第 21 节
作者:天净沙      更新:2022-05-01 22:41      字数:9312
  wife; September 1st; 1730。 None of the inconveniences happened that we
  had   apprehended;   she   proved   a   good   and   faithful   helpmate;   assisted   me
  much by attending the shop; we throve together; and have ever mutually
  endeavored to make each other happy。 Thus I corrected that great erratum
  as well as I could。
  About this time; our club meeting; not at a tavern; but in a little room
  of Mr。 Grace's; set apart for that purpose; a proposition was made by me;
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  that; since our books were often referr'd to in our disquisitions upon the
  queries;   it   might   be   convenient   to   us   to   have   them   altogether   where   we
  met; that upon occasion they might be consulted; and by thus clubbing our
  books     to  a  common      library;   we   should;    while   we    lik'd  to  keep   them
  together; have each of us the advantage of using the books of all the other
  members; which would be nearly as beneficial as if each owned the whole。
  It   was   lik'd   and   agreed   to;   and   we   fill'd   one   end   of   the   room  with   such
  books as we could best spare。 The number was not so great as we expected;
  and tho' they had been of great use; yet some inconveniences occurring for
  want of due care of them; the collection; after about a year; was separated;
  and each took his books home again
  And now  I  set on   foot   my  first   project   of   a  public  nature;  that   for  a
  subscription   library。  I   drew  up   the   proposals; got   them  put into   form  by
  our great scrivener; Brockden; and; by the help of my friends in the Junto;
  procured   fifty   subscribers   of   forty   shillings   each   to   begin   with;   and   ten
  shillings a year for fifty years; the term our company was to continue。 We
  afterwards obtain'd a charter; the company being increased to one hundred:
  this was the mother of all the North American subscription libraries; now
  so numerous。 It is become a great thing itself; and continually increasing。
  These libraries have improved the general conversation of the Americans;
  made the common tradesmen and farmers as intelligent as most gentlemen
  from other countries; and perhaps have contributed in some degree to the
  stand    so   generally    made     throughout     the   colonies    in  defense    of   their
  privileges。
  Memo。      Thus     far  was   written    with   the   intention    express'd    in   the
  beginning   and      therefore    contains    several   little  family   anecdotes     of  no
  importance       to  others。   What     follows    was   written    many    years   after   in
  compliance   with   the   advice   contain'd   in   these   letters;   and   accordingly
  intended     for   the  public。    The   affairs   of  the  Revolution      occasion'd     the
  interruption。
  Letter   from   Mr。   Abel   James;   with   Notes   of   my   Life   (received   in
  Paris)。
  〃MY DEAR AND HONORED FRIEND: I have often been desirous of
  writing to thee; but could not be reconciled to the thought that the letter
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  might   fall   into   the   hands   of   the   British;   lest   some   printer   or   busy…body
  should   publish   some   part   of   the   contents;   and   give   our   friend   pain;   and
  myself censure。
  〃Some   time   since   there   fell   into   my   hands;   to   my   great   joy;   about
  twenty…three sheets in thy own handwriting; containing an account of the
  parentage and life of thyself; directed to thy son; ending in the year 1730;
  with which there   were notes;  likewise in   thy  writing;   a   copy  of   which   I
  inclose;   in   hopes   it   may   be   a   means;   if   thou   continued   it   up   to   a   later
  period; that the first and latter part may be put together; and if it is not yet
  continued; I hope thee will not delay it。 Life is uncertain; as the preacher
  tells us; and what will the world say if kind; humane; and benevolent Ben。
  Franklin   should   leave   his   friends   and   the   world   deprived   of   so   pleasing
  and profitable a work; a work which would be useful and entertaining not
  only to a few; but to millions? The influence writings under that class have
  on the minds of youth is very great; and has nowhere appeared to me so
  plain;   as   in   our   public   friend's   journals。   It   almost   insensibly   leads   the
  youth into the resolution of endeavoring to become as good and eminent
  as the journalist。 Should thine; for instance; when published (and I think it
  could not fail of it); lead the youth to equal the industry and temperance of
  thy early youth; what a blessing with that class would such a work be! I
  know of no character living; nor many of them put together; who has so
  much in his power as thyself to   promote a greater spirit of industry  and
  early  attention   to   business;   frugality;   and   temperance   with   the American
  youth。 Not that I think the work would have no other merit and use in the
  world;   far   from   it;   but   the   first   is   of   such   vast   importance   that   I   know
  nothing that can equal it。〃
  The foregoing letter and the minutes accompanying it being shown to
  a friend; I received from him the following:
  Letter from Mr。 Benjamin Vaughan。 〃PARIS; January 31; 1783。
  〃My DEAREST SIR: When I had read over your sheets of minutes of
  the   principal   incidents   of   your   life;   recovered   for   you   by   your   Quaker
  acquaintance; I told you I would send you a letter expressing my reasons
  why I thought it would be useful to complete and publish it as he desired。
  Various     concerns     have    for  some     time   past   prevented     this  letter   being
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  written;     and   I   do   not   know     whether     it  was    worth    any    expectation;
  happening to be at leisure; however; at present; I shall by writing; at least
  interest and instruct myself; but as the terms I am inclined to use may tend
  to   offend   a   person   of   your   manners;   I   shall   only   tell   you   how   I   would
  address any other person; who was as good and as great as yourself; but
  less diffident。 I would say to him; Sir; I solicit the history of your life from
  the   following   motives: Your   history  is   so   remarkable;  that if   you   do   not
  give it; somebody else will certainly give it; and perhaps so as nearly to do
  as much harm; as   your own management   of the thing might do good。  It
  will moreover present a table of the internal circumstances of your country;
  which   will   very   much   tend to   invite   to   it   settlers   of   virtuous   and   manly
  minds。   And   considering   the   eagerness   with   which   such   information   is
  sought by them; and the extent of your reputation; I do not know of a more
  efficacious   advertisement   than   your   biography   would   give。  All   that   has
  happened   to   you   is   also   connected   with   the   detail   of   the   manners   and
  situation   of   a   rising   people;   and   in   this   respect   I   do   not   think   that   the
  writings of Caesar and Tacitus can be more interesting to a true judge of
  human nature and society。 But these; sir; are small reasons; in my opinion;
  compared   with   the   chance   which   your   life   will   give   for   the   forming   of
  future great men; and in conjunction with your Art of Virtue (which you
  design   to   publish)   of     improving   the   features   of   private   character;       and
  consequently of aiding all happiness; both public and domestic。 The two
  works I allude to; sir; will in particular give a noble rule and example of
  self…education。 School and other education constantly proceed upon false
  principles; and show a clumsy apparatus pointed at a false mark; but your
  apparatus is simple; and the mark a true one; and while parents and young
  persons are left destitute of other just means of estimating and becoming
  prepared for a reasonable course in life; your discovery that the thing is in
  many a man's private power; will be invaluable! Influence upon the private
  character;   late   in   life;   is   not   only   an   influence   late   in   life;   but   a   weak
  influence。 It is in youth that we plant our chief habits and prejudices; it is
  in youth that we take our party as to profession; pursuits and matrimony。
  In youth; therefore; the turn is given; in youth the education even of the
  next   generation      is  given;   in   youth    the   private   and   public   character      is