第 5 节
作者:希望之舟      更新:2021-04-30 16:13      字数:9321
  through   synetic   granite   and   encountered   very   little   water;   and   when   we
  were about to break through at the summit we provided the workmen with
  fur clothing; and with air respirators; so that they would not be overcome
  by    the  cold    and   rarety   of  the   atmosphere。      We    had   a  car   driven    by
  electricity   to   carry   the   men    and   material   into   the  tunnel;    having    four
  cogwheel drivers on each side; and the tunnel throughout was lighted by
  electricity。 We built the observatory of composition metal and glass; which
  was carried up on the car…but come along and you shall see for yourself。〃
  We entered an observatory car that was run by its own dynamo but in
  case   of   the   dynamo   giving   out   a   trolley   wire   overhead…   could   furnish
  power any  moment。 After a pleasant ride of an hour's duration we came
  out    of  the   tunnel   into   the   observatory     and    I  saw   two    magnificently
  mounted telescopes; one for visitors to look through and the other one for
  taking photographic views。 I looked through the visitors' telescope and to
  my     astonishment       the  sun    was    blue   and    when     I  asked    one   of   the
  astronomers present the reason for it he   replied that the sun was a   great
  dynamo and that the dazzling brightness seen at low altitudes was caused
  by our atmosphere offering like the filament in an incandescent lamp great
  resistance to the electric energy of the sun producing a brilliant glow and
  if you were able to go outside the atmosphere of our earth you would only
  see   the   sun   as   a   dark   body   in   space   and   you   would   find   yourself   in
  absolute darkness and eternal silence。 Night fell and when I looked again
  through      the  telescope     and   gazed    on   the   countless    hosts    of  heaven's
  millions of suns there came into my mind and I repeated aloud that noble
  passage   in   the   Bible;   〃The   heavens   declare   the   glory   of   God   and   the
  firmament showeth his handiwork。 I remarked to the Chief Engineer as we
  went down to the station; that a great many people visited the observatory;
  for I had looked in the visitors' book; where every person was required to
  sign his name。 He replied; 〃Yes; if a private company owned it; it would
  make   the   stockholders   wealthy;   for   it   has   become   to   the   globe…trotters
  what Mecca is to the Mohammedans for no tourist would dare to return
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  home   without   registering   at   the   observatory   and   we   encourage   them   by
  publishing their names in the National Gazette。
  〃If you would like to accompany me I think I can show you another
  work we are engaged in that is adding to the accumulated knowledge of
  the ages。〃 I gladly assented and after ten days of railway travel we arrived
  at   the   great   platinum   mine   of   Eurasia。   It   was   on   the   continental   divide
  between   Europe   and Asia   and   had   been   worked   on   a   small   scale   at   the
  surface for a great many years; but had not produced much platinum and
  owing   to   an   increasing   demand   for   it   in   the   arts   the   value   of   it   greatly
  exceeded that of gold; while at the present time it is on a par with silver;
  owing to the government selling it in the market of the world for what it
  will bring and smashing any gambling ring that would attempt to corner
  the market。 We entered a cage and were lowered to the one thousand…foot
  level;   then   we   got out   of   the  cage   and;   walking   about   twenty   yards;   we
  entered a chamber where there was another shaft and hoisting works and
  were lowered to the two…thousand foot level; which opened out in every
  direction;    connecting      with   a  drainage    tunnel   eight   miles   long;   which
  carried     off  all  the  water    for   sixteen   square    miles   of   surface。   After
  explaining to me the old methods of mining he said with a smile: 〃Come
  with me now and I will show you our new method;〃 and entering a large
  chamber that looked like an immense warehouse; we stepped into a cage
  and went down; changing from one cage to another every thousand feet;
  until we stopped at the sixty…four…thousand…foot level。 We visited several
  crosscuts and drifts on this level and found several hundred men at work
  taking out platinum ore of a high grade; and my companion told me that
  they were doing the same work on several other thousand…foot levels; the
  ore improving in quality as they went down。 〃You no doubt observed as
  we came down that the shaft was circular; but you may not have seen a
  second   shaft   of   the   same   diameter   as   the   hoisting   shaft   forty   feet   away。
  The second shaft is used for air pipes; water pipes and insulated electric
  wires。
  All the electric current to run the hoists and the compressed air to drive
  the drilling machines and to maintain free circulation of air throughout the
  workings; comes down that shaft and all the surplus water is pumped up it
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  to   the   two…thousand…foot   level;   where   it   is   carried   off   by   the   drainage
  tunnel and a complete system of escape ladders…besides at every level is a
  hoisting engine and cage to take the workmen up if danger threatens them。
  To insure an even temperature in the mine we keep a supply of liquid aid
  on every level; which is renewed daily; connecting the liquid air chest with
  the pipe that supplies fresh air to the workings。 No expense is spared in
  taking care of the health and safety of the workmen and if a man gets sick
  or injured he gets the same pay as if he is working; and if a workman gets
  killed his wife receives the same pay that he received as long as she lives;
  and   his   children   are   as   well   provided   for   by   the   government。   None   but
  married     men    are  employed      and   there   is  lively  competition     to  secure
  employment with us。〃
  He informed me that they sank the shaft with rotary drilling machines;
  cutting a channel one inch wide and five feet in depth; leaving a core nine
  feet ten inches in diameter in which four holes were drilled four feet six
  inches in depth and loaded with a new explosive as powerful as dynamite
  but    without    its  injurious   fumes    and   perfectly    safe  to   handle   at  any
  temperature。 They averaged in sinking twelve feet daily and as they went
  down the rock became more compact and finer grained。 As there were no
  hot    springs   in  the   vicinity   and   no   signs   of  volcanic    action   even   in
  prehistoric     times;  the   temperature     of  the  rock   even    at  the  sixty…four…
  thousand…foot level was only one hundred and twenty degrees Fahrenheit;
  and any increase of temperature in the workings was owing to the electric
  light   generating   heat   in   the   dense   atmosphere   of   the   lower   levels。   My
  companion       invited   me   to  weigh    myself    on   the  ore  scales   and   to  my
  astonishment       I  only  weighed     one   hundred     and   twenty    pounds;    and   I
  exclaimed that something was wrong with the scales; but my companion
  offered to take the scales up with us to the surface and test them。 We did
  so and on weighing myself again the beam tipped at one hundred and sixty
  pounds my regular weight。
  Then he informed me that there was a progressive fall in weights on
  every level as they went down and that if no unforeseen obstacle interfered
  they would reach the limit of attraction from the surface downward and in
  his opinion it would be at fifty miles。 I asked him what they would find
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  there and he replied   that in his opinion it would be the same subtle  and
  elastic essence that fills stellar space; but he added: 〃God alone knows the
  secret   of   the   universe    in  his  keeping。〃   We     visited   the   great  smelting;
  refining   and   assaying   works   in   the  vicinity  and   he introduced   me   to   the
  general   superintendent   of   all   the   mines   on   the   continental   divide;   who
  invited   me   to   accompany   him   on   a   mine   inspection   tour   and   he   would
  show     me    the  improved      method     they   used   in  prospecting      for  ore  and
  extracting and milling it to the best advantage。 〃When our mining experts
  discover   a   mineral   belt   containing   precious   metals   or   copper;   iron;  lead;
  nickel; platinum; cobalt; quicksilver; manganese or any other ore used in
  manufactures and the arts;