第 33 节
作者:不受约束      更新:2021-02-25 00:19      字数:9322
  But what can be throughout the universe;
  In divers worlds on divers plan create;
  This only do I show; and follow on
  To assign unto the motions of the stars
  Even several causes which 'tis possible
  Exist throughout the universal All;
  Of which yet one must be the cause even here
  Which maketh motion for our constellations。
  Yet to decide which one of them it be
  Is not the least the business of a man
  Advancing step by cautious step; as I。
  Nor can the sun's wheel larger be by much
  Nor its own blaze much less than either seems
  Unto our senses。 For from whatso spaces
  Fires have the power on us to cast their beams
  And blow their scorching exhalations forth
  Against our members; those same distances
  Take nothing by those intervals away
  From bulk of flames; and to the sight the fire
  Is nothing shrunken。 Therefore; since the heat
  And the outpoured light of skiey sun
  Arrive our senses and caress our limbs;
  Form too and bigness of the sun must look
  Even here from earth just as they really be;
  So that thou canst scarce nothing take or add。
  And whether the journeying moon illuminate
  The regions round with bastard beams; or throw
  From off her proper body her own light;…
  Whichever it be; she journeys with a form
  Naught larger than the form doth seem to be
  Which we with eyes of ours perceive。 For all
  The far removed objects of our gaze
  Seem through much air confused in their look
  Ere minished in their bigness。 Wherefore; moon;
  Since she presents bright look and clear…cut form;
  May there on high by us on earth be seen
  Just as she is with extreme bounds defined;
  And just of the size。 And lastly; whatso fires
  Of ether thou from earth beholdest; these
  Thou mayst consider as possibly of size
  The least bit less; or larger by a hair
  Than they appear… since whatso fires we view
  Here in the lands of earth are seen to change
  From time to time their size to less or more
  Only the least; when more or less away;
  So long as still they bicker clear; and still
  Their glow's perceived。
  Nor need there be for men
  Astonishment that yonder sun so small
  Can yet send forth so great a light as fills
  Oceans and all the lands and sky aflood;
  And with its fiery exhalations steeps
  The world at large。 For it may be; indeed;
  That one vast…flowing well…spring of the whole
  Wide world from here hath opened and out…gushed;
  And shot its light abroad; because thuswise
  The elements of fiery exhalations
  From all the world around together come;
  And thuswise flow into a bulk so big
  That from one single fountain…head may stream
  This heat and light。 And seest thou not; indeed;
  How widely one small water…spring may wet
  The meadow…lands at times and flood the fields?
  'Tis even possible; besides; that heat
  From forth the sun's own fire; albeit that fire
  Be not a great; may permeate the air
  With the fierce hot… if but; perchance; the air
  Be of condition and so tempered then
  As to be kindled; even when beat upon
  Only by little particles of heat…
  Just as we sometimes see the standing grain
  Or stubble straw in conflagration all
  From one lone spark。 And possibly the sun;
  Agleam on high with rosy lampion;
  Possesses about him with invisible heats
  A plenteous fire; by no effulgence marked;
  So that he maketh; he; the Fraught…with…fire;
  Increase to such degree the force of rays。
  Nor is there one sure cause revealed to men
  How the sun journeys from his summer haunts
  On to the mid…most winter turning…points
  In Capricorn; the thence reverting veers
  Back to solstitial goals of Cancer; nor
  How 'tis the moon is seen each month to cross
  That very distance which in traversing
  The sun consumes the measure of a year。
  I say; no one clear reason hath been given
  For these affairs。 Yet chief in likelihood
  Seemeth the doctrine which the holy thought
  Of great Democritus lays down: that ever
  The nearer the constellations be to earth
  The less can they by whirling of the sky
  Be borne along; because those skiey powers
  Of speed aloft do vanish and decrease
  In under…regions; and the sun is thus
  Left by degrees behind amongst those signs
  That follow after; since the sun he lies
  Far down below the starry signs that blaze;
  And the moon lags even tardier than the sun:
  In just so far as is her course removed
  From upper heaven and nigh unto the lands;
  In just so far she fails to keep the pace
  With starry signs above; for just so far
  As feebler is the whirl that bears her on;
  (Being; indeed; still lower than the sun);
  In just so far do all the starry signs;
  Circling around; o'ertake her and o'erpass。
  Therefore it happens that the moon appears
  More swiftly to return to any sign
  Along the Zodiac; than doth the sun;
  Because those signs do visit her again
  More swiftly than they visit the great sun。
  It can be also that two streams of air
  Alternately at fixed periods
  Blow out from transverse regions of the world;
  Of which the one may thrust the sun away
  From summer…signs to mid…most winter goals
  And rigors of the cold; and the other then
  May cast him back from icy shades of chill
  Even to the heat…fraught regions and the signs
  That blaze along the Zodiac。 So; too;
  We must suppose the moon and all the stars;
  Which through the mighty and sidereal years
  Roll round in mighty orbits; may be sped
  By streams of air from regions alternate。
  Seest thou not also how the clouds be sped
  By contrary winds to regions contrary;
  The lower clouds diversely from the upper?
  Then; why may yonder stars in ether there
  Along their mighty orbits not be borne
  By currents opposite the one to other?
  But night o'erwhelms the lands with vasty murk
  Either when sun; after his diurnal course;
  Hath walked the ultimate regions of the sky
  And wearily hath panted forth his fires;
  Shivered by their long journeying and wasted
  By traversing the multitudinous air;
  Or else because the self…same force that drave
  His orb along above the lands compels
  Him then to turn his course beneath the lands。
  Matuta also at a fixed hour
  Spreadeth the roseate morning out along
  The coasts of heaven and deploys the light;
  Either because the self…same sun; returning
  Under the lands; aspires to seize the sky;
  Striving to set it blazing with his rays
  Ere he himself appear; or else because
  Fires then will congregate and many seeds
  Of heat are wont; even at a fixed time;
  To stream together… gendering evermore
  New suns and light。 Just so the story goes
  That from the Idaean mountain…tops are seen
  Dispersed fires upon the break of day
  Which thence combine; as 'twere; into one ball
  And form an orb。 Nor yet in these affairs
  Is aught for wonder that these seeds of fire
  Can thus together stream at time so fixed
  And shape anew the splendour of the sun。
  For many facts we see which come to pass
  At fixed time in all things: burgeon shrubs
  At fixed time; and at a fixed time
  They cast their flowers; and Eld commands the teeth;
  At time as surely fixed; to drop away;
  And Youth commands the growing boy to bloom
  With the soft down and let from both his cheeks
  The soft beard fall。 And lastly; thunder…bolts;
  Snow; rains; clouds; winds; at seasons of the year
  Nowise unfixed; all do come to pass。
  For where; even from their old primordial start
  Causes have ever worked in such a way;
  And where; even from the world's first origin;
  Thuswise have things befallen; so even now
  After a fixed order they come round
  In sequence also。
  Likewise; days may wax
  Whilst the nights wane; and daylight minished be
  Whilst nights do take their augmentations;
  Either because the self…same sun; coursing
  Under the lands and over in two arcs;
  A longer and a briefer; doth dispart
  The coasts of ether and divides in twain
  His orbit all unequally; and adds;
  As round he's borne; unto the one half there
  As much as from the other half he's ta'en;
  Until he then arrives that sign of heaven
  Where the year's node renders the shades of night
  Equal unto the periods of light。
  For when the sun is midway on his course
  Between the blasts of northwind and of south;
  Heaven keeps his two goals parted equally;
  By virtue of the fixed position old
  Of the whole starry Zodiac; through which
  That sun; in winding onward; takes a year;
  Illumining the sky and all the lands
  With oblique light… as men declare to us
  Who by their diagrams have charted well
  Those regions of the sky which be adorned
  With the arranged signs of Zodiac。
  Or else; because in certain parts the air
  Under the lands is denser; the tremulous
  Bright beams of fire do waver tardily;
  Nor easily can penetrate that air
  Nor yet emerge unto their rising…place:
  For this it is that nights in winter time
  Do linger long; ere comes the many…rayed
  Round Badge of the day。 Or else because; as said;
  In alternating seasons of the year
  Fires; now more quick; and now more slow; are wont
  To stream together;… the fires which make the sun
  To rise in some one spot… therefore it is
  That those men seem to speak the truth 'who hold
  A new sun is with each new daybreak born'。
  The moon she possibly doth shine because
  Strook by the rays of sun; and day by day
  May turn unto our gaze her light; the more
  She doth recede from orb of sun; until;
  Facing him opposite across the world;
  She hath wit