第 10 节
作者:这就是结局      更新:2021-02-19 18:29      字数:9322
  biblioklepts; rescued many of the books he stole from dirt and misuse; and
  had them bound royally in purple and gold。                 Also; it may be argued that
  books naturally belong to him who can appreciate them; and if good books
  are in a dull or indifferent man's keeping; this is the sort of slavery which
  we   call   〃unnatural〃   in   our   POLITICS;   and   which   is   not   to   be   endured。
  Shall   we   say;   then;   that   the   Robustious   Philistine   is   the   worse   citizen;
  while the Biblioklept is the worse man?               But this is perhaps matter for a
  separate disquisition。〃
  This   fragment   of   the   lost   Aristotelian   treatise   〃Concerning   Books;〃
  shows what a difficulty the Stagirite had in determining the precise nature
  of the moral offence of the biblioklept。            Indeed; both as a collector and as
  an    intuitive   moralist;    Aristotle   must    have    found    it  rather   difficult  to
  condemn   the   book…thief。        He;   doubtless;   went   on   to   draw   distinctions
  between the man who steals books to sell them again for mere pecuniary
  profit (which he would call 〃chrematistic;〃 or 〃unnatural;〃 book…stealing);
  and the man who steals them because he feels that he is their proper and
  natural possessor。       The same distinction is taken by Jules Janin; who was
  a   more   constant   student   of   Horace   than   of   Aristotle。    In   his   imaginary
  dialogue of bibliophiles; Janin introduces a character who announces the
  death of M。 Libri。        The tolerant person who brings the sad news proposes
  〃to   cast   a   few   flowers   on   the   melancholy   tomb。    He   was   a   bibliophile;
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  after all。    What do you say to it?          Many a good fellow has stolen books;
  and   died   in   grace   at   the   last。〃 〃Yes;〃   replies   the   president   of   the   club;
  〃but the good fellows did not sell the books they stole 。 。 。 Cest une grande
  honte; une grande misere。〃 This Libri was an Inspector…General of French
  Libraries     under    Louis   Philippe。     When      he  was    tried;  in  1848;    it  was
  calculated that the sum of his known thefts amounted to 20;000 pounds。
  Many   of   his   robberies   escaped   notice   at   the   time。    It   is   not   long   since
  Lord Ashburnham; according to a French journal; 〃Le Livre;〃 found in his
  collection some fragments of a Pentateuch。                These relics had been in the
  possession of the Lyons Library; whence Libri stole them in 1847。                        The
  late   Lord Ashburnham   bought   them;   without   the   faintest   idea   of   Libri's
  dishonesty; and when; after eleven years; the present peer discovered the
  proper owners of his treasure; he immediately restored the Pentateuch to
  the Lyons Library。
  Many eminent characters have been biblioklepts。                  When Innocent X。
  was   still   Monsignor   Pamphilio;   he   stole   a   bookso   says   Tallemant   des
  Reauxfrom   Du   Monstier;   the   painter。         The   amusing   thing   is   that   Du
  Monstier himself was a book…thief。              He used to tell how he had lifted a
  book; of which he had long been in search; from a stall on the Pont…Neuf;
  〃but;〃   says   Tallemant   (whom   Janin   does   not   seem   to   have   consulted);
  〃there are many people who don't think it thieving to steal a book unless
  you sell it afterwards。〃        But Du Monstier took a less liberal view where
  his own books were concerned。              The Cardinal Barberini came to Paris as
  legate;   and   brought   in   his   suite   Monsignor   Pamphilio;   who   afterwards
  became   Innocent   X。        The   Cardinal   paid   a   visit   to   Du   Monstier   in   his
  studio;    where     Monsignor      Pamphilio      spied;   on   a  table;  〃L'Histoire     du
  Concile   de   Trent〃the   good   edition;   the   London   one。         〃What   a   pity;〃
  thought   the   young      ecclesiastic;   〃that   such   a  man   should     be;   by   some
  accident;   the   possessor   of   so   valuable   a   book。〃    With   these   sentiments
  Monsignor Pamphilio slipped the work under his soutane。                       But little Du
  Monstier observed him; and said furiously to the Cardinal; that a holy man
  should not bring thieves and robbers in his company。                   With these words;
  and   with   others   of   a   violent   and   libellous   character;   he   recovered     the
  〃History      of  the   Council     of  Trent;〃    and   kicked    out   the   future   Pope。
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  Amelot de la Houssaie traces to this incident the hatred borne by Innocent
  X。   to   the   Crown   and   the   people   of   France。 Another   Pope;   while   only   a
  cardinal; stole a book from Menageso M。 Janin reportsbut we have not
  been     able   to   discover    Menage's      own     account    of   the   larceny。     The
  anecdotist is not so truthful that cardinals need flush a deeper scarlet; like
  the roses in Bion's 〃Lament for Adonis;〃 on account of a scandal resting
  on the authority of Menage。           Among Royal persons; Catherine de Medici;
  according   to   Brantome;   was   a   biblioklept。       〃The   Marshal   Strozzi   had   a
  very     fine   library;   and    after   his  death    the   Queen…Mother         seized    it;
  promising some day to pay the value to his son; who never got a farthing
  of   the   money。〃     The   Ptolemies;   too;   were   thieves   on   a   large   scale。    A
  department   of   the Alexandrian   Library   was   called   〃The   Books   from   the
  Ships;〃 and was filled with rare volumes stolen from passengers in vessels
  that   touched   at   the   port。   True;   the   owners   were   given   copies   of   their
  ancient   MSS。;  but   the   exchange;   as Aristotle   says;   was   an   〃involuntary〃
  one; and not distinct from robbery。
  The great pattern of biblioklepts; a man who carried his passion to the
  most   regrettable   excesses;   was   a   Spanish   priest;   Don   Vincente;   of   the
  convent of Pobla; in Aragon。            When the Spanish revolution despoiled the
  convent   libraries;   Don   Vincente   established   himself   at   Barcelona;   under
  the pillars of Los Encantes; where are the stalls of the merchants of bric…a…
  brac   and   the   seats   of   them   that   sell   books。 In   a   gloomy   den   the   Don
  stored   up   treasures   which   he   hated   to   sell。   Once   he   was   present   at   an
  auction   where   he   was   out…bid   in   the   competition   for   a   rare;   perhaps   a
  unique;   volume。       Three   nights   after   that;   the   people   of   Barcelona   were
  awakened by cries of 〃Fire!〃             The house and shop of the man who had
  bought      〃Ordinacions      per   los  gloriosos     reys   de   Arago〃     were    blazing。
  When the fire was extinguished; the body of the owner of the house was
  found;   with   a   pipe   in   his   blackened   hand;   and   some   money  beside   him。
  Every one said; 〃He must have set the house on fire with a spark from his
  pipe。〃     Time went on; and week by week the police found the bodies of
  slain men; now in the street; now in a ditch; now in the river。 There were
  young men and old; all had been harmless and inoffensive in their lives;
  andall had been bibliophiles。           A dagger in an invisible hand had reached
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  their   hearts   but   the   assassin   had   spared   their   purses;   money;   and   rings。
  An organised search was made in the city; and the shop of Don Vincente
  was examined。         There; in a hidden recess; the police discovered the copy
  of 〃Ordinacions per los gloriosis reys de Arago;〃 which ought by rights to
  have   been   burned   with   the   house   of   its   purchaser。     Don   Vincente   was
  asked how he got the book。             He replied in a quiet voice; demanded that
  his   collection   should   be   made   over   to   the   Barcelona   Library;   and   then
  confessed a long array of crimes。             He had strangled his rival; stolen the
  〃Ordinacions;〃 and   burned   the  house。           The slain   men   were  people   who
  had bought from him books which he really could not bear to part with。
  At his trial his counsel tried to prove that his confession was false; and that
  he might have got his books by honest means。                  It was objected that there
  was in the world only one book printed by Lambert Palmart in 1482; and
  that   the   prisoner   must   have   stolen   this;   the   only   cop