第 4 节
作者:希望之舟      更新:2021-04-30 16:13      字数:9322
  telephones;      wireless     telegraphy     stations    and   levees;    all  water    power;
  steamers   and   boats   for   freight   and   passenger   service;   and;   in   fact;   all
  public utilities。
  Besides; the Government manufactured and sold all liquors; tobaccos;
  drugs; teas; salt; sugar; coals; petroleum; lumber; iron in pigs and steel in
  plates   and   bars。   It   is   easy   to   see   that   the   Bank   of   Eurasia   transacted   an
  immense volume of business daily。
  The bank coined gold in denominations of fifty dollars; twenty dollars;
  ten   dollars   and   five   dollars;   silver   in   dollar;   fifty   and   twenty…five…cent
  pieces; nickel in ten…cent and five…cent pieces; and aluminum in one…cent
  pieces。 All money coined with ten per cent。 alloy and at bullion value。 The
  coinage   was   readjusted   every  ten   years   and   silver;   nickel   and   aluminum
  coins were exchangd for gold at their face value。 The Government issued
  banknotes drawing two per cent。 a year; and loaned money on land and on
  goods     in   the  Government        warehouses      and    conducted     a   fire  insurance
  business; but no insurance was paid on any property that was insured in
  the building where the fire broke out; and on no buildings that were not
  fireproof。 No life insurance was allowed and no corporation or individual
  was     allowed     to  carry    on   an   insurance     business     and   no   person     was
  permitted      to   insure    property     or  life   in  the   country     in   any    foreign
  corporation; and no stock exchanges or gambling in futures were allowed。
  The  Bank of   Eurasia   published   every  month   in the  National   Gazette
  14
  … Page 15…
  EURASIA
  the amount of money on hand; so that the people might know when it was
  necessary for the Government to make a new issue of banknotes; so as not
  to cripple the circulation。
  I   was   greatly;   impressed   with   the   reply   of   the   Minister   of   Finance
  when I asked him why he published those statements; 〃We deal honestly
  with the people and they trust us。〃 In answer to my question if there were
  any trusts in his country; he smiled and replied; 〃One trust: the People。〃
  Corporations are allowed; but no watered stock and every stockholder
  has the same vote in electing officers of the company; whether he holds
  one share or any other number of shares; and any conspiracy to corner the
  market or to enhance the price of any article produced or manufactured is
  punished as a felony; the penalty being five years at hard labor in prison。
  15
  … Page 16…
  EURASIA
  CHAPTER V。
  DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION。
  I called at the Department of Information; and when I was introduced I
  realized that I was in the presence of one of the world's greatest teachers。
  She gave me a warm handshake and said; 〃I have been expecting you; and
  now that you are here; I will take pleasure in showing you the workings of
  the   department   over   which   I   have   the   honor   to   preside。   There   are   no
  Government   or   private   detective   agencies   in  our   country;   but   a   constant
  watch is kept on all public officials as well as private violators of the law;
  by the Government placing for sale in every postoffice and every military
  station and every prison Government envelopes with fifty…cent stamps on
  them;   and   any   person   interfering   in   the   sending   or   tampering   with   said
  letters   is   punished   by   imprisonment   for   five   years   at   hard   labor。   Steel
  boxes   with   a   slit   in   the   lid   to   receive   the   letters   were   placed   in   every
  postoffice; military station and prison; and could not be opened except by
  a   commissioner   from   the   Department   of   Information。 Any   person   could
  buy   one;   for   there   was   a   printed   address   on   them;   and   send   it   to   the
  President;   who   has   at   the   present   time   three   hundred   secretaries   (young
  ladies chosen from the orphan home) to read the letters; answer them and
  send a copy to the Minister of Justice who has them Classified; and acting
  on the information sends orders out to bring the guilty parties to justice;
  and as punishment is meted out only to the bribetakers; for it is only acting
  according to the mandates of human nature for a relative or friend to try to
  get a person out of trouble to offer a bribe; carried with it no penalty; but it
  left the bribetaker at the mercy of the other party; and in consequence of
  adopting   this   system   very   few   public   officials   proved   untrue;   and   crime
  has greatly diminished。 Our department has charge of all mail matter and
  telegraph;     telepost    and   telephone     lines   and   wireless    stations    and   all
  newspaper   books   and   magazine   publications;   and   we   edit   the   National
  Gazette;   besides   we   have   charge   of   all   Government   scientific   research
  parties;   and   if   you   will   call   again   to…morrow   I   think   I   will   be   able   to
  introduce you to the Chief Engineer who stands very high in his profession;
  16
  … Page 17…
  EURASIA
  and who has; by placing an Astronomical Observatory on the summit of
  Mount Everest; attracted the attention of the civilized world。〃
  17
  … Page 18…
  EURASIA
  CHAPTER VI。
  DEPARTMENT OF MINES。
  I   called   at  the   appointed     time   and    was    introduced     to  the   Chief
  Engineer;   who   invited   me   to   accompany   him   on   an   inspection   tour;   to
  which   I   gladly   assented;   and;   after   a   week's   pleasant   travel   by   rail;   we
  arrived   at   the   station   on   the   southwestern   slope   of   Mount   Everest   at   an
  elevation   of   twelve   thousand   feet   above   the   sea。   We   had   arrived   in   the
  evening and enjoyed a good night's rest; and; eating a hearty breakfast; we
  walked out to take observations of the locality; before taking our trip to the
  summit; and the Chief told me of the way by which they finally erected an
  observatory on the highest mountain of the earth。
  〃Five     years   ago   the   President    sent   for   me;〃   explained     the   Chief
  Engineer; 〃and asked if I could plan an observatory on Mount Everest。 I
  replied that I would try to do so if the Government saw fit to place me in
  charge   of   the   undertaking。   I   received   my   commission   the   next   day   and;
  calling    to   my   aid   two   of   the  ablest   engineers     in  the   service    of  the
  Government; we selected a site for the entrance of the tunnel and next we
  searched for suitable power to do the work。 We found a waterfall twenty
  miles     distant;   where    we    built  a  power     house;    installed   turbines    and
  dynamos and built an electric line to this place。 We then erected a machine
  shop;   in   which   we   placed   our   electric   engines   and   air   compressors;   and
  built a railroad connecting with the main line; and after we had done that
  we   started   the   tunnel。   As   you   will   observe;   the   tunnel   is   a   round   bore
  twelve   feet   in   diameter;   and   no   explosives   were   used   in   making   it。   We
  used a tunneling machine driven and operated by compressed air; boring
  on   the   average   fifty   feet   every   twenty…four   hours;   and   we   washed   the
  debris away by a powerful stream of water directed against the face of the
  tunnel so as not to obstruct the work。 We gave the tunnel for the first five
  miles a grade of one foot in ten and from that point to the summit a grade
  of sixty degrees; and laid heavy steel segment rails six feet apart bolted to
  the  solid   rock;   by   this   means   dispensing   with   ties   and   permitting   a   free
  flow of water and slum。 We found it necessary to build a chamber within
  18
  … Page 19…
  EURASIA
  the mouth of the tunnel sixty feet long; with automatic doors opening and
  shutting;   to   secure   an   abundance   of   air   in   the   tunnel;   and   also   in   the
  observatory。   The   tunnel   required   no   timbering;   as   we   bored   all   the   way
  through   synetic   granite   and   encountered   very   little   water;   and   when   we
  were about to break th