第 26 节
作者:嘟嘟      更新:2021-02-20 05:57      字数:9322
  sometimes   like   branches   of   roses   or   of   grapes;   sometimes   like   statues;
  sometimes   like   delicate   curtains;   and   I   know   not   what   other   beautiful
  shapes。     I have never seen them; I am sorry to say; and therefore I cannot
  describe them。       But they are all made in the same way; just in the same
  way as those little straight stalactites which you may have seen hanging;
  like icicles; in vaulted cellars; or under the arches of a bridge。              The water
  melts more lime than it can carry; and drops some of it again; making fresh
  limestone      grain   by   grain   as  it  drips  from    the   roof  above;    and   fresh
  84
  … Page 85…
  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  limestone   again   where   it   splashes   on   the   floor   below:      till   if   it   dripped
  long enough; the stalactite hanging from above would meet the stalagmite
  rising   from   below;   and   join   in   one   straight   round   white   graceful   shaft;
  which would seem (but only seem) to support the roof of the cave。                         And
  out   of   that   cavethough   not   always   out   of   the   mouth   of   itwill   run   a
  stream of water; which seems to you clear as crystal; though it is actually;
  like   the   Itchen   at Winchester;  full   of   lime;   so   full of   lime;  that   it   makes
  beds of fresh limestone; which are called travertinewhich you may see in
  Italy; and Greece; and Asia Minor:              or perhaps it petrifies; as you call it;
  the weeds in its bed; like that dropping…well at Knaresborough; of which
  you have often seen a picture。           And the cause is this:         the water is so full
  of   lime;   that   it   is   forced   to   throw   away   some   of   it   upon   everything   it
  touches;   and   so   incrusts   with   stonethough   it   does   not   turn   to   stone
  almost   anything   you   put   in   it。    You   have   seen;   or   ought   to   have   seen;
  petrified moss and birds' nests and such things from Knaresborough Well:
  and now you know a little; though only a very little; of how the pretty toys
  are made。
  Now   if   you   can   imagine   for   yourself   (though   I   suppose   a   little   boy
  cannot) the amount of lime which one of these subterranean rivers would
  carry away; gnawing underground centuries after centuries; day and night;
  summer and winter; then you will not be surprised at the enormous size of
  caverns which may be seen in different parts of the worldbut always; I
  believe;   in    limestone     rock。   You   would       not   be  surprised   (though      you
  would admire them) at the caverns of Adelsberg; in Carniola (in the south
  of Austria; near the top of the Adriatic); which runs; I believe; for miles in
  length; and in the lakes of which; in darkness from its birth until its death;
  lives that strange beast; the Proteus a sort of long newt which never comes
  to perfectionI suppose   for want of   the genial sunlight   which makes   all
  things   grow。     But   he   is   blind;   and   more;   he   keeps   all   his   life   the   same
  feathery gills which newts have when they are babies; and which we have
  so often looked at through the microscope; to see the blood…globules run
  round and round inside。            You would not wonder; either; at the Czirknitz
  Lake;   near   the   same   place;   which   at   certain   times   of   the   year   vanishes
  suddenly through chasms under water; sucking the fish down with it; and
  85
  … Page 86…
  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  after a certain time boils suddenly up again from the depths; bringing back
  with it the   fish; who have   been swimming   comfortably all the   time in   a
  subterranean lake; and bringing back; too (and; extraordinary as this story
  is; there is good reason to believe it true); live wild ducks who went down
  small and unfledged; and come back full…grown and fat; with water… weeds
  and small fish in their stomachs; showing they have had plenty to feed on
  underground。        Butand this is the strangest part of the story; if truethey
  come up unfledged just as they went down; and are moreover blind from
  having been so long in darkness。            After a while; however; folks say their
  eyes get right; their feathers grow; and they fly away like other birds。
  Neither would you be surprised (if you recollect that Madam How is a
  very old lady indeed; and that some of her work is very old likewise) at
  that   Mammoth   Cave   in   Kentucky;   the   largest   cave   in   the   known   world;
  through   which   you   may   walk   nearly   ten   miles   on   end;   and   in   which   a
  hundred miles of gallery have been explored already; and yet no end found
  to   the   cave。  In   it   (the   guides   will   tell   you)   there   are   〃226   avenues;   47
  domes; 8 cataracts; 23 pits; and several rivers;〃 and if that fact is not very
  interesting to you (as it certainly is not to me) I will tell you something
  which   ought   to   interest   you:     that   this   cave   is   so   immensely   old   that
  various kinds   of little   animals;  who have settled themselves in   the outer
  parts of it; have had time to change their shape; and to become quite blind;
  so   that   blind   fathers   and   mothers   have   blind   children;   generation   after
  generation。
  There are blind rats there; with large shining eyes which cannot see
  blind landcrabs; who have the foot…stalks of their eyes (you may see them
  in any crab) still left; but the eyes which should be on the top of them are
  gone。     There are blind fish; too; in the cave; and blind insects; for; if they
  have no use for their eyes in the dark; why should Madam How take the
  trouble to finish them off?
  One more cave I must tell you of; to show you how old some caves
  must be; and then I must stop; and that is the cave of Caripe; in Venezuela;
  which is the most northerly part of South America。 There; in the face of a
  limestone cliff; crested with enormous flowering trees; and festooned with
  those    lovely    creepers    of  which     you   have    seen   a  few    small   ones   in
  86
  … Page 87…
  MADAM HOW AND LADY WHY
  hothouses;   there   opens   an   arch   as   big   as   the   west   front   of   Winchester
  Cathedral; and runs straight in like a cathedral nave for more than   1400
  feet。    Out of it runs a stream; and along the banks of that stream; as far as
  the sunlight strikes in; grow wild bananas; and palms; and lords and ladies
  (as you call them); which are not; like ours; one foot; but many feet high。
  Beyond   that   the   cave   goes   on;  with   subterranean   streams;   cascades;   and
  halls;   no   man   yet   knows   how   far。     A  friend   of   mine   last   year   went   in
  farther; I believe; than any one yet has gone; but; instead of taking Indian
  torches   made   of   bark   and   resin;   or   even   torches   made   of   Spanish   wax;
  such as a brave bishop of those parts used once when he went in farther
  than     any   one    before   him;    he   took   with    him    some    of   that   beautiful
  magnesium light which you have seen often here at home。                          And in one
  place; when he lighted up the magnesium; he found himself in a hall full
  300 feet highhigher far; that is; than the dome of St。 Paul'sand a very
  solemn   thought   it   was   to   him;   he   said;   that   he   had   seen   what   no   other
  human being ever had seen; and that no ray of light had ever struck on that
  stupendous roof in all the ages since the making of the world。                      But if he
  found   out   something   which   he   did   not   expect;   he   was   disappointed   in
  something which he did expect。               For the Indians warned him of a hole in
  the floor which (they told him) was an unfathomable abyss。                       And lo and
  behold; when he turned the magnesium light upon it; the said abyss was
  just about eight feet deep。         But it is no wonder that the poor Indians with
  their little smoky torches should make such mistakes; no wonder; too; that
  they   should   be   afraid   to   enter   far   into   those   gloomy   vaults;   that   they
  should believe that the souls of their ancestors live in that dark cave; and
  that they should say that when they die they will go to the Guacharos; as
  they call the birds that fly with doleful screams out of the cave to feed at
  night; and in again at daylight; to roost and sleep。
  Now;      it  is  these  very    Guacharo      birds   which     are  to  me    the   most
  wonderful part of the story。            The Indians kill and eat th