第 14 节
作者:淋雨      更新:2021-12-07 09:32      字数:9322
  of the cane) the only objection made to his proceedings takes the shape of
  clamorous demands that _he_ should be caned instead of being allowed to
  cane other people。
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  A TREATISE ON PARENTS AND CHILDREN
  The Sin of Athanasius
  It   seems   hopeless。      Anarchists   are   tempted   to   preach   a   violent   and
  implacable resistance to all law as the only remedy; and the result of that
  speedily  is   that people  welcome  any  tyranny  that   will   rescue them  from
  chaos。      But    there    is  really   no   need    to  choose     between     anarchy     and
  tyranny。      A quite reasonable state of things is practicable if we proceed on
  human assumptions and not on academic ones。                     If adults will frankly give
  up their claim to know better than children what the purposes of the Life
  Force     are;   and   treat  the   child   as   an   experiment      like  themselves;      and
  possibly   a   more   successful   one;   and   at   the   same   time   relinquish   their
  monstrous parental claims to personal private property in children; the rest
  must   be   left   to   common   sense。       It   is   our   attitude;   our   religion;   that   is
  wrong。       A  good   beginning   might   be   made   by   enacting   that   any   person
  dictating a piece of conduct to a child or to anyone else as the will of God;
  or as absolutely right; should be dealt with as a blasphemer:                      as; indeed;
  guilty   of   the   unpardonable   sin   against   the   Holy   Ghost。        If   the   penalty
  were   death;   it   would     rid   us   at  once   of   that   scourge   of   humanity;     the
  amateur   Pope。 As   an   Irish   Protestant;   I   raise   the   cry  of   No   Popery   with
  hereditary      zest。     We     are   overrun      with    Popes。      From      curates    and
  governesses; who may claim a sort of professional standing; to parents and
  uncles   and     nurserymaids   and       school   teachers      and   wiseacres     generally;
  there    are   scores    of  thousands      of   human     insects    groping     through    our
  darkness by the feeble phosphorescence of their own tails; yet ready at a
  moment's   notice   to   reveal   the   will   of   God   on   every   possible   subject;   to
  explain how and why the universe was made (in my youth they added the
  exact date) and the circumstances under which it will cease to exist; to lay
  down precise rules of right and wrong conduct; to discriminate infallibly
  between   virtuous   and   vicious   character;   and   all   this   with   such   certainty
  that they are prepared to visit all the rigors of the law; and all the ruinous
  penalties   of   social   ostracism   on   people;   however   harmless   their   actions
  maybe   who   venture   to   laugh   at   their   monstrous   conceit   or   to   pay   their
  assumptions        the   extravagant      compliment       of   criticizing    them。     As    to
  children;   who   shall   say   what   canings   and   birchings   and   terrifyings   and
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  threats     of   hell   fire   and    impositions      and     humiliations      and    petty
  imprisonings and sendings to bed and standing in corners and the like they
  have     suffered   because     their  parents    and   guardians    and   teachers    knew
  everything so much better than Socrates or Solon?
  It   is   this   ignorant   uppishness   that   does   the  mischief。 A  stranger   on
  the planet might expect that its grotesque absurdity would provoke enough
  ridicule to cure it; but unfortunately quite the contrary happens。                  Just as
  our ill health delivers us into the hands of medical quacks and creates a
  passionate      demand     for   impudent     pretences     that  doctors    can   cure   the
  diseases they  themselves die of   daily;  so our ignorance   and   helplessness
  set us clamoring for spiritual and moral quacks who pretend that they can
  save our souls from their own damnation。                If a doctor were to say to his
  patients;   〃I   am  familiar   with   your   symptoms;   because   I   have   seen   other
  people   in   your   condition;   and   I   will   bring   the   very   little   knowledge   we
  have to your treatment; but except in that very shallow sense I dont know
  what is the matter with you; and I cant undertake to cure you;〃 he would
  be   a   lost   man   professionally;   and   if   a   clergyman;   on   being   called   on   to
  award a prize for good conduct in the village school; were to say; 〃I am
  afraid I cannot say who is the best…behaved child; because I really do not
  know what good conduct is; but I will gladly take the teacher's word as to
  which     child   has   caused     least  inconvenience;〃       he   would    probably     be
  unfrocked; if not excommunicated。              And yet no honest and intellectually
  capable doctor or parson can say more。               Clearly it would not be wise of
  the doctor to say it; because optimistic lies have such immense therapeutic
  value   that   a   doctor   who   cannot   tell   them  convincingly   has   mistaken   his
  profession。      And a clergyman who is not prepared to lay down the   law
  dogmatically       will  not   be   of  much    use   in  a  village   school;    though    it
  behoves him all the more to be very careful what law he lays down。                      But
  unless both the clergyman and the doctor are in the attitude expressed by
  these speeches they are not fit for their work。            The man who believes that
  he has more than a provisional hypothesis to go upon is a born fool。                     He
  may have to act vigorously on it。            The world has no use for the Agnostic
  who   wont   believe   anything   because   anything   might   be   false;   and   wont
  deny     anything    because     anything    might    be  true。   But    there   is  a  wide
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  difference between saying; 〃I believe this; and I am going to act on it;〃 or;
  〃I dont believe it; and I wont act on it;〃 and saying; 〃It is true; and it is my
  duty and yours to act on it;〃 or; 〃It is false; and it is my duty and yours to
  refuse    to  act  on   it。〃  The    difference    is  as  great  as   that  between     the
  Apostles'     Creed     and   the   Athanasian     Creed。     When       you   repeat    the
  Apostles' Creed you affirm that you believe certain things。 There you are
  clearly within your rights。         When you repeat the Athanasian Creed; you
  affirm that certain things are so; and that anybody who doubts that they are
  so cannot be saved。        And this is simply a piece of impudence on your part;
  as you know nothing about it except that as good men as you have never
  heard of your creed。        The apostolic attitude is a desire to convert others to
  our beliefs for the sake of sympathy and light:             the Athanasian attitude is
  a desire to murder people who dont agree with us。                 I am sufficient of an
  Athanasian to advocate a law for the speedy execution of all Athanasians;
  because they violate the fundamental proposition of my creed; which is; I
  repeat;   that   all   living   creatures   are   experiments。 The   precise   formula   for
  the Superman; _ci…devant_ The Just Man Made Perfect; has not yet been
  discovered。      Until it is; every birth is an experiment in the Great Research
  which is being conducted by the Life Force to discover that formula。
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  The Experiment Experimenting
  And     now    all  the   modern     schoolmaster      abortionists     will  rise   up
  beaming; and say; 〃We quite agree。             We regard every child in our school
  as   a   subject   for   experiment。   We   are   always   experimenting   with   them。
  We challenge the experimental test for   our system。                We are   continually
  guided by our experience in our great work of moulding the character of
  our future citizens; etc。 etc。 etc。〃       I am sorry to seem irreconcilable; but it
  is the Life Force that has to make the experiment and not the schoolmaster;
  and   the   Life   Force   for   the   child's   purpose   is   in   the   child   and   not   in   the
  schoolmaster。       The schoolmaster is another experiment; and a laboratory
  in which all the experiments began experimenting on one another would
  not     produce     intelligible    results。     I   admit;    ho