第 3 节
作者:敏儿不觉      更新:2021-02-24 22:58      字数:9322
  engaging   speculation。        It   was   brought   to   my   notice   by   Mr Alan   Brock;
  author of By Misadventure and Further Evidence。                     Just how far did the
  use   of   flypapers   by   Flanagan   and   Higgins   for   the   obtaining   of   arsenic
  serve   as   an   example   to   Mrs   Maybrick;   convicted   of   the   murder   of   her
  husband in the same city five years later?
  The     list  of   women       poisoners     in   England     alone    would      stretch
  interminably。       If one were to confine oneself merely to those employing
  arsenic   the   list   would   still   be   formidable。  Mary   Blandy;   who   callously
  slew    her   father   with   arsenic    supplied    her  by   her   lover   at  Henley…on…
  Thames   in   1751;   has   been   a   subject   for   many   criminological   essayists。
  That she has attracted so much attention is probably due to the double fact
  that she was a girl in a very comfortable way of life; heiress to a fortune of
  L10;000;      and   that  contemporary   records        are   full  and   accessible。    But
  there is nothing essentially interesting about her case to make it stand out
  from   others   that   have   attracted   less   notice   in   a   literary   way。  Another
  Mary; of a later date; Edith Mary Carew; who in 1892 was found guilty by
  the Consular Court; Yokohama; of the murder of her husband with arsenic
  and   sugar   of   lead;   was   an   Englishwoman   who   might   have   given   Mary
  Blandy points in several directions。
  When we leave the arsenical…minded and seek for cases where other
  poisons   were   employed   there   is   still   no   lack   of   material。   There   is;   for
  example; the case of Sarah Pearson and the woman Black; who were tried
  at Armagh   in   June   1905   for   the   murder   of   the   old   mother   of   the   latter。
  The   old   woman; Alice   Pearson   (Sarah   was   her   daughter…in…law);   was   in
  possession      of   small   savings;     some    forty   pounds;     which    aroused     the
  cupidity of the younger women。               Their first attempt at murder was with
  metallic mercury。        It rather failed; and the trick was turned by means of
  three…pennyworth of strychnine; bought by Sarah and mixed with the old
  lady's food。      The murder might not have been discovered but for the fact
  that Sarah; who had gone to Canada; was arrested in Montreal for some
  other offence; and made a confession which implicated her husband and
  Black。     A notable point about the case is the amount of metallic mercury
  found in the old woman's body: 296 grainsa record。
  Having regard to the condition of life in which these Irishwomen lived;
  9
  … Page 10…
  SHE STANDS ACCUSED
  there   is   nothing;   to   my   mind;   in   the   fact   that   they   murdered   for   forty
  pounds to make their crime more sordid than that of Mary Blandy。
  Take;   again;   the   case   of   Mary Ansell;   the   domestic   servant;   who;   at
  Hertford Assizes in June 1899; was found guilty of the murder of her sister;
  Caroline; by the administration of phosphorus contained in a cake。                     Here
  the motive for the murder was the insurance made by Ansell upon the life
  of   her   sister;   a   young   woman   of   weak   intellect   confined   in   Leavesden
  Asylum; Watford。         The sum assured was only L22 10s。               If Mary Blandy
  poisoned her father in order to be at liberty to marry her lover; Cranstoun;
  and   to   secure   the   fortune   Cranstoun   wanted   with   her;   wherein   does   she
  shine above Mary Ansell; a murderess who not only poisoned her sister;
  but nearly murdered several of her sister's fellow…inmates of the asylum;
  and    all  for  twenty    odd    pounds?     Certainly      not  in  being    less  sordid;
  certainly not in being more ‘romantic。'
  There is; at root; no case of murder proved and accepted as such which
  does not contain its points of interest for the criminological writer。               There
  is; indeed; many a case; not only of murder but of lesser crime; that has
  failed to attract a lot of attention; but that yet; in affording matter for the
  student   of   crime   and   criminal   psychology;   surpasses   others   which;   very
  often because there has been nothing of greater public moment at the time;
  were boomed by the Press into the prominence of causes celebres。
  There is no need then; after all; for any crime writer who wants to fry a
  modest   basket   of   fish   to   mourn   because   Mr   Roughead;   Mr。   Beaufroy
  Barry; Mr Guy Logan; Miss Tennyson Jesse; Mr Leonard R。 Gribble; and
  others   of   his   estimable   fellows   seem   to   have   swiped   all   the   sole   and
  salmon。      It may be a matter for envy that Mr Roughead; with his uncanny
  skill and his gift in piquant sauces; can turn out the haddock and hake with
  all the delectability of sole a la Normande。             The sigh of envy will merge
  into   an   exhalation   of   joy   over   the  artistry   of   it。 And   one   may   turn;
  wholeheartedly and inspired; to see what can be made of one's own catch
  of gudgeon。
  % III
  ‘‘More deadly than the male。''
  10
  … Page 11…
  SHE STANDS ACCUSED
  Kipling's     line   about   the   female     of  the   species    has   been    quoted;
  particularly as a text for dissertation on the female criminal; perhaps rather
  too often。     There is always a temptation to use the easy gambit。
  It is quite probable that there are moments in a woman's life when she
  does become more deadly than the male。 The probability is one which no
  man of age and experience will lack instance for making a fact。                     Without
  seeking to become profound in the matter I will say this: it is but lightly as
  compared   with   a   man   that   one   need   scratch   a   woman   to   come   on   the
  natural creature。
  Now;   your   natural   creature;   not   inhibited   by   reason;   lives   by   theft;
  murder; and dissimulation。           It lives; even as regards the male; but for one
  purpose: to continue its species。           Enrage a woman; then; or frighten her
  into the natural creature; and she will discard all those petty rules invented
  by the human   male for his advantage over; and his safety from; the less
  disciplined      members      of   the   species。    All    that   stuff   about    ‘honour;'
  ‘Queensberry rules;' ‘playing the game;' and what not will go by the board。
  And she will fight you with tooth and talon; with lies; with blows below
  the beltmetaphorically; of course。
  It may well be that you have done nothing more than hurt her pride
  the    civilized   part  of   her。  But     instinctively    she  will   fight   you   as  the
  mother animal; either potentially or in being。              It will not occur to her that
  she   is   doing   so。   Nor   will   it   occur   to   you。  But   the   fact   that   she  is
  fighting at all will bring it about; for fighting to any female animal means
  defence of her young。          She may not have any young in being。               That does
  not affect the case。       She will fight for the ova she carries; for the ova she
  has yet to develop。        Beyond all reason; deep; instinct deep; within her she
  is the carrier of the race。        This instinct is so profound that she will have
  no   recollection   in   a   crisis   of   the   myriads   of   her   like;   but   will   think   of
  herself as the race's one chance to persist。            Dangerous?        Of course she's
  dangerousas       dangerous      as  Nature!     Just    as  dangerous;      just  as  self…
  centred; as in its small way is that vegetative organism the volvox; which;
  when   food is   scarce   and   the   race   is   threatened;   against   possible need   of
  insemination;   creates   separate   husband   cells   to   starve   in   clusters;   while
  ‘she' hogs all the food…supply for the production of eggs。
  11
  … Page 12…
  SHE STANDS ACCUSED
  This small flight into biology is made merely for the dim light it may
  cast   on   the   Kipling   half…truth。   It   is   not   made   to   explain   why   women
  criminals are more deadly; more cruel; more deeply lost in turpitude; than
  their male   colleagues。      But   it   may  help   to   explain   why  so   many  crime…
  writers; following Lombroso; THINK the female more deadly。
  There is something so deeply shocking in the idea of a woman being
  other    than    kind   and   good;    something      so   antagonistic    to   the  smug
  conceptio