第 373 节
作者:九米      更新:2021-02-19 21:31      字数:8813
  A foundation virtuous and firm;
  rooted in receptivity;
  is a prerequisite of good leadership;
  and for a life both long and strong。
  He whose virtue knows no limit;
  is most fitting to lead。
  His roots are deep;
  and his life protected
  by his meditative practice;
  as the bark protects the tree。
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  RULING
  To rule a country;
  one must act with care;
  as when frying the smallest fish。
  If actions are approached;
  and carried out in the natural way;
  the power of evil is reduced;
  and so the ruler and the ruled
  are equally protected。
  They will not contrive to harm each other;
  for the virtue of one refreshes the other。
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  HUMILITY
  A great country remains receptive and still;
  as does a rich and fertile land。
  The gentle overcomes the strong
  with stillness and receptivity。
  By giving way to the other;
  one country may conquer another;
  a small country may submit to a large;
  and conquer it; though having no arms。
  Those who conquer must be willing to yield;
  to yield may be to overcome。
  A fertile nation may require a greater population;
  to use its resources to the full;
  whilst the country without such natural wealth
  may require them to meet its people's needs。
  By acting in unity; each may achieve
  that which it requires。
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  SHARING THE TREASURE
  The source of all things is in the Tao。
  It is a treasure for the good;
  and a refuge for all in need。
  Whilst praise can buy titles;
  good deeds gain respect。
  No man should be abandoned
  because he has not found the Tao。
  On auspicious occasions; when gifts are sent;
  rather than sending horses or jade;
  send the teaching of Tao。
  When we first discover the natural way;
  we are happy to know that our misdeeds
  are in the past; where they belong;
  and so are happy to realize
  that we have found a treasure。
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  BEGINNING AND COMPLETING
  Act without contriving;
  work naturally; and taste the tasteless;
  magnify the small; increase the few;
  and reward bitterness with care。
  Seek the simple in the complex;
  and achieve greatness in small things。
  It is the way of nature
  that even difficult things are done with ease;
  and great acts made up of smaller deeds。
  The sage achieves greatness by small deeds multiplied。
  Promises easily made are most easily broken;
  and acting with insufficient care
  causes subsequent trouble。
  The sage confronts problems as they arise;
  so that they do not trouble him。
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  STAYING WITH THE MYSTERY
  If problems are accepted;
  and dealt with before they arise;
  they might even be prevented before confusion begins;
  In this way peace may be maintained。
  The brittle is easily shattered;
  and the small is easily scattered。
  Great trees grow from the smallest shoots;
  a terraced garden; from a pile of earth;
  and a journey of a thousand miles
  begins by taking the initial step。
  He who contrives; defeats his purpose;
  and he who is grasping; loses。
  The sage does not contrive to win;
  and therefore is not defeated;
  he is not grasping; so does not lose。
  It is easy to fail when nearing completion;
  therefore; take care right to the end;
  not only in the beginning。
  The sage seeks freedom from desire;
  not grasping at ideas。
  He brings men back when they are lost;
  and helps them find the Tao。
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  VIRTUOUS GOVERNMENT
  Knowing it is against the Tao
  to try to enforce learning;
  the early sages did not contrive
  to teach the way of the Tao。
  There are two ways of government。
  One is to be cunning; to act with guile;
  and to contrive to cheat the people。
  When this way is used to rule;
  the people grow in cunning;
  and contrive to cheat the ruler。
  The second way to govern the land;
  is to do so without contriving。
  People so governed are truly blessed;
  for they are governed with virtue;
  and virtuous government is fair to all;
  thus leading to unity。
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  LEADING FROM BEHIND
  The sea is the ruler of river and stream;
  because it rules from well beneath。
  The teacher guides his students best;
  by allowing them to lead。
  When the ruler is a sage;
  the people do not feel oppressed;
  they support the one who rules them well;
  and never tire of him。
  He who is non…competitive
  invites no competition。
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  THE THREE PRECIOUS ATTRIBUTES
  Those who follow the natural way
  are different from others in three respects。
  They have great mercy and economy;
  and the courage not to compete。
  From mercy there comes courage;
  from economy; generosity;
  and from humility; willingness to lead from behind。
  It is the way of sickness to shun the merciful;
  and to acclaim only heroic deeds;
  to abandon economy; and to be selfish。
  They are sick; who are not humble;
  but try always to be first。
  Only he who is compassionate
  can show true bravery;
  and in defending; show great strength。
  Compassion is the means by which
  mankind may be guarded and saved;
  for heaven arms with compassion;
  those whom it would not see destroyed。
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  WITHOUT DESIRE
  An effective warrior acts
  not from nihilistic anger;
  nor from desire to kill。
  He who wins should not be vengeful。
  An employer should have humility。
  If we wish for peace and unity;
  our dealings with our fellow man
  must be without desire for self…advantage;
  and carried out without contention。
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  THE USE OF THE MYSTERIOUS TAO
  Arguments may be won by waiting;
  rather than making an aggresive move;
  by withdrawing rather than advancing。
  By moving without appearing to move;
  by not making a show of strength;
  but by conserving it well;
  by capturing without attacking;
  by being armed; but with no weapons;
  great battles may be won。
  Do not underestimate
  those you enjoin in battle;
  for this can result in losing
  what is of greatest value。
  When a battle is enjoined;
  by remembering this;
  the weaker may still win。
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  HIDDEN IDENTITY
  Though the words of the sage are simple;
  and his actions easily performed;
  they are few among many;
  who can speak or act as a sage。
  For the ordinary man it is difficult
  to know the way of a sage;
  perhaps because his words
  are from the distant past;
  and his actions naturally disposed。
  Those who know the way of the sage
  are few and far between;
  but those who treat him with honesty;
  will be honoured by him and the Tao。
  He knows he makes no fine display;
  and wears rough clothes; not finery。
  It is not in his expectancy of men
  that they should understand his ways;
  for he carries his jade within his heart。
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  WITHOUT SICKNESS
  To acknowledge one's ignorance
  shows strength of personality;
  but to ignore wisdom is a sign of weakness。
  To be sick of sickness is a sign of good health;
  therefore the wise man grows sick of sickness;
  and sick of being sick of sickness;
  'til he is sick no more。
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  LOVING THE SELF
  The sage retains a sense of awe; and of propriety。
  He does not intrude into others' homes;
  does not harass them;
  nor interfere without request;
  unless they damage others。
  So it is that they return to him。
  'Though the sage knows himself
  he makes no show of it;
  he has self…respect; but is not arrogant;
  for he develops the ability to let go of that
  which he no longer needs。
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  ACTING WITH A SUFFICIENCY
  A brave man who is passionate
  will either kill or be killed;
  but a man who is both brave and still
  might preserve his own and others' lives。
  No one can say with certainty;
  why it is better to preserve a life。
  The virtuous way is a way to act
  without contriving effort;
  yet; without contriving it overcomes。
  It seldom speaks; and never asks;
  but is answered without a question。
  It is supplied with all its needs
  and is constantly at ease
  because it follows its own plan
  which cannot be understood by man。
  It casts its net both deep and wide;
  and 'though coarse meshed; it misses nothing in the tide。
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  USURPING THE TAO
  If the people are not afraid of death;
  they have no fear of threats of death。
  If early death is common in the land;
  and if death is meted out as punishment;
  the people do not fear to break the law。
  To be the executioner in such a land as this;
  is to be as an unskilled carpenter
  who cuts his hand
  when trying to cut wood。
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  INJURING THROUGH GREED
  When taxes are too heavy;
  hunger lays