第 9 节
作者:北方网      更新:2021-02-24 22:10      字数:9322
  him;    and;   after  some    reflection;    accepted    Christian    baptism    from    the
  venerable man。 In Snorro the story is involved in miracle; rumor; and fable;
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  but   the   fact   itself   seems   certain;   and   is   very  interesting;   the   great;   wild;
  noble soul of fierce Olaf opening to this wonderful gospel of tidings from
  beyond the world; tidings which infinitely transcended all else he had ever
  heard or dreamt of! It seems certain he was baptized here; date not fixable;
  shortly   before   poor   heart…broken   Dunstan's   death;   or   shortly   after;   most
  English      churches;    monasteries      especially;    lying    burnt;   under    continual
  visitation   of   the   Danes。   Olaf   such   baptism  notwithstanding;  did   not   quit
  his viking profession; indeed; what other was there for him in the world as
  yet?
  We mentioned his occasional copartneries with Svein of the Double…
  beard; now become King of Denmark; but the greatest of these; and   the
  alone     interesting    at  this  time;   is  their   joint  invasion     of  England;     and
  Tryggveson's exploits and fortunes there some   years after that adventure
  of baptism in the Scilly Isles。 Svein and he 〃were above a year in England
  together;〃 this time: they steered up the Thames with three hundred ships
  and many fighters; siege; or at least furious assault; of London was their
  first or main enterprise; but it did not succeed。 The Saxon Chronicle gives
  date to   it; A。D。  994;  and names   expressly;  as   Svein's   co…partner;  〃Olaus;
  king of Norway;〃which he was as yet far from being; but in regard to the
  Year of Grace the Saxon Chronicle is to be held indisputable; and; indeed;
  has the field to itself in this matter。 Famed Olaf Tryggveson; seen visibly
  at the siege of London; year 994; it throws a kind of momentary light to us
  over   that   disastrous   whirlpool   of   miseries   and   confusions;   all   dark   and
  painful     to  the  fancy   otherwise!      This   big   voyage     and   furious    siege   of
  London is Svein Double…beard's first real attempt to fulfil that vow of his
  at Father Blue…tooth's   〃funeral   ale;〃   and   conquer   England;which   it   is   a
  pity   he   could   not   yet   do。   Had   London   now   fallen   to   him;   it   is   pretty
  evident all England must have followed; and poor England; with Svein as
  king over it;   been delivered from  immeasurable woes; which   had to last
  some two…and…twenty years farther; before this result could be arrived at。
  But   finding   London   impregnable   for   the   moment   (no   ship   able   to   get
  athwart the bridge; and many  Danes perishing in the attempt to do it by
  swimming); Svein   and Olaf turned   to other   enterprises;   all England   in   a
  manner   lying   open   to   them;   turn   which   way  they   liked。 They  burnt   and
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  plundered over Kent; over Hampshire; Sussex; they stormed far and wide;
  world   lying   all   before   them  where   to   choose。 Wretched   Ethelred;   as   the
  one invention he could fall upon; offered them Danegelt (16;000 pounds
  of silver this year; but it rose in other years as high as 48;000 pounds); the
  desperate Ethelred; a clear method of quenching fire by pouring oil on it!
  Svein and Olaf accepted; withdrew to Southampton;Olaf at least did;till
  the money was got ready。 Strange to think of; fierce Svein of the Double…
  beard; and conquest of England by him; this had at last become the one
  salutary   result    which   remained      for   that  distracted;   down…trodden;      now
  utterly chaotic and anarchic country。 A conquering Svein; followed by an
  ably   and   earnestly   administrative;   as   well   as   conquering;   Knut   (whom
  Dahlmann        compares     to   Charlemagne);       were    thus   by   the  mysterious
  destinies appointed the effective saviors of England。
  Tryggveson; on this occasion; was a good while at Southampton; and
  roamed extensively about; easily victorious over everything; if resistance
  were attempted; but finding little or none; and acting now in a peaceable
  or even friendly capacity。 In the Southampton country he came in contact
  with the then Bishop of Winchester; afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury;
  excellent Elphegus; still dimly decipherable to us as a man of great natural
  discernment;      piety;   and   inborn   veracity;    a  hero…soul;    probably    of  real
  brotherhood with Olaf's own。 He even made court visits to King Ethelred;
  one visit to him at Andover of a very serious nature。 By Elphegus; as we
  can discover; he was introduced into the real depths of the Christian faith。
  Elphegus;   with   due   solemnity   of   apparatus;   in   presence   of   the   king;   at
  Andover;   baptized   Olaf   anew;   and   to   him   Olaf   engaged   that   he   would
  never plunder in England any more; which promise; too; he kept。 In fact;
  not long after; Svein's conquest of England being in an evidently forward
  state; Tryggveson (having made; withal; a great English or Irish marriage;…
  …a   dowager   Princess;   who   had   voluntarily   fallen   in   love   with   him;see
  Snorro for this fine romantic fact!) mainly resided in our island for two or
  three years; or else in Dublin; in the precincts of the Danish Court there in
  the Sister Isle。 Accordingly it was in Dublin; as above noted; that Hakon's
  spy found him; and from the Liffey that his squadron sailed; through the
  Hebrides; through the Orkneys; plundering and baptizing in their strange
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  way; towards such success as we have seen。
  Tryggveson       made     a  stout;   and;   in  effect;   victorious    and    glorious
  struggle   for   himself   as   king。   Daily   and   hourly   vigilant   to   do   so;   often
  enough by soft and even merry methods; for he was a witty; jocund man;
  and had a fine ringing laugh in him; and clear pregnant words ever ready;
  or if soft methods would not serve; then by hard and even hardest he put
  down   a   great   deal   of   miscellaneous   anarchy   in   Norway;   was   especially
  busy against heathenism (devil…worship and its rites): this; indeed; may be
  called the focus and heart of all his royal endeavor in Norway; and of all
  the troubles he now had with his people there。 For this was a serious; vital;
  all…comprehending matter; devil…worship;  a thing not to be tolerated   one
  moment   longer   than   you   could   by   any   method   help!   Olaf's   success   was
  intermittent;   of   varying   complexion;   but   his   effort;   swift   or   slow;   was
  strong and continual; and on the whole he did succeed。 Take a sample or
  two of that wonderful conversion process:
  At one of his first Things he found the Bonders all assembled in arms;
  resolute to the death seemingly; against his proposal and him。 Tryggveson
  said   little;   waited   impassive;   〃What   your   reasons   are;   good   men?〃   One
  zealous Bonder started up in passionate parliamentary eloquence; but after
  a sentence or   two;  broke   down;   one; and then   another;  and still   another;
  and remained all three staring in open…mouthed silence there! The peasant…
  proprietors      accepted    the   phenomenon        as  ludicrous;     perhaps    partly   as
  miraculous withal; and consented to baptism this time。
  On   another   occasion       of   a   Thing;   which   had   assembled   near   some
  heathen   temple   to   meet   him;temple   where   Hakon   Jarl   had   done   much
  repairing;     and    set  up   many     idol   figures    and   sumptuous       ornaments;
  regardless     of   expense;    especially    a  very    big  and    splendid    Thor;   with
  massive gold collar round the neck of him; not the like of it in Norway;
  King Olaf Tryggveson was clamorously invited by the Bonders to step in
  there; enlighten his eyes; and partake of the sacred rites。 Instead of which
  he   rushed   into   the temple   with   his armed   men;   smashed down;  with   his
  own battle…axe; the god Thor; prostrate on the ground at one stroke; to set
  an    example;     and;   in  a  few    minutes;    had   the   whole    Hakon     Pantheon
  wrecked; packing up meanwhile all the gold and preciosities accumulated
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  there (not forgetting Thor's illustrious gold collar; of which we shall hear
  again); and victoriously took the plunder home with him for his own royal
  uses   a