第 40 节
作者:沸点123      更新:2021-02-27 02:03      字数:9321
  they waited through the years for the prophecy to come true。
  In this nation; in a little country town; lived a man and a woman whose
  names were Joseph and Mary。 And it happened; one year; that they had to
  take a  little  journey  up   to the town   which   was   the nearest   tax…centre;  to
  have   their   names   put   on the   census   list; because   that   was   the   custom  in
  that country。
  But when they got to the town; so many others were there for the same
  thing; and it was such a small town; that every place was crowded。 There
  was   no   room  for   them  at   the   inn。   Finally  the   innkeeper   said   they  might
  sleep in the stable on the straw。 So they went there for the night。
  And while they were there; in the stable; their first child was born to
  them;   a   little   son。 And   because   there   was   no   cradle   to   put   Him   in;   the
  mother   made   a   little   warm   nest   of   the   hay   in   the   big   wooden   manger
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  where the oxen had eaten; and wrapped the baby in swaddling clothes; and
  laid Him in the manger; for a bed!
  That same night; on the hills outside the town; there were shepherds;
  keeping their flocks through the darkness。 They were tired with watching
  over the sheep; and they stood or sat about; drowsily; talking and watching
  the stars。 And as they watched; behold; an angel of the Lord appeared unto
  them! And the glory of the Lord shone round about them! And they were
  sore afraid。 But the angel said unto them; 〃Fear not; for behold I bring you
  good tidings of great joy; which shall be to all people。 For unto you is born;
  this day; in the city of David; a saviour;which is Christ the Lord。 And this
  shall   be   a   sign   unto   you:   ye   shall   find   the   babe;   wrapped   in   swaddling
  clothes; lying in a manger。〃
  And   suddenly   there   was   with   the   angel   a   multitude   of   the   heavenly
  host; praising God; and saying; 〃Glory to God in the highest; and on earth
  peace; good will toward men。〃
  When the angels were gone up from them into heaven; the shepherds
  said   to   one   another;   〃Let   us   now   go   even   unto   Bethlehem;   and   see   this
  thing which is come to pass; which the Lord hath made known unto us。〃
  And they came; with haste; and they found Mary; and Joseph; and the babe
  lying in a manger。 And when they saw Him in the manger; they knew that
  the wonderful thing the angel said had really happened; and that the great
  deliverer was born at last。
  THE CHILD…MIND; AND HOW TO SATISFY IT
  〃It  is  the   grown    people    who    make     the   nursery    stories;〃  wrote
  Stevenson; 〃all the children do is jealously to preserve the text。〃 And the
  grown   person;   whether   he   makes   his   stories   with   pen   or   with   tongue;
  should bring two qualities at least to the worksimplicity of language and
  a  serious   sincerity。 The   reason   for   the   simplicity  is   obvious;  for   no   one;
  child or otherwise; can thoroughly enjoy a story clouded by words which
  convey no meaning to him。
  The second quality is less obvious but equally necessary。 No absence
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  of fun is intended by the words 〃serious sincerity;〃 but they mean that the
  story…teller should bring to the child an equal interest in what is about to
  be   told;   an   honest   acceptance;   for   the   time   being;   of   the   fairies;   or   the
  heroes;   or   the   children;   or   the   animals   who   talk;   with   which   the   tale   is
  concerned。 The child deserves this equality of standpoint; and without it
  there can be no entire success。
  As for the stories themselves; the difficulty lies with the material; not
  with the CHILD。 Styles may be varied generously; but the matter must be
  quarried for。 Out of a hundred children's books it is more than likely that
  ninety…nine will be useless; yet perhaps out of one autobiography may be
  gleaned   an   anecdote;   or   a   reminiscence   which   can   be   amplified   into   an
  absorbing   tale。 Almost   every  story…teller   will find that   the open eye   and
  ear will serve him better than much arduous searching。 No one book will
  yield    him    the  increase    to  his   repertoire    which    will  come     to  him    by
  listening;     by  browsing      in  chance     volumes     and    magazines;      and   even
  newspapers; by observing everyday life; and in all remembering his own
  youth; and his youthful; waiting audience。
  And that youthful audience? A rather too common mistake is made in
  allowing overmuch for the creative imagination of the normal child。 It is
  not creative imagination which the normal child possesses so much as an
  enormous   credulity  and   no   limitations。   If   we   consider   for   a   moment   we
  see that there has been little or nothing to limit things for him; therefore
  anything is possible。 It is the years of our life as they come which narrow
  our fancies and set a bound to our beliefs; for experience has taught us that
  for the most part a certain cause will produce a certain effect。 The child;
  on   the   contrary;   has   but   little   knowledge   of   causes;   and   as   yet   but   an
  imperfect realisation of effects。 If we; for instance; go into the midst of a
  savage country; we know that there is the chance of our meeting a savage。
  But to the young child it is quite as possible to meet a Red Indian coming
  round the bend of the brook at the bottom of the orchard; as it is to meet
  him in his own wigwam。
  The child is an adept at make…believe; but his make…believes are; as a
  rule;   practical   and   serious。   It   is   credulity   rather   than   imagination   which
  helps him。 He takes the tales he has been TOLD; the facts he has observed;
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  and   for   the   most   part   reproduces   them   to   the   best   of   his   ability。   And
  〃nothing;〃 as Stevenson says; 〃can stagger a child's faith; he accepts the
  clumsiest substitutes and can swallow the most staring incongruities。 The
  chair     he   has   just  been    besieging      as  a   castle   is  taken    away     for   the
  accommodation   of   a   morning   visitor   and   he   is   nothing   abashed;   he   can
  skirmish   by   the   hour   with   a   stationary   coal…scuttle;   in   the   midst   of   the
  enchanted   pleasuance   he   can   see;   without   sensible   shock;   the   gardener
  soberly digging potatoes for the day's dinner。〃
  The   child;   in   fact;   is   neither   undeveloped   〃grown…up〃   nor   unspoiled
  angel。   Perhaps   he   has   a   dash   of   both;   but   most   of   all   he   is   akin   to   the
  grown person who dreams。 With the dreamer and with the child there is
  that   unquestioning   acceptance   of   circumstances   as   they   arise;   however
  unusual      and   disconcerting       they   may    be。   In  dreams     the   wildest;    most
  improbable and fantastic things happen; but they are not so to the dreamer。
  The veriest cynic amongst us must take his dreams seriously and without a
  sneer; whether he is forced to leap from the edge of a precipice; whether
  he finds himself utterly incapable of packing his trunk in time for the train;
  whether   in   spite   of   his   distress   at   the   impropriety;   he   finds   himself   at   a
  dinner… party minus his collar; or whether the riches of El Dorado are laid
  at   his   feet。   For   him   at   the   time   it   is   all   quite   real   and   harassingly   or
  splendidly important。
  To the child and to the dreamer all things are possible; frogs may talk;
  bears may be turned into princes; gallant tailors may overcome giants; fir…
  trees may be filled with ambitions。 A chair may become a horse; a chest of
  drawers a coach and six; a hearthrug a battlefield; a newspaper a crown of
  gold。 And these are facts which the story…teller must realise; and choose
  and shape the stories accordingly。
  Many an old book; which to a modern grown person may seem prim
  and over…rigid; will be to the child a delight; for him the primness and the
  severity   slip   away;   the   story   remains。   Such   a   book   as   Mrs   Sherwood's
  Fairchild Family is an example of this。 To a grown person reading it for
  the   first   time;   the   loafing   propensities   of   the   immaculate   Mrs   Fairchild;
  who never does a hand's turn of good work for anyone from cover to cover;
  the hard piety; the snobbishness; the brutality of