第 7 节
作者:你妹找1      更新:2021-02-21 11:56      字数:9319
  meanings   of   nazoraeru;   according   to   dictionaries;   are   〃to          imitate;〃   〃to
  compare;〃       〃to   liken;〃    but   the   esoteric    meaning      is   to  substitute;    in
  imagination; one  object or   action for  another; so   as to   bring about   some
  magical or miraculous result。
  For example: you cannot afford to build a Buddhist temple; but you
  can   easily   lay   a   pebble   before   the   image   of   the   Buddha;   with   the   same
  pious   feeling   that   would   prompt   you   to   build   a   temple   if   you   were   rich
  enough to build one。 The merit of so offering the pebble becomes equal; or
  almost equal; to the merit of erecting a temple。。。 You cannot read the six
  thousand seven hundred and seventy…one volumes of the Buddhist texts;
  but   you   can   make   a   revolving   library;   containing   them;   turn   round;   by
  pushing it like a windlass。 and if you push with an earnest wish that you
  could read the six thousand seven hundred and seventy…one volumes; you
  will acquire the same merit has the reading of them would enable you to
  gain。。。 So much will perhaps suffice to explain the religious meanings of
  nazoraeru。
  The   magical   meanings   could   not   all   be   explained   without   a   great
  variety of examples; but; for present purposes; the following will serve。 If
  you   should   make   a   little   man   of   straw;   for   the   same   reason   that   Sister
  Helen made a little man of wax; and nail it; with nails not less than five
  inches long; to some tree in a temple…grove at the Hour of the Ox (2);
  and    if  the   person;    imaginatively   represented        by   that   little  straw   man;
  should      die   thereafter    in  atrocious     agony;    that   would     illustrate   one
  signification   of   nazoraeru。。。   Or;   let   us   suppose   that   a   robber  has   entered
  your house during the night; and carried away your valuables。 If you can
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  discover the   footprints of   that   robber in   your   garden;  and then promptly
  burn a very large moxa on each of them; the soles of the feet of the robber
  will become inflamed; and will allow him no rest until he returns; of his
  own accord; to put himself at your mercy。 That is another kind of mimetic
  magic expressed by the term nazoraeru。 And a third kind is illustrated by
  various legends of the Mugen…Kane。
  After the bell had been rolled into the swamp; there was; of course; no
  more   chance   of   ringing   it   in   such   wise   as   to   break   it。   But   persons   who
  regretted     this   loss   of   opportunity     would     strike   and    break    objects
  imaginatively substituted for the bell; thus hoping to please the spirit of
  the   owner   of   the   mirror   that   had   made   so   much   trouble。   One   of   these
  persons was a woman called Umegae; famed in Japanese legend because
  of her relation to Kajiwara Kagesue; a warrior of the Heike clan。 While the
  pair   were   traveling   together;   Kajiwara   one   day   found   himself   in   great
  straits for want of money; and Umegae; remembering the tradition of the
  Bell of Mugen; took a basin of bronze; and; mentally representing it to be
  the bell; beat upon it until she broke it; crying out; at the same time; for
  three   hundred   pieces   of   gold。   A   guest   of   the   inn   where   the   pair   were
  stopping made inquiry as to the cause of the banging and the crying; and;
  on learning the story of the trouble; actually presented Umegae with three
  hundred   ryo   (3)   in   gold。   Afterwards   a   song   was   made   about   Umegae's
  basin of bronze; and that song is sung by dancing girls even to this day:
  Umegae no chozubachi tataite O…kane ga deru naraba Mina San mi…
  uke wo Sore tanomimasu
  '〃If;   by   striking   upon    the  wash…basin      of  Umegae;      I  could   make
  honorable money come to me; then would I negotiate for the freedom of
  all my girl…comrades。〃'
  After this happening; the fame of the Mugen…Kane became great; and
  many      people    followed    the   example     of  Umegae;      thereby    hoping    to
  emulate her luck。 Among these folk was a dissolute farmer who lived near
  Mugenyama; on t he bank of the Oigawa。 Having wasted his substance in
  riotous living; this farmer made for himself; out of the mud in his garden;
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  a clay…model of the Mugen…Kane; and he beat the clay…bell; and broke it;
  crying out the while for great wealth。
  〃Then; out of the ground before him; rose up the figure of a white…
  robed woman; with long loose…flowing hair; holding a covered jar。 And the
  woman said: 〃I have come to answer your fervent prayer as it deserves to
  be answered。 Take; therefore; this jar。〃 So saying; she put the jar into his
  hands; and disappeared。
  Into his house the happy man rushed; to tell his wife the good news。
  He set down in front of her the covered jar; which was heavy; and they
  opened it together。 And they found that it was filled; up to the very brim;
  with。。。
  But no!  I really cannot tell you with what it was filled。
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  JIKININKI
  Once; when Muso Kokushi; a priest of the Zen sect; was journeying
  alone   through   the   province   of   Mino   (1);  he   lost   his   way  in   a   mountain…
  district    where     there   was    nobody     to  direct    him。   For   a   long   time    he
  wandered   about   helplessly;   and   he   was   beginning   to   despair   of   finding
  shelter for the night; when he perceived; on the top of a hill lighted by the
  last rays of the sun; one of those little hermitages; called anjitsu; which are
  built   for   solitary   priests。   It   seemed   to   be   in   ruinous   condition;   but   he
  hastened to it eagerly; and found that it was inhabited by an aged priest;
  from   whom   he   begged   the   favor   of   a   night's   lodging。   This   the   old   man
  harshly   refused;   but   he   directed   Muso   to   a   certain   hamlet;   in   the   valley
  adjoining where lodging and food could be obtained。
  Muso   found   his   way   to   the   hamlet;   which   consisted   of   less   than   a
  dozen   farm…cottages;   and   he   was   kindly   received   at   the   dwelling   of   the
  headman。 Forty or fifty persons were assembled in the principal apartment;
  at the moment of Muso's arrival; but he was shown into a small separate
  room; where he was promptly supplied with food and bedding。 Being very
  tired; he lay down to rest at an early hour; but a little before midnight he
  was roused from sleep by a sound of loud weeping in the next apartment。
  Presently the sliding…screens were gently pushed apart; and a young man;
  carrying a lighted lantern; entered the room; respectfully saluted him; and
  said:
  〃Reverend   Sir;   it   is   my   painful   duty   to   tell   you   that   I   am   now   the
  responsible head of this   house。 Yesterday I was   only the eldest son。  But
  when you came here; tired as you were; we did not wish that you should
  feel embarrassed in any way: therefore we did not tell you that father had
  died only a few hours before。 The people whom you saw in the next room
  are the inhabitants of this village: they all assembled here to pay their last
  respects to the dead; and now they are going to another village; about three
  miles   off;   for   by   our   custom;   no   one   of   us   may   remain   in   this   village
  during     the   night   after   a  death   has   taken    place。   We    make     the   proper
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  offerings     and   prayers;      then   we    go   away;    leaving    the  corpse    alone。
  Strange things always happen in the house where a corpse has thus been
  left: so we think that it will be better for you to come away with us。 We
  can find you good lodging in the other village。 But perhaps; as you are a
  priest; you have no fear of demons or evil spirits; and; if you are not afraid
  of being left alone with the body; you will be very welcome to the use of
  this   poor   house。   However;   I   must   tell   you   that   nobody;   except   a   priest;
  would dare to remain here tonight。〃
  Muso made answer:
  〃For your kind intention and your generous hospitality and am deeply
  grateful。   But   I   am   sorry   that   you   did   not   tell