第 4 节
作者:打倒一切      更新:2022-05-05 13:48      字数:9321
  The first class of them as to violence ends thus: the second is
  protracted to the seventh day; the third to the eleventh; the fourth
  to the fourteenth; the fifth to the seventeenth; and the sixth to
  the twentieth。 Thus these periods from the most acute disease ascend
  by fours up to twenty。 But none of these can be truly calculated by
  whole days; for neither the year nor the months can be numbered by
  entire days。 After these in the same manner; according to the same
  progression; the first period is of thirty…four days; the second of
  forty days; and the third of sixty days。 In the commencement of
  these it is very difficult to determine those which will come to a
  crisis after a long interval; for these beginnings are very similar;
  but one should pay attention from the first day; and observe further
  at every additional tetrad; and then one cannot miss seeing how the
  disease will terminate。 The constitution of quartans is agreeable to
  the same order。 Those which will come to a crisis in the shortest
  space of time; are the easiest to be judged of; for the differences of
  them are greatest from the commencement; thus those who are going to
  recover breathe freely; and do not suffer pain; they sleep during
  the night; and have the other salutary symptoms; whereas those that
  are to die have difficult respiration; are delirious; troubled with
  insomnolency; and have other bad symptoms。 Matters being thus; one may
  conjecture; according to the time; and each additional period of the
  diseases; as they proceed to a crisis。 And in women; after
  parturition; the crises proceed agreeably to the same ratio。
  21。 Strong and continued headaches with fever; if any of the
  deadly symptoms be joined to them; are very fatal。 But if without such
  symptoms the pain be prolonged beyond twenty days; a discharge of
  blood from the nose or some abscess in the inferior parts may be
  anticipated; but while the pain is recent; we may expect in like
  manner a discharge of blood from the nose; or a suppuration;
  especially if the pain be seated above the temples and forehead; but
  the hemorrhage is rather to be looked for in persons younger than
  thirty years; and the suppuration in more elderly persons。
  22。 Acute pain of the ear; with continual and strong fever; is to be
  dreaded; for there is danger that the man may become delirious and
  die。 Since; then; this is a hazardous spot; one ought to pay
  particular attention to all these symptoms from the commencement。
  Younger persons die of this disease on the seventh day; or still
  earlier; but old persons much later; for the fevers and delirium
  less frequently supervene upon them; and on that account the ears
  previously come to a suppuration; but at these periods of life;
  relapses of the disease coming on generally prove fatal。 Younger
  persons die before the ear suppurates; only if white matter run from
  the ear; there may be hope that a younger person will recover;
  provided any other favorable symptom be combined。
  23。 Ulceration of the throat with fever; is a serious affection; and
  if any other of the symptoms formerly described as being bad; be
  present; the physician ought to announce that his patient is in
  danger。 Those quinsies are most dangerous; and most quickly prove
  fatal; which make no appearance in the fauces; nor in the neck; but
  occasion very great pain and difficulty of breathing; these induce
  suffocation on the first day; or on the second; the third; or the
  fourth。 Such as; in like manner; are attended with pain; are swelled
  up; and have redness (erythema) in the throat; are indeed very
  fatal; but more protracted than the former; provided the redness be
  great。 Those cases in which both the throat and the neck are red;
  are more protracted; and certain persons recover from them; especially
  if the neck and breast be affected with erythema; and the erysipelas
  be not determined inwardly。 If neither the erysipelas disappear on the
  critical day; nor any abscess form outwardly; nor any pus be spit
  up; and if the patient fancy himself well; and be free from pain;
  death; or a relapse of the erythema is to be apprehended。 It is much
  less hazardous when the swelling and redness are determined outwardly;
  but if determined to the lungs; they superinduce delirium; and
  frequently some of these cases terminate in empyema。 It is very
  dangerous to cut off or scarify enlarged uvulae while they and red and
  large; for inflammations and hemorrhages supervene; but one should try
  to reduce such swellings by some other means at this season。 When
  the whole of it is converted into an abscess; which is called Uva;
  or when the extremity of the variety called Columella is larger and
  round; but the upper part thinner; at this time it will be safe to
  operate。 But it will be better to open the bowels gently before
  proceeding to the operation; if time will permit; and the patient be
  not in danger of being suffocated。
  24。 When the fevers cease without any symptoms of resolution
  occurring; and not on the critical days; in such cases a relapse may
  be anticipated。 When any of the fevers is protracted; although the man
  exhibits symptoms of recovery; and there is no longer pain from any
  inflammation; nor from any other visible cause; in such a case a
  deposit; with swelling and pain; may be expected in some one of the
  joints; and not improbably in those below。 Such deposits occur more
  readily and in less time to persons under thirty years of age; and one
  should immediately suspect the formation of such a deposit; if the
  fever be protracted beyond twenty days; but to aged persons these less
  seldom happen; and not until the fever be much longer protracted。 Such
  a deposit may be expected; when the fever is of a continual type;
  and that it will pass into a quartan; if it become intermittent; and
  its paroxysms come on in an irregular manner; and if in this form it
  approach autumn。 As deposits form most readily in persons below thirty
  years of age; so quartans most commonly occur to persons beyond that
  age。 It is proper to know that deposits occur most readily in
  winter; that then they are most protracted; but are less given to
  return。 Whoever; in a fever that is not of a fatal character; says
  that he has pain in his head; and that something dark appears to be
  before his eyes; and that he has pain at the stomach; will be seized
  with vomiting of bile; but if rigor also attack him; and the
  inferior parts of the hypochondrium are cold; vomiting is still nearer
  at hand; and if he eat or drink anything at such a season; it will
  be quickly vomited。 In these cases; when the pain commences on the
  first day; they are particularly oppressed on the fourth and the
  fifth; and they are relieved on the seventh; but the greater part of
  them begin to have pain on the third day; and are most especially
  tossed on the fifth; but are relieved on the ninth or eleventh; but in
  those who begin to have pains on the fifth day; and other matters
  proceed properly with them; the disease comes to a crisis on the
  fourteenth day。 But when in such a fever persons affected with
  headache; instead of having a dark appearance before their eyes;
  have dimness of vision; or flashes of light appear before their
  eyes; and instead of pain at the pit of the stomach; they have in
  their hypochondrium a fullness stretching either to the right or
  left side; without either pain or inflammation; a hemorrhage from
  the nose is to be expected in such a case; rather than a vomiting。 But
  it is in young persons particularly that the hemorrhage is to be
  expected; for in persons beyond the age of thirty…five; vomitings
  are rather to be anticipated。 Convulsions occur to children if acute
  fever be present; and the belly be they cannot sleep; are agitated;
  and moan; and change color; and become green; livid; or ruddy。 These
  complaints occur most readily to children which are very young up to
  their seventh year; older children and adults are not equally liable
  to be seized with convulsions in fevers; unless some of the
  strongest and worst symptoms precede; such as those which occur in
  frenzy。 One must judge of children as of others; which will die and
  which recover; from the whole of the symptoms; as they have been
  specially described。 These things I say respecting acute diseases; and
  the affections which spring from them。
  25。 He who would correctly beforehand those that will recover; and
  those that will die; and in what cases the disease will be
  protracted for many days; and in what cases for a shorter time; must
  be able to form a judgment from having made himself acquainted with
  all the symptoms; and estimating their powers in comparison with one
  another; as has been described; with regard to the others; and the
  urine and sputa; as when the patient coughs up pus and pus and bile
  together。 One ought also to consider promptly the influx of epidemical
  diseases and the constitution of the season。 One should likewise be
  well acquainted with the particular signs and the other symptoms;
  and not be ignorant how that; in every year; and at every season;
  bad symptoms