第 10 节
作者:青词      更新:2021-08-14 15:19      字数:9322
  imposing characters。 If ever there was a tendency that needed nipping in
  the   bud   (I   fear   the   bud   is   fast   becoming   a   full…blown   flower);   it   is   this
  discouraging national failing。
  Each     year   when     I  return   from    my    spring   wanderings;       among     the
  benighted and effete nations of the Old World; on whom the untravelled
  American looks down from the height of his superiority; I am struck anew
  by the contrast between the trim; well…groomed officials left behind on one
  side of the ocean and the happy…go… lucky; slouching individuals I find on
  the other。
  As   I   ride   up   town   this   unpleasant   impression   deepens。   In   the   〃little
  Mother Isle〃 I have just left; bus…drivers have quite a coaching air; with hat
  and   coat   of   knowing   form。 They  sport   flowers   in   their   button…holes   and
  salute other bus…drivers; when they meet; with a twist of whip and elbow
  refreshingly correct; showing that they take pride in their calling; and have
  been   at   some   pains   to   turn   themselves   out   as   smart   in   appearance   as
  finances would allow。
  Here;   on   the   contrary;   the   stage   and   cab   drivers   I   meet   seem   to   be
  under a blight; and to have lost all interest in life。 They lounge on the box;
  their    legs   straggling    aimlessly;    one    hand    holding    the   reins;   the  other
  hanging      dejectedly     by    the   side。   Yet   there   is  little  doubt    that   these
  heartbroken citizens are earning double what their London CONFRERES
  gain。 The shadow of the national peculiarity is over them。
  When I get to my rooms; the elevator boy is reclining in the lift; and
  hardly raises his eye…lids as he languidly manoeuvres the rope。 I have seen
  that   boy   now   for   months;   but   never   when   his   boots   and   clothes   were
  brushed   or   when   his   cravat   was   not   riding   proudly  above   his   collar。   On
  occasions      I  have    offered    him   pins;   which     he   took   wearily;    doubtless
  because   it   was   less   trouble   than   to   refuse。   The   next   day;   however;   his
  cravat again rode triumphant; mocking my efforts to keep it in its place。
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  His hair; too; has been a cause of wonder to me。 How does he manage to
  have it always so long and so unkempt? More than once; when expecting
  callers; I have bribed him to have it cut; but it seemed to grow in the night;
  back to its poetic profusion。
  In what does this noble disregard for appearances which characterizes
  American         men     originate?      Our     climate;      as    some      suggest;     or
  discouragement at not all being millionaires? It more likely comes from an
  absence   with   us   of   the   military   training   that   abroad   goes   so   far   toward
  licking young men into shape。
  I shall never forget the surprise on the face of a French statesman to
  whom I once expressed my sympathy for his country; laboring under the
  burden of so vast a standing army。 He answered:
  〃The financial burden is doubtless great; but you have others。 Witness
  your pension expenditures。 With us the money drawn from the people is
  used   in   such   a   way   as   to   be   of   inestimable   value   to   them。   We   take   the
  young      hobbledehoy        farm…hand       or   mechanic;      ignorant;     mannerless;
  uncleanly as he may be; and turn him out at the end of three years with his
  regiment;   self…respecting   and   well…   mannered;   with   habits   of   cleanliness
  and   obedience;   having   acquired   a   bearing;   and   a   love   of   order   that   will
  cling to and serve him all his life。 We do not go so far;〃 he added; 〃as our
  English     neighbors     in  drilling   men    into  superb    manikins     of   'form'  and
  carriage。   Our   authorities   do   not   consider   it   necessary。   But   we   reclaim
  youths from the slovenliness of their native village or workshop and make
  them tidy and mannerly citizens。〃
  These   remarks   came   to   mind   the   other   day   as   I   watched   a   group   of
  New England youths lounging on the steps of the village store; or sitting in
  rows     on  a  neighboring      fence;   until   I  longed   to  try   if  even  a  judicial
  arrangement   of   tacks;   'business…end        up;'   on  these   favorite   seats   would
  infuse any energy into their movements。 I came to the conclusion that my
  French acquaintance was right; for the only trim…looking men to be seen;
  were either veterans   of our war  or youths belonging   to the local   militia。
  And nowhere does one see finer specimens of humanity than West Point
  and Annapolis turn out。
  If any one doubts what kind of men slouching youths develop into; let
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  him  look   when   he   travels;   at   the dejected appearance   of the   farmhouses
  throughout our land。 Surely our rural populations are not so much poorer
  than those of other countries。 Yet when one compares the dreary homes of
  even   our   well…to…do   farmers   with   the smiling;   well…kept   hamlets   seen   in
  England or on the Continent; such would seem to be the case。
  If ours were an old and bankrupt nation; this air of discouragement and
  decay could not be greater。 Outside of the big cities one looks in vain for
  some sign of American dash and enterprise in the appearance of our men
  and their homes。
  During a journey of over four thousand miles; made last spring as the
  guest of a gentleman who knows our country thoroughly; I was impressed
  most painfully  with this   abject air。  Never in all   those days   did we  see  a
  fruit…tree trained on some sunny southern wall; a smiling flower…garden or
  carefully     clipped    hedge。    My    host   told   me   that   hardly   the   necessary
  vegetables   are   grown;   the   inhabitants   of   the   West   and   South   preferring
  canned food。 It is less trouble!
  If you wish to form an idea of the extent to which slouch prevails in
  our country; try to start a 〃village improvement society;〃 and experience;
  as others have done; the apathy and ill…will of the inhabitants when you go
  about among them and strive to summon some of their local pride to your
  aid。
  In the town near which I pass my summers; a large stone; fallen from a
  passing dray; lay for days in the middle of the principal street; until I paid
  some boys to remove it。 No one cared; and the dull…eyed inhabitants would
  doubtless be looking at it still but for my impatience。
  One would imagine the villagers were all on the point of moving away
  (and they generally are; if they can sell their land); so little interest do they
  show in your plans。 Like all people who have fallen into bad habits; they
  have   grown   to   love   their   slatternly   ways   and   cling   to   them;   resenting
  furiously any attempt to shake them up to energy and reform。
  The farmer has   not; however;  a   monopoly。  Slouch seems   ubiquitous。
  Our railway and steam…boat systems have tried in vain to combat it; and
  supplied   their   employees   with   a   livery   (I   beg   the   free   and   independent
  voter's pardon; a uniform!); with but little effect。 The inherent tendency is
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  too strong for the corporations。 The conductors still shuffle along in their
  spotted garments; the cap on the back of the head; and their legs anywhere;
  while they chew gum in defiance of the whole Board of Directors。
  Go down to Washington; after a visit to the Houses of Parliament or
  the Chamber of Deputies; and observe the contrast between the bearing of
  our Senators and Representatives and the air of their CONFRERES abroad。
  Our   law…makers   seem   trying   to   avoid   every   appearance   of   〃smartness。〃
  Indeed; I am told; so great is the prejudice in the United States against a
  well…turned…out   man        that   a  candidate   would   seriously   compromise         his
  chances of election who appeared before his constituents in other than the
  accustomed       shabby   frock…coat;     unbuttoned      and   floating;   a  pot  hat;  no
  gloves;   as   much   doubtfully   white   shirt…front   as   possible;   and   a   wisp   of
  black silk for a tie; and if he can exhibit also a chin…whisker; his chances
  of election are materially increased。 Nothing offends an eye accustomed to
  our native LAISSER ALLER so much as a well…brushed hat and shining
  boots。 When abroad; it is easy to spot a compatriot as soon an