第 9 节
作者:淋雨      更新:2021-12-07 09:32      字数:9322
  and    patient;   to  all  considerations      of  mere    decorum;     for  giving    proper
  instruction   in   the   facts   of   sex。  Those   who   object   to   it   (not   counting
  coarse people who thoughtlessly seize every opportunity of affecting and
  parading   a   fictitious   delicacy)   are;   in   effect;   advocating   ignorance   as   a
  safeguard   against   precocity。       If   ignorance   were   practicable   there   would
  be something to be said for it up to the age at which ignorance is a danger
  instead of a safeguard。        Even as it is; it seems undesirable that any special
  emphasis should be given to the subject; whether by way of delicacy and
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  poetry or too impressive warning。           But the plain fact is that in refusing to
  allow   the   child   to   be   taught   by   qualified   unrelated   elders   (the   parents
  shrink from the lesson; even   when they are otherwise qualified;   because
  their own relation to the child makes the subject impossible between them)
  we are virtually arranging to have our children taught by other children in
  guilty   secrets   and   unclean   jests。    And   that   settles   the   question   for   all
  sensible people。
  The   dogmatic   objection;   the   sheer   instinctive   taboo   which   rules   the
  subject out altogether as indecent; has no age limit。              It means that at no
  matter what age a woman consents to a proposal of marriage; she should
  do so in ignorance of the relation she is undertaking。              When this actually
  happens (and apparently it does happen oftener than would seem possible)
  a horrible fraud is being practiced on both the man and the woman。                   He is
  led to believe that she knows what she is promising; and that he is in no
  danger of finding himself bound to a woman to whom he is eugenically
  antipathetic。     She contemplates nothing but such affectionate relations as
  may exist between her and her nearest kinsmen; and has no knowledge of
  the condition which; if not foreseen; must come as an amazing revelation
  and a dangerous shock; ending possibly in the discovery that the marriage
  has been an irreparable mistake。          Nothing can justify such a risk。          There
  may be people incapable of understanding that the right to know all there
  is to know about oneself is a natural human right that sweeps away all the
  pretences of others to tamper with one's consciousness in order to produce
  what they choose to consider a good character。               But they must here bow
  to the plain mischievousness of entrapping people into contracts on which
  the happiness of their whole lives depends without letting them know what
  they are undertaking。
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  Alleged Novelties in Modern
  Schools
  There is just one more nuisance to be disposed of before I come to the
  positive    side   of  my   case。    I  mean     the  person    who    tells  me   that  my
  schooldays belong to a bygone order of educational ideas and institutions;
  and   that   schools   are   not   now   a   bit   like   my   old   school。   I   reply;   with   Sir
  Walter   Raleigh;     by   calling   on   my   soul   to  give  this   statement    the  lie。
  Some   years   ago   I   lectured   in   Oxford   on   the   subject   of   Education。    A
  friend   to   whom   I   mentioned   my   intention   said;   〃You   know   nothing   of
  modern education:         schools are not now what they were when you were a
  boy。〃    I   immediately   procured   the   time   sheets   of   half   a   dozen   modern
  schools; and found;  as I  expected; that they might   all have  been my  old
  school:     there   was   no   real   difference。  I   may   mention;  too;   that   I   have
  visited   modern   schools;   and   observed   that   there   is   a   tendency   to   hang
  printed    pictures    in  an  untidy    and   soulless   manner     on   the  walls;   and
  occasionally      to   display   on   the   mantel…shelf     a   deplorable    glass    case
  containing certain objects which might possibly; if placed in the hands of
  the pupils; give them some practical experience of the weight of a pound
  and the length of an inch。          And sometimes a scoundrel who has rifled a
  bird's nest or killed a harmless snake encourages the children to go and do
  likewise     by   putting   his  victims    into  an  imitation    nest   and   bottle  and
  exhibiting   them  as   aids   to   〃Nature   study。〃    A  suggestion   that   Nature   is
  worth study would certainly have staggered my schoolmasters; so perhaps
  I may admit a gleam of progress here。             But as any child who attempted to
  handle these dusty objects would probably be caned; I do not attach any
  importance to such modernities in school furniture。                The school remains
  what it was in my boyhood; because its real object remains what it was。
  And     that   object;   I  repeat;   is  to  keep    the  children    out   of  mischief:
  mischief meaning for the most part worrying the grown…ups。
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  What is to be Done?
  The practical question; then; is what to do with the children。 Tolerate
  them at home we will not。           Let them run loose in the streets we dare not
  until our streets become safe places for children; which; to our utter shame;
  they are not at present; though they can hardly be worse than some homes
  and some schools。
  The   grotesque   difficulty   of   making   even   a   beginning        was   brought
  home to me in the little village in Hertfordshire where I write these lines
  by the lady of the manor; who asked me very properly what I was going to
  do for the village school。         I did not know what to reply。           As the school
  kept the children quiet during my working hours; I did not for the sake of
  my   own   personal   convenmence   want   to   blow   it   up   with   dynamite   as   I
  should   like   to   blow   up   most   schools。    So   I   asked   for   guidance。   〃You
  ought to give a prize;〃 said the lady。          I asked if there was a prize for good
  conduct。      As   I expected;   there   was:     one for   the best…behaved   boy  and
  another   for   the   best…behaved   girl。     On   reflection   I   offered   a   handsome
  prize for the worst…behaved boy and girl on condition that a record should
  be kept of their subsequent careers and compared with the records of the
  best…behaved;   in   order   to   ascertain   whether   the   school   criterion   of   good
  conduct was valid out of school。            My offer was refused because it would
  not have had the effect of encouraging the children to give as little trouble
  as   possible;   which   is   of   course   the   real   object   of   all   conduct   prizes   in
  schools。
  I must not pretend; then; that I have a system ready to replace all the
  other    systems。      Obstructing       the  way    of   the   proper    organization     of
  childhood; as of everything else; lies our ridiculous misdistribution of the
  national income; with its accompanying class distinctions and imposition
  of snobbery on children as a necessary part of their social training。                   The
  result    of  our   economic      folly  is  that   we   are  a   nation   of  undesirable
  acquaintances;   and   the   first   object   of   all   our   institutions   for   children   is
  segregation。      If; for example; our children were set free to roam and play
  about as they pleased; they would have to be policed; and the first duty of
  the   police   in   a   State   like   ours   would   be   to   see   that   every   child   wore   a
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  badge indicating its class in society; and that every child seen speaking to
  another   child   with   a   lower…class   badge;   or   any   child   wearing   a   higher
  badge     than   that  allotted   to  it  by;  say;  the  College    of  Heralds;    should
  immediately be skinned alive with a birch rod。               It might even be insisted
  that girls with high…class badges should be attended by footmen; grooms;
  or even military escorts。         In short; there is hardly any limit to the follies
  with   which   our   Commercialism   would   infect   any   system   that   it   would
  tolerate at all。    But something like a change of heart is still possible; and
  since a