第 26 节
作者:猜火车      更新:2021-02-20 17:38      字数:9322
  of all the phenomena in Spaceland; and the arguments for the existence of
  Solid   things   derivable   from Analogy。   YetI   take   shame   to   be   forced   to
  confess it my brother has not yet grasped the nature of Three Dimensions;
  and frankly avows his disbelief in the existence of a Sphere。
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  Hence I am absolutely destitute of converts; and; for aught that I can
  see;    the   millennial     Revelation      has   been    made     to   me    for   nothing。
  Prometheus up in Spaceland was bound for bringing down fire for mortals;
  but   Ipoor   Flatland     Prometheuslie   here   in   prison   for   bringing      down
  nothing to my countrymen。 Yet I existing the hope that these memoirs; in
  some     manner;     I  know    not   how;    may    find  their   way   to   the  minds    of
  humanity in Some Dimension; and may stir up a race of rebels who shall
  refuse to be confined to limited Dimensionality。
  That   is   the   hope   of   my   brighter   moments。 Alas;   it   is   not   always   so。
  Heavily  weights   on   me   at   times   the   burdensome   reflection that   I   cannot
  honestly  say  I   am   confident   as   to the   exact   shape   of   the   once…seen;   oft…
  regretted     Cube;     and   in   my    nightly    visions    the   mysterious      precept;
  〃Upward; not Northward;〃 haunts me like a soul…devouring Sphinx。 It is
  part of the martyrdom which I endure for the cause of Truth that there are
  seasons of mental weakness; when Cubes and Spheres flit away into the
  background        of   scarce…possible      existences;    when     the   Land     of  Three
  Dimensions seems almost as visionary as the Land of One or None; nay;
  when even this hard wall that bars me from my freedom; these very tablets
  on which I am writing; and all the substantial realities of Flatland itself;
  appear     no   better   than   the  offspring    of  a  diseased     imagination;     or  the
  baseless fabric of a dream。
  ***
  PREFACE TO THE SECOND AND REVISED EDITION; 1884。 BY
  THE EDITOR
  If   my   poor   Flatland   friend   retained   the   vigour   of   mind   which   he
  enjoyed when he began to compose these Memoirs; I should not now need
  to   represent   him  in   this preface;   in  which   he desires;   fully;   to   return   his
  thanks   to   his   readers   and   critics   in   Spaceland;   whose   appreciation   has;
  with unexpected celerity; required a second edition of this work; secondly;
  to apologize for certain errors and misprints (for which; however; he is not
  entirely   responsible);   and;   thirdly;   to   explain   on   or   two   misconceptions。
  But he is not the Square he once was。 Years of imprisonment; and the still
  heavier   burden   of general   incredulity  and   mockery;  have   combined   with
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  the   thoughts   and   notions;   and   much   also   of   the   terminology;   which   he
  acquired during   his short   stay  in spaceland。   He has; therefore;   requested
  me to reply in his behalf to two special objections; one of an intellectual;
  the other of a moral nature。
  The first objection is; that a Flatlander; seeing a Line; sees something
  that must be THICK to the eye as well as LONG to the eye (otherwise it
  would not be visible; if it had not some thickness); and consequently he
  ought (it is argued) to acknowledge that his countrymen are not only long
  and broad; but also (though doubtless to a very slight degree) THICK or
  HIGH。 This objection is plausible; and; to Spacelanders; almost irresistible;
  so that; I confess; when I first heard it; I knew not what to reply。 But my
  poor old friend's answer appears to me completely to meet it。
  〃I admit;〃 said hewhen I mentioned to him this objection 〃I admit
  the truth of your critic's facts; but I deny his conclusions。 It is true that we
  have   really   in   Flatland   a   Third   unrecognized   Dimension   called   ‘height;'
  just   as   it  also   is  true  that   you    have   really    in  Spaceland      a  Fourth
  unrecognized Dimension; called by no name at present; but which I will
  call   ‘extra…height。'   But   we   can   no   more   take   cognizance   of   our   ‘height'
  than you can of your ‘extra…height。' Even Iwho have been in Spaceland;
  and   have   had   the   privilege   of   understanding   for   twenty…four   hours   the
  meaning of   ‘height'even   I cannot now  comprehend it; nor  realize it by
  the sense of sight or by any process of reason; I can but apprehend it by
  faith。
  〃The      reason    is   obvious。     Dimension       implied     direction;     implies
  measurement;        implies    the   more    and   the   less。  Now;    all  our   lines   are
  EQUALLY and INFINITESIMALLY thick (or high; whichever you like);
  consequently; there is nothing in them to lead our minds to the conception
  of   that   Dimension。   No   ‘delicate   micrometer'as   has   been   suggested   by
  one too hasty Spaceland criticwould in the least avail us; for we should
  not know WHAT TO MEASURE; NOR IN WHAT DIRECTION。 When
  we     see    a   Line;    we    see    something      that   is   long    and    BRIGHT;
  BRIGHTNESS; as well as length; is necessary to the existence of a Line;
  if the brightness vanishes; the Line is extinguished。 Hence; all my Flatland
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  friendswhen I talk to them about the unrecognized Dimension which is
  somehow visible in a Linesay; ‘Ah; you mean BRIGHTNESS': and when
  I reply; ‘No; I mean a real Dimension;' they at once retort; ‘Then measure
  it; or tell us in what direction it extends'; and this silences me; for I can do
  neither。 Only yesterday; when the Chief Circle (in other words our High
  Priest)   came   to   inspect   the   State   Prison   and   paid   me   his   seventh   annual
  visit; and when for the seventh time he put me the question; ‘Was I any
  better?' I tried to prove to him that he was ‘high;' as well as long and broad;
  although he did not know it。 But what was his reply? ‘You say I am 〃high〃;
  measure my  〃high…ness〃 and   I will believe you。' What could   I do?   How
  could     I  meet    his   challenge?     I  was    crushed;     and   he   left  the   room
  triumphant。
  〃Does   this   still   seem   strange   to   you?   Then   put   yourself   in   asimilar
  position。   Suppose   a   person   of   the   Fourth   Dimension;   condescending   to
  visit   you;   were   to   say;   ‘Whenever   you   open   your   eyes;   you   see   a   Plane
  (which is of Two Dimensions) and you INFER a Solid (which is of Three);
  but    in  reality   you   also   see   (though    you   do   not   recognize)     a  Fourth
  Dimension; which is not colour nor brightness nor anything of the kind;
  but a true Dimension; although I cannot point out to you its direction; nor
  can you possibly measure it。' What would you say to such a visitor? Would
  not you have him locked up? Well; that is my fate: and it is as natural for
  us Flatlanders to lock up a Square for preaching the Third Dimension; as it
  is for you Spacelanders to lock up a Cube for preaching the Fourth。 Alas;
  how strong a family likeness runs through blind and persecuting humanity
  in all Dimensions! Points; Lines; Squares; Cubes; Extra…Cubes we are all
  liable    to   the   same    errors;    all  alike   the   Slavers     of   our   respective
  Dimensional prejudices; as one of our Spaceland poets has said
  ‘One touch of Nature makes all worlds akin。'〃 (footnote 1)
  On    this   point   the   defence     of  the   Square     seems     to  me    to   be
  impregnable。 I wish I could say that his answer to the second (or moral)
  objection was equally clear and cogent。 It has been objected that he is a
  woman…hater; and as   this objection   has been vehemently  urged by  those
  whom   Nature's   decree   has   constituted   the   somewhat   larger   half   of   the
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  Spaceland race; I should like to remove it; so far as I can honestly do so。
  But the Square is so unaccustomed to the use of the moral terminology of
  Spaceland   that   I   should   be   doing   him   an   injustice   if   I   were   literally   to
  transcribe      his  defence     against     this  charge。     Acting;    therefore;    as   his
  interpreter and summarizer; I gather that in the course of an imprisonment
  of seven years he has himself modified his own personal views; both as
  regards Women and as regards the Isosceles or Lower Class