and; therefore; he would be known to be the author。
  〃Because   to   be   a   libeller   (says   he)   I   hate   it   with   my   heart;   From
  Sherburne   town;   where   now   I   dwell   My   name   I   do   put   here;   Without
  offense your real friend; It is Peter Folgier。〃
  My elder brothers were all put apprentices to different trades。 I was put
  to the grammar…school at eight years of age; my father intending to devote
  me;    as   the  tithe   of  his   sons;   to  the   service   of   the  Church。     My    early
  readiness in learning to read (which must have been very early; as I do not
  remember when I could not read); and the opinion of all his friends; that I
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  should certainly make a good scholar; encouraged him in this purpose of
  his。 My uncle Benjamin; too; approved of it; and proposed to give me all
  his short…hand volumes of sermons; I suppose as a stock to set up with; if I
  would learn his character。 I continued; however; at the grammar…school not
  quite one year; though in that time I had risen gradually from the middle of
  the class of that year to be the head of it; and farther was removed into the
  next class above it; in order to go with that into the third at the end of the
  year。   But   my   father;   in   the   meantime;   from   a   view   of   the   expense   of   a
  college education; which having so large a family he could not well afford;
  and   the   mean   living   many   so   educated   were   afterwards   able   to   obtain
  reasons that be gave to his friends in my hearingaltered his first intention;
  took me from the grammar…school; and sent me to a school for writing and
  arithmetic;     kept   by   a  then    famous    man;    Mr。   George     Brownell;     very
  successful      in  his  profession     generally;   and   that   by  mild;    encouraging
  methods。 Under him I acquired fair writing pretty soon; but I failed in the
  arithmetic; and made no progress in it。 At ten years old I was taken home
  to assist my father in his business; which was that of a tallow…chandler and
  sope…boiler; a business he was not bred to; but had assumed on his arrival
  in New  England;  and   on finding   his   dying   trade would not   maintain   his
  family; being in little request。 Accordingly; I was employed in cutting wick
  for the  candles; filling  the dipping   mold   and the  molds for  cast   candles;
  attending the shop; going of errands; etc。
  I   disliked   the   trade;   and   had   a strong inclination   for   the sea;   but   my
  father declared against it; however; living near the water; I was much in
  and about it; learnt early to swim well; and to manage boats; and when in a
  boat    or  canoe    with   other   boys;    I  was   commonly       allowed    to  govern;
  especially     in  any   case   of   difficulty;   and   upon    other   occasions    I  was
  generally a leader among the boys; and sometimes led them into scrapes;
  of   which   I   will   mention   one   instance;   as   it   shows   an   early   projecting
  public spirit; tho' not then justly conducted。
  There was a salt…marsh that bounded part of the mill…pond; on the edge
  of which; at high water; we used to stand to fish for minnows。 By much
  trampling; we had made it a mere quagmire。 My proposal was to build a
  wharff there fit for us to stand upon; and I showed my comrades a large
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  heap of stones; which were intended for a new house near the marsh; and
  which   would   very   well   suit   our   purpose。   Accordingly;   in   the   evening;
  when the workmen were gone; I assembled a number of my play…fellows;
  and working with them diligently like so many emmets; sometimes two or
  three to a stone; we brought them all away and built our little wharff。 The
  next   morning   the   workmen   were   surprised   at   missing   the   stones;   which
  were found in our wharff。 Inquiry was made after the removers; we were
  discovered and complained of; several of us were corrected by our fathers;
  and though I pleaded the usefulness of the work; mine convinced me that
  nothing was useful which was not honest。
  I think you may like to know something of his person and character。
  He had an excellent constitution of body; was of middle stature; but well
  set; and very strong; he was ingenious; could draw prettily; was skilled a
  little   in   music;   and   had   a   clear   pleasing   voice;   so   that   when   he   played
  psalm   tunes   on   his   violin   and   sung   withal;   as   he   sometimesdid   in   an
  evening after the business of the day was over; it was extremely agreeable
  to hear。 He had a mechanical genius too; and; on occasion; was very handy
  in   the   use   of   other   tradesmen's   tools;   but   his   great   excellence   lay   in   a
  sound   understanding   and   solid   judgment   in   prudential   matters;   both   in
  private and publick affairs。 In the latter; indeed; he was never employed;
  the    numerous       family    he    had    to  educate     and    the   straitness    of   his
  circumstances   keeping   him   close   to   his   trade;   but   I   remember   well   his
  being   frequently   visited   by   leading   people;   who   consulted   him   for   his
  opinion in affairs of the town or of the church he belonged to; and showed
  a   good   deal   of   respect   for   his   judgment   and   advice:   he   was   also   much
  consulted      by   private    persons     about    their   affairs   when     any   difficulty
  occurred; and frequently chosen an arbitrator between contending parties。
  At his table he liked to have; as often as he could; some sensible friend
  or neighbor to converse with; and always took care to start some ingenious
  or useful topic for discourse; which might tend to improve the minds of his
  children。 By this means he turned our attention to what was good; just; and
  prudent   in   the   conduct   of   life;   and   little   or   no   notice   was   ever   taken   of
  what related to the victuals on the table; whether it was well or ill dressed;
  in or out of season; of good or bad flavor; preferable or inferior to this or
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  that   other   thing   of   the   kind;   so   that   I   was   bro't   up   in   such   a   perfect
  inattention   to   those   matters   as   to   be   quite   indifferent   what   kind   of   food
  was set before me; and so unobservant of it; that to this day if I am asked I
  can scarce tell a few hours after dinner what I dined upon。 This has been a
  convenience        to  me    in  travelling;    where    my    companions       have    been
  sometimes very unhappy for want of a suitable gratification of their more
  delicate; because better instructed; tastes and appetites。
  My mother had likewise an excellent constitution: she suckled all her
  ten children。 I never knew either my father or mother to have any sickness
  but that of which they dy'd; he at 89; and she at 85 years of age。 They lie
  buried together at Boston; where I some years since placed a marble over
  their grave; with this inscription:
  JOSIAH FRANKLIN; and ABIAH his W