第 4 节
作者:嘟嘟      更新:2021-02-20 05:57      字数:9322
  sand into furrowed pinnacles and peaks。             You recollect the beautiful place;
  and   how;   when   we   looked   back   down   it   we   saw   between   the   miniature
  mountain   walls   the   bright   blue   sea;   and   heard   it   murmur   on   the   sands
  outside。     So    I  verily   believe   we    might    have   done;    if  we  had    stood
  somewhere at the bottom of this glen thousands of years ago。                   We should
  have     seen   the  sea   in  front   of  us;  or   rather;  an   arm   of   the  sea;   for
  Finchampstead ridges opposite; instead of being covered with farms; and
  woodlands; and purple heath above; would have been steep cliffs of sand
  and clay; just like those you   see at Bournemouth now; andwhat   would
  have spoilt somewhat the beauty of the sightalong the shores there would
  have floated; at least in winter; great blocks and floes of ice; such as you
  might   have   seen   in   the   tideway   at   King's   Lynn   the   winter   before   last;
  growling and crashing; grubbing and ploughing the sand; and the gravel;
  and the mud; and sweeping them away into seas towards the North; which
  are now all fruitful land。        That may seem to you like a dream:               yet it is
  true; and some day; when we have another talk with Madam How; I will
  show even a child like you that it was true。
  But what could change a beautiful Chine like that at Bournemouth into
  a   wide   sloping   glen   like   this   of   Bracknell's   Bottom;   with   a   wood   like
  Coombs'; many acres large; in the middle of it?               Well now; think。       It is a
  capital plan for finding out Madam How's secrets; to see what she might
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  do in one place; and explain by it what she has done in another。                   Suppose
  now; Madam How had orders to lift up the whole coast of Bournemouth
  only  twenty   or   even   ten   feet   higher   out   of   the   sea   than   it   is   now。 She
  could   do   that   easily   enough;   for   she   has   been   doing   so   on   the   coast   of
  South America for ages; she has been doing so this very summer in what
  hasty people would call a hasty; and violent; and ruthless way; though  I
  shall not say so; for I believe that Lady Why knows best。 She is doing so
  now steadily on the west coast of Norway; which is rising quietlyall that
  vast range of mountain wall and iron… bound cliffat the rate of some four
  feet in   a hundred   years;  without   making the   least noise   or   confusion;  or
  even causing an extra ripple on the sea; so light and gentle; when she will;
  can Madam How's strong finger be。
  Now; if the mouth of that Chine at Bournemouth was lifted twenty feet
  out of the sea; one thing would happen;that the high tide would not come
  up any longer; and wash away the cake of dirt at the entrance; as we saw it
  do so often。      But if the mud stopped there; the mud behind it would come
  down   more   slowly;   and   lodge   inside   more   and   more;   till   the   Chine   was
  half   filled…up;   and   only   the  upper   part   of   the   cliffs   continue   to   be   eaten
  away; above the level where the springs ran out。                So gradually the Chine;
  instead of being deep and narrow; would become broad and shallow; and
  instead of hollowing itself rapidly after every shower of rain; as you saw
  the Chine at Bournemouth doing; would hollow itself out slowly; as this
  glen   is   doing   now。    And   one   thing   more   would   happen;when   the   sea
  ceased to gnaw at the foot of the cliffs outside; and to carry away every
  stone and grain of sand which fell from them; the cliffs would very soon
  cease to be cliffs; the rain and the frost would still crumble them down;
  but the dirt that fell would lie at their feet; and gradually make a slope of
  dry land; far out where the shallow sea had been; and their tops; instead of
  being   steep   as   now;   would   become   smooth   and   rounded;   and   so   at   last;
  instead of two sharp walls of cliff at the Chine's mouth; you might have
  just   what   you   have   here   at   the   mouth   of   this   glen;our   Mount   and   the
  Warren   Hill;long   slopes   with   sheets   of   drifted   gravel   and   sand   at   their
  feet; stretching down into what was once an icy sea; and is now the Vale of
  Blackwater。 And   this   I   really   believe   Madam   How   has   done   simply   by
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  lifting Hartford Bridge Flat a few more feet out of the sea; and leaving the
  rest to her trusty tool; the water in the sky。
  That is my guess:       and I think it is a good guess; because I have asked
  Madam How a hundred different questions about it in the last ten years;
  and   she   always   answered   them   in   the   same   way;   saying;   〃Water;   water;
  you stupid man。〃        But I do not want you merely to depend on what I say。
  If   you   want    to  understand    Madam   How;       you    must   ask   her  questions
  yourself;  and   make   up   your   mind   yourself   like   a   man;  instead   of   taking
  things at hearsay or second…hand; like the vulgar。             Mind; by 〃the vulgar〃 I
  do not mean poor people: I mean ignorant and uneducated people; who do
  not use their brains rightly; though they may be fine ladies; kings; or popes。
  The Bible says; 〃Prove all things:           hold fast that which is good。〃         So do
  you prove my guess; and if it proves good; hold it fast。
  And how can I do that?
  First; by direct experiment; as it is called。         In plain English go home
  and make a little Hartford Bridge Flat in the stable…yard; and then ask Mrs。
  How   if   she   will   not   make   a   glen   in   it   like   this   glen   here。 We   will   go
  home and try that。       We will make a great flat cake of clay; and put upon it
  a cap of sand; and then we will rain upon it out of a watering…pot; and see
  if Mrs。 How does not begin soon to make a glen in the side of the heap;
  just like those on Hartford Bridge Flat。           I believe she will; and certainly;
  if she does; it will be a fresh proof that my guess is right。               And then we
  will see whether water will not make glens of a different shape than these;
  if it run over soils of a different kind。          We will make a Hartford Bridge
  Flat turned upside downa cake of sand with a cap of clay on the top; and
  we will rain on that out of our watering…pot; and see what sort of glens we
  make then。       I can guess what they will be like; because I have seen them…
  …steep overhanging cliffs; with very narrow gullies down them:                    but you
  shall try for yourself; and make up your mind whether you think me right
  or   wrong。     Meanwhile;   remember   that   those   gullies   too   will   have   been
  made by water。
  And there is another way of 〃verifying my theory;〃 as it is called; in
  plain   English;   seeing   if   my   guess   holds   good;   that   is;   to   look   at   other
  valleysnot merely the valleys round here; but valleys in clay; in chalk; in
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  limestone; in the hard slate rock such as you saw in Devonshireand see
  whether my guess does not hold good about them too; whether all of them;
  deep   or   shallow;   broad   or   narrow;   rock   or   earth;   may   not   have   been   all
  hollowed   out   by   running   water。       I   am   sure   if   you   would   do   this   you
  would      find  something      to  amuse    you;   and   something      to  instruct   you;
  whenever       you   wish。    I  know     that  I  do。   To    me   the  longest    railroad
  journey; instead of being stupid; is like continually turning over the leaves
  of a wonderful book; or looking at wonderful pictures of old worlds which
  were made and unmade thousands of years ago。                   For I keep looking; not
  only  at   the   railway  cuttings;   where   the   bones   of   the   old   worlds   are   laid
  bare; but at the surface of the ground; at the plains and downs; banks and
  knolls; hills and mountains; and continually asking Mrs。 How what gave
  them each its shape: and I will soon teach you to do the same。                  When you
  do;   I   tell   you   fairly   her   answer   will   be   in   almost   every   case;   〃Running
  water。〃 Either water running when soft; as it usually is; or water running
  when it is hardin plain words; moving ice。
  About that moving ice; which is Mrs。 How's stronger spade; I will tell
  you some other time; and show you; too; the marks of it in every gravel pit
  about her