第 2 节
作者:打倒一切      更新:2022-05-05 13:48      字数:9321
  in like manner。 Such; then; as are painful; hard; and large;
  indicate danger of speedy death; but such as are soft; free of pain;
  and yield when pressed with the finger; are more chronic than these。
  Swellings in the belly less frequently form abscesses than those in
  the hypochondrium; and seldomest of all; those below the navel are
  converted into suppuration; but you may rather expect a hemorrhage
  from the upper parts。 But the suppuration of all protracted
  swellings about these parts is to be anticipated。 The collections of
  matter there are to be thus judged of: such as are determined outwards
  are the best when they are small; when they protrude very much; and
  swell to a point; such as are large and broad; and which do not
  swell out to a sharp point; are the worst。 Of such as break
  internally; the best are those which have no external communication;
  but are covered and indolent; and when the whole place is free from
  discoloration。 That pus is best which is white; homogeneous; smooth;
  and not at all fetid; the contrary to this is the worst。
  8。 All dropsies arising from acute diseases are bad; for they do not
  remove the fever; and are very painful and fatal。 The most of them
  commence from the flanks and loins; but some from the liver; in
  those which derive their origin from the flanks and loins the feet
  swell; protracted diarrhoeas supervene; which neither remove the pains
  in the flanks and loins; nor soften the belly; but in dropsies which
  are connected with the liver there is a tickling cough; with
  scarcely any perceptible expectoration; and the feet swell; there
  are no evacuations from the bowels; unless such as are hard and
  forced; and there are swellings about the belly; sometimes on the
  one side and sometimes on the other; and these increase and diminish
  by turns。
  9。 It is a bad symptom when the head; hands; and feet are cold;
  while the belly and sides are hot; but it is a very good symptom
  when the whole body is equally hot。 The patient ought to be able to
  turn round easily; and to be agile when raised up; but if he appear
  heavy in the rest of his body as well as in his hands and feet; it
  is more dangerous; and if; in addition to the weight; his nails and
  fingers become livid; immediate death may be anticipated; and if the
  hands and feet be black it is less dangerous than if they be livid;
  but the other symptoms must be attended; to; for if he appear to
  bear the illness well; and if certain of the salutary symptoms
  appear along with these there may be hope that the disease will turn
  to a deposition; so that the man may recover; but the blackened
  parts of the body will drop off。 When the testicles and members are
  retracted upwards; they indicate strong pains and danger of death。
  10。 With regard to sleep… as is usual with us in health; the patient
  should wake during the day and sleep during the night。 If this rule be
  anywise altered it is so far worse: but there will be little harm
  provided he sleep in the morning for the third part of the day; such
  sleep as takes place after this time is more unfavorable; but the
  worst of all is to get no sleep either night or day; for it follows
  from this symptom that the insomnolency is connected with sorrow and
  pains; or that he is about to become delirious。
  11。 The excrement is best which is soft and consistent; is passed at
  the hour which was customary to the patient when in health; in
  quantity proportionate to the ingests; for when the passages are such;
  the lower belly is in a healthy state。 But if the discharges be fluid;
  it is favorable that they are not accompanied with a noise; nor are
  frequent; nor in great quantity; for the man being oppressed by
  frequently getting up; must be deprived of sleep; and if the
  evacuations be both frequent and large; there is danger of his falling
  into deliquium animi。 But in proportion to the ingesta he should
  have evacuations twice or thrice in the day; once at night and more
  copiously in the morning; as is customary with a person in health。 The
  faeces should become thicker when the disease is tending to a
  crisis; they ought to be yellowish and not very fetid。 It is favorable
  that round worms be passed with the discharges when the disease is
  tending to a crisis。 The belly; too; through the whole disease; should
  be soft and moderately distended; but excrements that are very watery;
  or white; or green; or very red; or frothy; are all bad。 It is also
  bad when the discharge is small; and viscid; and white; and
  greenish; and smooth; but still more deadly appearances are the black;
  or fatty; or livid; or verdigris…green; or fetid。 Such as are of
  varied characters indicate greater duration of the complaint; but
  are no less dangerous; such as those which resemble scrapings; those
  which are bilious; those resembling leeks; and the black; these
  being sometimes passed together; and sometimes singly。 It is best when
  wind passes without noise; but it is better that flatulence should
  pass even thus than that it should be retained; and when it does
  pass thus; it indicates either that the man is in pain or in delirium;
  unless he gives vent to the wind spontaneously。 Pains in the
  hypochondria; and swellings; if recent; and not accompanied with
  inflammation; are relieved by borborygmi supervening in the
  hypochondrium; more especially if it pass off with faeces; urine;
  and wind; but even although not; it will do good by passing along; and
  it also does good by descending to the lower part of the belly。
  12。 The urine is best when the sediment is white; smooth; and
  consistent during the whole time; until the disease come to a
  crisis; for it indicates freedom from danger; and an illness of
  short duration; but if deficient; and if it be sometimes passed clear;
  and sometimes with a white and smooth sediment; the disease will be
  more protracted; and not so void of danger。 But if the urine be
  reddish; and the sediment consistent and smooth; the affection; in
  this case; will be more protracted than the former; but still not
  fatal。 But farinaceous sediments in the urine are bad; and still worse
  are the leafy; the white and thin are very bad; but the furfuraceous
  are still worse than these。 Clouds carried about in the urine are good
  when white; but bad if black。 When the urine is yellow and thin; it
  indicates that the disease is unconcocted; and if it (the disease)
  should be protracted; there maybe danger lest the patient should not
  hold out until the urine be concocted。 But the most deadly of all
  kinds of urine are the fetid; watery; black; and thick; in adult men
  and women the black is of all kinds of urine the worst; but in
  children; the watery。 In those who pass thin and crude urine for a
  length of time; if they have otherwise symptoms of convalescence; an
  abscess may be expected to form in the parts below the diaphragm。
  And fatty substances floating on the surface are to be dreaded; for
  they are indications of melting。 And one should consider respecting
  the kinds of urine; which have clouds; whether they tend upwards or
  downwards; and upwards or downwards; and the colors which they have
  and such as fall downwards; with the colors as described; are to be
  reckoned good and commended; but such as are carried upwards; with the
  colors as described; are to be held as bad; and are to be
  distrusted。 But you must not allow yourself to be deceived if such
  urine be passed while the bladder is diseased; for then it is a
  symptom of the state; not of the general system; but of a particular
  viscus。
  13。 That vomiting is of most service which consists of phlegm and
  bile mixed together; and neither very thick nor in great quantity; but
  those vomitings which are more unmixed are worse。 But if that which is
  vomited be of the color of leeks or livid; or black; whatever of these
  colors it be; it is to be reckoned bad; but if the same man vomit
  all these colors; it is to be reckoned a very fatal symptom。 But of
  all the vomitings; the livid indicates the danger of death; provided
  it be of a fetid smell。 But all the smells which are somewhat putrid
  and fetid; are bad in all vomitings。
  14。 The expectoration in all pains about the lungs and sides; should
  be quickly and easily brought up; and a certain degree of yellowness
  should appear strongly mixed up with the sputum。 But if brought up
  long after the commencement of the pain; and of a yellow or ruddy
  color; or if it occasions much cough; or be not strongly mixed; it
  is worse; for that which is intensely yellow is dangerous; but the
  white; and viscid; and round; do no good。 But that which is very green
  and frothy is bad; but if so intense as to appear black; it is still
  more dangerous than these; it is dangerous than these; it is bad; if
  nothing is expectorated; and the lungs discharge nothing; but are
  gorged with matters which boil (as it were) in the air…passages。 It is
  bad when coryza and sneezing either precede or follow affections of
  the lungs; but in all other affections; even the most deadly; sneezing
  is a salutary symptom。 A yellow spittle mixed up with not much blood