第 26 节
作者:北方网      更新:2021-02-24 22:10      字数:9322
  and   cupidities   into   blazing   vehemence。   He   zealously   consented;   and   at
  once; with his whole strength; embarked in the adventure。 Fitted out two
  hundred   ships;   and   the   biggest   army   he   could   carry   in   them;   and   sailed
  with Tosti towards the dangerous Promised Land。 Got into the Tyne and
  took booty; got into the Humber; thence into the Ouse; easily subdued any
  opposition       the    official    people     or   their    populations      could     make;
  victoriously  scattered   these;  victoriously  took the  City  of York   in   a day;
  and   even   got   himself   homaged   there;   〃King of   Northumberland;〃   as   per
  covenant;Tosti proving honorable;Tosti and he going with faithful strict
  copartnery;   and   all   things   looking   prosperous   and   glorious。   Except   only
  (an important exception!) that they learnt for certain; English Harold was
  advancing   with   all   his   strength;   and;   in   a   measurable   space   of   hours;
  unless     care   were   taken;    would    be   in  York    himself。    Harald    and   Tosti
  hastened off to seize the post of Stamford Bridge on Derwent River; six or
  seven miles east of York City; and there bar this dangerous advent。 Their
  own ships lay not far off in Ouse River; in case of the worst。 The battle
  that   ensued   the   next   day;   September   20;   1066;   is   forever   memorable   in
  English history。
  Snorro gives vividly enough his view of it from the Icelandic side: A
  ring   of   stalwart   Norsemen;   close   ranked;   with   their   steel   tools   in   hand;
  English Harold's Army; mostly cavalry; prancing and pricking all around;
  trying to find or make some opening in that ring。 For a long time trying in
  vain; till at length; getting them enticed to burst out somewhere in pursuit;
  they quickly turned round; and quickly made an end; of that matter。 Snorro
  represents English Harold; with a first party of these horse coming up; and;
  with preliminary salutations; asking if Tosti were there; and if Harald were;
  making   generous   proposals   to   Tosti;   but;   in   regard   to   Harald   and   what
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  share of England was to be his; answering Tosti with the words; 〃Seven
  feet of English earth; or more if he require it; for a grave。〃 Upon which
  Tosti; like an honorable man and copartner; said; 〃No; never; let us fight
  you rather till we all die。〃 〃Who is this that spoke to you?〃 inquired Harald;
  when   the   cavaliers   had   withdrawn。   〃My  brother   Harold;〃   answers   Tosti;
  which   looks   rather   like   a   Saga;   but   may   be   historical   after   all。   Snorro's
  history of the battle is intelligible only after you have premised to it; what
  he never hints at; that the scene was on the east side of the bridge and of
  the Derwent; the great struggle for the bridge; one at last finds; was after
  the fall of Harald; and to the English Chroniclers; said struggle; which was
  abundantly severe; is all they know of the battle。
  Enraged   at   that   breaking   loose   of   his   steel   ring   of   infantry;   Norse
  Harald blazed up into true Norse fury; all the old Vaeringer and Berserkir
  rage awakening in him; sprang forth into the front of the fight; and mauled
  and   cut   and   smashed   down;   on   both   hands   of   him;   everything   he   met;
  irresistible    by   any    horse   or   man;    till  an  arrow    cut   him    through    the
  windpipe; and laid him low forever。 That was the end of King Harald and
  of his workings in this world。 The circumstance that he was a Waring or
  Baring and had smitten to pieces so many Oriental cohorts or crowds; and
  had made love…verses (kind of iron madrigals) to his Russian Princess; and
  caught   the   fancy   of   questionable   Greek   queens;   and   had   amassed   such
  heaps   of   money;      while   poor   nephew   Magnus   had   only   one   gold          ring
  (which   had   been   his   father's;   and   even   his   father's   _mother's_;   as   Uncle
  Harald   noticed);   and   nothing   more   whatever   of   that   precious   metal   to
  combine with Harald's treasures:all this is new to me; naturally no hint of
  it in any English book; and lends some gleam of romantic splendor to that
  dim business   of   Stamford   Bridge; now  fallen so dull   and   torpid to   most
  English minds; transcendently important as it once was to all Englishmen。
  Adam       of  Bremen      says;   the   English    got   as  much     gold    plunder    from
  Harald's     people    as   was    a  heavy    burden     for  twelve    men;'18'      a  thing
  evidently      impossible;     which    nobody   need      try  to  believe。    Young     Olaf;
  Harald's son; age about sixteen; steering down the Ouse at the top of his
  speed;     escaped    home     to  Norway   with      all  his   ships;   and   subsequently
  reigned there with Magnus; his brother。  Harald's body did lie in   English
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  earth   for   about   a   year;   but   was   then   brought   to   Norway   for   burial。   He
  needed      more    than   seven    feet   of  grave;    say   some;    Laing;    interpreting
  Snorro's   measurements;   makes   Harald   eight   feet   in   stature;I   do   hope;
  with some error in excess!
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  CHAPTER XII。
  OLAF THE TRANQUIL; MAGNUS BAREFOOT; AND SIGURD
  THE CRUSADER。
  The new King Olaf; his brother Magnus having soon died; bore rule in
  Norway for some five…and…twenty years。 Rule soft and gentle; not like his
  father's;   and   inclining   rather   to   improvement   in   the   arts   and   elegancies
  than    to  anything    severe   or   dangerously   laborious。   A   slim…built;    witty…
  talking; popular and pretty  man; with uncommonly bright eyes; and hair
  like floss silk: they called him Olaf _Kyrre_ (the Tranquil or Easygoing)。
  The   ceremonials   of   the   palace   were   much   improved   by   him。   Palace
  still continued to be built of huge logs pyramidally sloping upwards; with
  fireplace in the middle of the floor; and no egress for smoke or ingress for
  light except right overhead; which; in bad weather; you could shut; or all
  but   shut;   with   a  lid。  Lid  originally   made    of  mere    opaque    board;   but
  changed latterly into a light frame; covered (_glazed_; so to speak) with
  entrails of animals; clarified into something of pellucidity。 All this Olaf; I
  hope;   further   perfected;   as   he   did   the   placing   of   the   court   ladies;   court
  officials; and   the like; but   I doubt if the luxury  of a   glass   window  were
  ever known to him; or a cup to drink from that was not made of metal or
  horn。 In fact it is chiefly for his son's sake I mention him here; and with
  the son; too; I have little real concern; but only a kind of fantastic。
  This son bears the name of Magnus _Barfod_ (Barefoot; or Bareleg);
  and if you ask why so; the answer is: He was used to appear in the streets
  of Nidaros (Trondhjem) now and then in complete Scotch Highland dress。
  Authentic      tartan  plaid   and   philibeg;   at  that  epoch;to    the  wonder    of
  Trondhjem and us! The truth is; he had a mighty fancy for those Hebrides
  and    other   Scotch    possessions     of  his;  and   seeing   England     now    quite
  impossible; eagerly speculated on some conquest in Ireland as next best。
  He did; in fact; go diligently voyaging and inspecting among those Orkney
  and Hebridian Isles; putting everything straight there; appointing stringent
  authorities; jarls;nay; a king; 〃Kingdom of the Suderoer〃 (Southern Isles;
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  now   called   _Sodor_);and;   as   first   king;   Sigurd;   his   pretty   little   boy   of
  nine years。 All which done; and some quarrel with Sweden fought out; he
  seriously   applied   himself   to   visiting     in   a   still   more   emphatic   manner;
  namely;   to   invading;   with   his   best   skill   and   strength;   the   considerable
  virtual or actual kingdom he had in Ireland; intending fully to enlarge it to
  the utmost limits of the Island if possible。 He got prosperously into Dublin
  (guess   A。D。   1102)。   Considerable   authority   he   already   had;   even   among
  those poor Irish Kings; or kinglets; in their glibs and yellow…saffron gowns;
  still  more;    I  suppose;    among     the  numerous      Norse    Principal