第 19 节
作者:天净沙      更新:2022-05-01 22:41      字数:9309
  my  writing;  on the  dispute  then going   on   between Governor   Burnet   and
  the Massachusetts Assembly;  struck   the principal   people; occasioned   the
  paper   and   the   manager   of   it   to   be   much   talk'd   of;   and   in   a   few   weeks
  brought them all to be our subscribers。
  Their    example      was    follow'd    by   many;    and   our   number      went   on
  growing continually。 This was one of the first good effects of my having
  learnt   a   little   to   scribble;   another   was;   that   the   leading   men;   seeing   a
  newspaper now in the hands of one who could also handle a pen; thought
  it convenient to oblige and encourage me。 Bradford still printed the votes;
  and   laws;   and   other   publick   business。   He   had   printed   an   address   of   the
  House   to   the   governor;   in   a   coarse;   blundering   manner;   we   reprinted   it
  elegantly and correctly; and sent one to every member。 They were sensible
  of   the  difference:   it   strengthened   the   hands   of  our   friends   in   the   House;
  and they voted us their printers for the year ensuing。
  59
  … Page 60…
  THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
  Among   my   friends   in      the   House   I   must   not   forget   Mr。  Hamilton;
  before mentioned; who was then returned from England; and had a seat in
  it。 He interested himself for me strongly in that instance; as he did in many
  others afterward; continuing his patronage till his death。
  I got his son once L500。'Marg。 note。'
  Mr。 Vernon; about this time; put me in mind of the debt I ow'd him; but
  did   not   press   me。   I   wrote   him   an   ingenuous   letter   of   acknowledgment;
  crav'd his forbearance a little longer; which he allow'd me; and as soon as I
  was   able;   I   paid   the   principal   with   interest;   and   many   thanks;   so   that
  erratum was in some degree corrected。
  But now another difficulty came upon me which I had never the least
  reason   to   expect。   Mr。   Meredith's   father;   who   was   to   have   paid   for   our
  printing…house;       according     to  the  expectations      given   me;    was   able   to
  advance only one hundred pounds currency; which had been paid; and a
  hundred more was due to the merchant; who grew impatient; and su'd us
  all。 We gave bail; but saw that; if the money could not be rais'd in time; the
  suit   must    soon    come    to  a  judgment      and   execution;    and    our   hopeful
  prospects must; with us; be ruined; as the press and letters must be sold for
  payment; perhaps at half price。
  In this distress two true friends; whose kindness I have never forgotten;
  nor    ever   shall   forget   while   I  can   remember      any    thing;   came    to  me
  separately; unknown to each other; and; without any application from me;
  offering     each   of   them   to   advance     me   all  the  money     that   should    be
  necessary   to   enable   me   to   take   the   whole   business   upon   myself;   if   that
  should be practicable; but they did not like my continuing the partnership
  with Meredith; who; as they said; was often seen drunk in the streets; and
  playing   at   low   games   in   alehouses;   much   to   our   discredit。   These   two
  friends were William Coleman and Robert Grace。 I told them I could not
  propose      a  separation     while   any    prospect    remain'd     of  the   Merediths'
  fulfilling their part of our agreement; because I thought myself under great
  obligations to them for what they had done; and would do if they could;
  but; if they finally fail'd in their performance; and our partnership must be
  dissolv'd; I should then think myself at liberty to accept the assistance of
  my friends。
  60
  … Page 61…
  THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
  Thus   the   matter   rested   for   some   time;   when   I   said   to   my   partner;
  〃Perhaps your father is dissatisfied at the part you have undertaken in this
  affair of ours; and is unwilling to advance for you and me what he would
  for you alone。 If that is the case; tell me; and I will resign the whole to you;
  and   go   about   my   business。〃   〃No;〃   said   he;   〃my   father   has   really   been
  disappointed;   and   is   really   unable;   and   I   am   unwilling   to   distress   him
  farther。 I see this is a business I am not fit for。 I was bred a farmer; and it
  was a folly in me to come to town; and put myself; at thirty years of age;
  an apprentice to learn a new trade。 Many of our Welsh people are going to
  settle in North Carolina; where land is cheap。 I am inclin'd to go with them;
  and follow my old employment。 You may find friends to assist you。 If you
  will   take   the   debts   of   the   company   upon   you;   return   to   my   father   the
  hundred pound he has advanced; pay my little personal debts; and give me
  thirty pounds and a new saddle; I will relinquish the partnership; and leave
  the   whole   in   your   hands。〃   I   agreed   to   this   proposal:   it   was   drawn   up   in
  writing; sign'd; and seal'd immediately。 I gave him what he demanded; and
  he   went   soon   after   to   Carolina;   from   whence   he   sent   me   next   year   two
  long    letters;   containing     the   best  account     that   had   been    given   of   that
  country; the climate; the soil; husbandry; etc。; for in those matters he was
  very     judicious。    I  printed     them    in   the  papers;     and   they    gave    great
  satisfaction to the publick。
  As soon as he was gone; I recurr'd to my two friends; and because I
  would not give an unkind preference to either; I took half of what each had
  offered and I wanted of one; and half of the other; paid off the company's
  debts; and went on with the business in my own name; advertising that the
  partnership was dissolved。 I think this was in or about the year 1729。
  About   this   time   there   was   a   cry   among   the   people   for   more   paper
  money; only fifteen thousand pounds being extant in the province; and that
  soon   to   be   sunk。   The   wealthy   inhabitants   oppos'd   any   addition;   being
  against all paper currency; from an apprehension that it would depreciate;
  as it had done in New England; to the prejudice of all creditors。 We had
  discuss'd this point in our Junto; where I was on the side of an addition;
  being   persuaded   that   the   first   small   sum   struck   in   1723   had   done   much
  good by increasing the trade; employment; and number of inhabitants in
  61
  … Page 62…
  THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
  the province; since I now saw all the old houses inhabited; and many new
  ones building; whereas I remembered well; that when I first walk'd about
  the   streets   of   Philadelphia;   eating   my   roll;   I   saw   most   of   the   houses   in
  Walnut…street; between Second and Front streets; with bills on their doors;
  〃To be let〃; and many likewise in Chestnut…street and other streets; which
  made me then think the inhabitants of the city were deserting it one after
  another。
  Our   debates   possess'd   me   so   fully   of   the   subject;   that   I   wrote   and
  printed an anonymous pamphlet on it; entitled 〃The Nature and Necessity
  of   a   Paper   Currency。〃   It   was   well   receiv'd    by   the   common   people   in
  general; but   the   rich   men   dislik'd   it;  for it increas'd   and   strengthen'd the
  clamor   for   more   money;   and   they   happening   to   have   no   writers   among
  them that were able to answer it; their opposition slacken'd; and the point
  was carried by a majority in the House。 My friends there; who conceiv'd I
  had been of some service; thought fit to reward me by employing me in
  printing the money; a very profitable jobb and a great help to me。 This was
  another advantage gain'd by my being able to write。
  The utility of this currency became by time and experience so evident
  as never afterwards to be much disputed; so that it grew soon to fifty…five
  thousand pounds; and in 1739 to eighty thousand pounds; since which it
  arose during war to upwards of three hundred and fifty thousand pounds;
  trade;   building;   and   inhabitants   all   the   while   increasing;   till   I  now   think
  there are limits beyond which the quantity may be hurtful。
  I   soon   after   obtain'd;   thro'   my   friend   Hamilton;   the   printing   of   the
  Newcastle paper money; another profitable jobb as I then thought it; small
  things appearing great to those in small circumstances; and these; to me;
  were     really   great  advantages;      as  they   were    great  encouragements。