e　up　my　great　deficiencies　when　either　disabled　or　removed。　　A　different　plan　is　formed　and　pursued；　and　I　fear　that　the　great　and　good　man；　though　influenced　by　the　most　excellent　motives；　will　meet　with　a　disappointment。　　However；　God　hath　his　ends；　and　whoever　is　disappointed　He　cannot　be　so。　　My　unbelieving　heart　is　ready　to　suggest　that　the　time　is　not　come；　the　time　that　the　Lord's　house　should　be　built。〃
  The　other　Congregationalists　made　no　sign。　　The　Presbyterians；　with　a　few　noble　exceptions　like　Dr。　Erskine；　whose　Dutch　volume　Carey　had　translated；　denounced　such　movements　as　revolutionary　in　a　General　Assembly　of　Socinianised　〃moderates。〃　　The　Church　of　England　kept　haughtily　or　timidly　aloof；　though　king　and　archbishop　were　pressed　to　send　a　mission。　〃Those　who　in　that　day　sneered　that　England　had　sent　a　cobbler　to　convert　the　world　were　the　direct　lineal　descendants　of　those　who　sneered　in　Palestine　2000　years　ago；　'Is　not　this　the　carpenter？'〃　said　Archdeacon　Farrar　in　Westminster　Abbey　on　6th　March　1887。　　Hence　Fuller's　reference　to　this　time：〃When　we　began　in　1792　there　was　little　or　no　respectability　among　us；　not　so　much　as　a　squire　to　sit　in　the　chair　or　an　orator　to　address　him　with　speeches。　　Hence　good　Dr。　Stennett　advised　the　London　ministers　to　stand　aloof　and　not　commit　themselves。〃
  One　man　in　India　had　striven　to　rouse　the　Church　to　its　duty　as　Carey　had　done　at　home。　　Charles　Grant　had　in　1787　written　from　Malda　to　Charles　Simeon　and　Wilberforce　for　eight　missionaries；　but　not　one　Church　of　England　clergyman　could　be　found　to　go。　　Thirty　years　after；　when　chairman　of　the　Court　of　Directors　and　father　of　Lord　Glenelg　and　Sir　Robert　Grant；　he　wrote：〃I　had　formed　the　design　of　a　mission　to　Bengal：　Providence　reserved　that　honour　for　the　Baptists。〃　　After　all；　the　twelve　village　pastors　in　the　back　parlour　of　Kettering　were　the　more　really　the　successors　of　the　twelve　apostles　in　the　upper　room　of　Jerusalem。
  CHAPTER　III
  INDIA　AS　CAREY　FOUND　IT
  1793
  Tahiti　v。　BengalCarey　and　Thomas　appointed　missionaries　to　BengalThe　farewell　at　LeicesterJohn　Thomas；　first　medical　missionaryCarey's　letter　to　his　fatherThe　Company's　〃abominable　monopoly〃The　voyageCarey's　aspirations　for　world…wide　missionsLands　at　CalcuttaHis　description　of　Bengal　in　1793Contrast　presented　by　Carey　to　Clive；　Hastings；　and　CornwallisThe　spiritual　founder　of　an　Indian　Empire　of　Christian　BritainBengal　and　the　famine　of　1769…70The　Decennial　Settlement　declared　permanentEffects　on　the　landed　classesObstacles　to　Carey's　workEast　India　Company　at　its　worstHindooism　and　the　Bengalees　in　1793Position　of　Hindoo　womenMissionary　attempts　before　Carey'sZiegenbalg　and　SchwartzKiernander　and　the　chaplainsHindooised　state　of　Anglo…Indian　society　and　its　reaction　on　EnglandGuneshan　Dass；　the　first　caste　Hindoo　to　visit　EnglandWilliam　Carey　had　no　predecessor。
  Carey　had　desired　to　go　first　to　Tahiti　or　Western　Africa。　　The　natives　of　North　America　and　the　negroes　of　the　West　Indies　and　Sierra　Leone　were　being　cared　for　by　Moravian　and　Wesleyan　evangelists。　　The　narrative　of　Captain　Cook's　two　first　voyages　to　the　Pacific　and　discovery　of　Tahiti　had　appeared　in　the　same　year　in　which　the　Northampton　churches　began　their　seven　years'　concert　of　prayer；　just　after　his　own　second　baptism。　　From　the　map；　and　a　leather　globe　which　also　he　is　said　to　have　made；　he　had　been　teaching　the　children　of　Piddington；　Moulton；　and　Leicester　the　great　outlines　and　thrilling　details　of　expeditions　round　the　world　which　roused　both　the　scientific　and　the　simple　of　England　as　much　as　the　discoveries　of　Columbus　had　excited　Europe。　　When　the　childlike　ignorance　and　natural　grace　of　the　Hawaiians；　which　had　at　first　fired　him　with　the　longing　to　tell　them　the　good　news　of　God；　were　seen　turned　into　the　wild　justice　of　revenge；　which　made　Cook　its　first　victim；　Carey　became　all　the　more　eager　to　anticipate　the　disasters　of　later　days。　　That　was　work　for　which　others　were　to　be　found。　　It　was　not　amid　the　scattered　and　decimated　savages　of　the　Pacific　or　of　America　that　the　citadel　of　heathenism　was　found；　nor　by　them　that　the　world；　old　and　new；　was　to　be　made　the　kingdom　of　Christ。　　With　the　cautious　wisdom　that　marked　all　Fuller's　action；　though　perhaps　with　the　ignorance　that　was　due　to　Carey's　absence；　the　third　meeting　of　the　new　society　recorded　this　among　other　articles　〃to　be　examined　and　discussed　in　the　most　diligent　and　impartial　mannerIn　what　part　of　the　heathen　world　do　there　seem　to　be　the　most　promising　openings？〃
  The　answer；　big　with　consequence　for　the　future　of　the　East；　was　in　their　hands；　in　the　form　of　a　letter　from　Carey；　who　stated　that　〃Mr。　Thomas；　the　Bengal　missionary；〃　was　trying　to　raise　a　fund　for　that　province；　and　asked　〃whether　it　would　not　be　worthy　of　the　Society　to　try　to　make　that　and　ours　unite　with　one　fund　for　the　purpose　of　sending　the　gospel　to　the　heathen　indefinitely。〃　　Tahiti　was　not　to　be　neglected；　nor　Africa；　nor　Bengal；　in　〃our　larger　plan；〃　which　included　above　four　hundred　millions　of　our　fellowmen；　among　whom　it　was　an　object　〃worthy　of　the　most　ardent　and　persevering　pursuit　to　disseminate　the　humane　and　saving　principles　of　the　Christian　Religion。〃　　If　this　Mr。　Thomas　were　worthy；　his　experience　made　it　desirable　to　begin　with　Bengal。　　Thomas　answered　for　himself　at　the　next　meeting；　when　Carey　fell　upon　his　neck　and　wept；　having　previously　preached　from　the　words〃Behold　I　come　quickly；　and　My　reward　is　with　Me。〃　〃We　saw；〃　said　Fuller　afterwards；　〃there　was　a　gold　mine　in　India；　but　it　was　as　deep　as　the　centre　of　the　earth。　　Who　will　venture　to　explore　it？　'I　will　venture　to　go　down；'　said　Carey；　'but　remember　that　you　（addressing　Fuller；　Sutcliff；　and　Ryland）　must　hold　the　ropes。'　　We　solemnly　engaged　to　him　to　do　so；　nor　while　we　live　shall　we　desert　him。〃
  Carey　and　Thomas；　an　ordained　minister　and　a　medical　evangelist；　were　at　this　meeting　in　Kettering；　on　10th　January　1793；　appointed　missionaries　to　〃the　East　Indies　for　preaching　the　gospel　to　the　heathen；〃　on　〃？00　or　？50　a　year　between　them　all；〃that　is；　for　two　missionaries；　their　wives；　and　four　children；until　they　should　be　able　to　support　themselves　like　the　Moravians。　　As　a　matter　of　fact　they　received　just　？00　in　all　for　the　first　three　years　when　self…support　and　mission　extension　fairly　began。　　The　whole　sum　at　credit　of　the　Society　for　outfit；　passage；　and　salaries　was　？30；　so　that　Fuller's　prudence　was　not　without　justification　when　supported　by　Thomas's　assurances　that　the　amount　was　enough；　and　Carey's　modest　self…sacrifice。　〃We　advised　Mr。　Carey；〃　wrote　Fuller　to　Ryland；　〃to　give　up　his　school　this　quarter；　for　we　must　make　up　the　loss　to　him。〃　　The　more　serious　cost　of　the　passage　was　raised　by　Fuller　and　by　the　preaching　tours　of　the　two　missionaries。　　During　one　of　these；　at　Hull；　Carey　met　the　printer　and　newspaper　editor；　William　Ward；　and　cast　his　mantle　over　him　thus〃If　the　Lord　bless　us；　we　shall　want　a　person　of　your　business　to　enable　us　to　print　the　Scriptures；　I　hope　you　will　come　after　us。〃　　Ward　did　so　in　five　years。
  The　20th　March　1793　was　a　high　day　in　the　Leicester　chapel；　Harvey　Lane；　when　the　missionaries　were　set　apart　like　Barnabas　and　Paula　forenoon　of　prayer；　an　afternoon　of　preaching　by　Thomas　from　Psalm　xvi。　4；　〃Their　sorrows　shall　be　multiplied　that　hasten　after　another　God；〃　an　evening　of　preaching　by　the　treasurer　from　Acts　xxi。　14；　〃And　when　he　would　not　be　persuaded；　we　ceased；　saying；　the　will　of　the　Lord　be　done；〃　and　the　parting　charge　by　Fuller　the　secretary；　from　the　risen　Lord's　own　benediction　and　forthsending　of　His　disciples；　〃Peace　be　unto　you；　as　My　Father　hath　sent　Me；　even　so　send　I　you。〃　　Often　in　after　days　of　solitude　and　reproach　did　Carey　quicken　his　faith　by　reading　the　brave　and　loving　words　of　Fuller　on　〃the　objects　you　must　keep　in　view；　the　directions　you　must　observe；　the　difficulties　you　must　encounter；　the　reward　you　may　expect。〃
  Under　date　four　days　after　we　find　this　entry　in　the　Church　Book〃Mr。　Carey；　our　minister；　left　Leicester　to　go　on　a　mission　to　the　East　Indies；　to　take　and　propagate　the　Gospel　among　those　idolatrous　and　superstitious　heathens。　　This　is　inserted　to　show　his　love　to　his　poor　miserable　fellow…creatures。　　In　this　we　concurred　with　him；　though　it　is　at　the　expense　of　losing　one　whom　we　love　as　our　own　souls。〃　　When　Carey's　preaching　had　so　filled　the　church　that　it　became　necessary　to　build　a　front　gallery　at　a　cost　of　？8；　and　they　had　applied　to　several　other　churches　for　assistance　in　vain；　he　thus　taught　them　to　help　themselves。　　The　minister　and　many　of　the　members　agreed　to　pay　off　the　debt　〃among　ourselves〃　by　weekly　subscriptions；a　process；　however；　which　covered　five　years；　so　poor　were　they。　　Carey　left　this　as　a　parting　lesson　to　home　congregations；　while　his　people　found　it　the　easier　to　pay　the　debt　that　they　had　sacrificed　their　best；　their　own　minister；　to　the　work　of　missions　for　which　he　had　taught　them　to　pray。
  John　Thomas；　four　years　older　than　Carey；　was　a　surgeon；　who　had　made　two　voyages　to　Calcutta　in　the　Oxford　Indiaman；　had　been　of　spiritual　service　to　Charles　Grant；　Mr。　George　Udny；　and　the　Bengal　civilian　circle　at　Malda；　an