object　was　to　gain　the　bridge；　which　was　composed　entirely　of　wood；　and　having　availed　themselves　of　it　in　their　retreat；　to　destroy　it；　and　thus　throw　the　impassable　torrent　of　the　Awe　between　them　and　their　enemies。　　But　their　intention　was　instantly　detected　by　Douglas；　who；　rushing　down　from　the　high　grounds　at　the　head　of　his　archers　and　light…armed　foresters；　attacked　the　body　of　the　mountaineers；　which　had　occupied　the　bridge；　and　drove　them　from　it　with　great　slaughter；　so　that　Bruce　and　his　division；　on　coming　up；　passed　it　without　molestation；　and　this　last　resource　being　taken　from　them；　the　army　of　Lorn　were；　in　a　few　hours；　literally　cut　to　pieces；　whilst　their　chief；　who　occupied　Loch　Eitive　with　his　fleet；　saw；　from　his　ships；　the　discomfiture　of　his　men；　and　found　it　impossible　to　give　them　the　least　assistance。〃TYTLER'S　LIFE　OF　BRUCE。
  Note　9。MASSACRE　OF　GLENCOE。
  The　following　succinct　account　of　this　too　celebrated　event；　may　be　sufficient　for　this　place：
  〃In　the　beginning　of　the　year　1692　an　action　of　unexampled　barbarity　disgraced　the　government　of　King　William　III。　in　Scotland。　　In　the　August　preceding；　a　proclamation　had　been　issued；　offering　an　indemnity　to　such　insurgents　as　should　take　the　oaths　to　the　King　and　Queen；　on　or　before　the　last　day　of　December；　and　the　chiefs　of　such　tribes；　as　had　been　in　arms　for　James；　soon　after　took　advantage　of　the　proclamation。　　But　Macdonald　of　Glencoe　was　prevented　by　accident；　rather　than　design；　from　tendering　his　submission　within　the　limited　time。　In　the　end　of　December　he　went　to　Colonel　Hill；　who　commanded　the　garrison　in　Fort　William；　to　take　the　oaths　of　allegiance　to　the　government；　and　the　latter　having　furnished　him　with　a　letter　to　Sir　Colin　Campbell；　Sheriff　of　the　county　of　Argyll；　directed　him　to　repair　immediately　to　Inverary；　to　make　his　submission　in　a　legal　manner　before　that　magistrate。　　But　the　way　to　Inverary　lay　through　almost　impassable　mountains；　the　season　was　extremely　rigorous；　and　the　whole　country　was　covered　with　a　deep　snow。　　So　eager；　however；　was　Macdonald　to　take　the　oaths　before　the　limited　time　should　expire；　that；　though　the　road　lay　within　half　a　mile　of　his　own　house；　he　stopped　not　to　visit　his　family；　and；　after　various　obstructions；　arrived　at　Inverary。　　The　time　had　elapsed；　and　the　sheriff　hesitated　to　receive　his　submission；　but　Macdonald　prevailed　by　his　importunities；　and　even　tears；　in　inducing　that　functionary　to　administer　to　him　the　oath　of　allegiance；　and　to　certify　the　cause　of　his　delay。　　At　this　time　Sir　John　Dalrymple；　afterwards　Earl　of　Stair；　being　in　attendance　upon　William　as　Secretary　of　State　for　Scotland；　took　advantage　of　Macdonald's　neglecting　to　take　the　oath　within　the　time　prescribed；　and　procured　from　the　King　a　warrant　of　military　execution　against　that　chief　and　his　whole　clan。　　This　was　done　at　the　instigation　of　the　Earl　of　Breadalbane；　whose　lands　the　Glencoe　men　had　plundered；　and　whose　treachery　to　government　in　negotiating　with　the　Highland　clans　Macdonald　himself　had　exposed。　　The　King　was　accordingly　persuaded　that　Glencoe　was　the　main　obstacle　to　the　pacification　of　the　Highlands；　and　the　fact　of　the　unfortunate　chief's　submission　having　been　concealed；　the　sanguinary　orders　for　proceeding　to　military　execution　against　his　clan　were　in　consequence　obtained。　　The　warrant　was　both　signed　and　countersigned　by　the　King's　own　hand；　and　the　Secretary　urged　the　officers　who　commanded　in　the　Highlands　to　execute　their　orders　with　the　utmost　rigour。　　Campbell　of　Glenlyon；　a　captain　in　Argyll's　regiment；　and　two　subalterns；　were　ordered　to　repair　to　Glencoe　on　the　first　of　February　with　a　hundred　and　twenty　men。　　Campbell　being　uncle　to　young　Macdonald's　wife；　was　received　by　the　father　with　all　manner　of　friendship　and　hospitality。　　The　men　were　lodged　at　free　quarters　in　the　houses　of　his　tenants；　and　received　the　kindest　entertainment。　　Till　the　13th　of　the　month　the　troops　lived　in　the　utmost　harmony　and　familiarity　with　the　people；　and　on　the　very　night　of　the　massacre　the　officers　passed　the　evening　at　cards　in　Macdonald's　house。　　In　the　night　Lieutenant　Lindsay；　with　a　party　of　soldiers；　called　in　a　friendly　manner　at　his　door；　and　was　instantly　admitted。　　Macdonald；　while　in　the　act　of　rising　to　receive　his　guest；　was　shot　dead　through　the　back　with　two　bullets。　　His　wife　had　already　dressed；　but　she　was　stripped　naked　by　the　soldiers；　who　tore　the　rings　off　her　fingers　with　their　teeth。　　The　slaughter　now　became　general；　and　neither　age　nor　infirmity　was　spared。　　Some　women；　in　defending　their　children；　were　killed；　boys；　imploring　mercy；　were　shot　dead　by　officers　on　whose　knees　they　hung。　　In　one　place　nine　persons；　as　they　sat　enjoying　themselves　at　table；　were　butchered　by　the　soldiers。　　In　Inverriggon；　Campbell's　own　quarters；　nine　men　were　first　bound　by　the　soldiers；　and　then　shot　at　intervals；　one　by　one。　　Nearly　forty　persons　were　massacred　by　the　troops；　and　several　who　fled　to　the　mountains　perished　by　famine　and　the　inclemency　of　the　season。　　Those　who　escaped　owed　their　lives　to　a　tempestuous　night。　　Lieutenant…Colonel　Hamilton；　who　had　received　the　charge　of　the　execution　from　Dalrymple；　was　on　his　march　with　four　hundred　men；　to　guard　all　the　passes　from　the　valley　of　Glencoe；　but　he　was　obliged　to　stop　by　the　severity　of　the　weather；　which　proved　the　safety　of　the　unfortunate　clan。　Next　day　he　entered　the　valley；　laid　the　houses　in　ashes；　and　carried　away　the　cattle　and　spoil；　which　were　divided　among　the　officers　and　soldiers。〃ARTICLE　〃BRITAIN；〃　ENCYC。　BRITANNICA　NEW　EDITION。
  Note　10。FIDELITY　OF　THE　HIGHLANDERS。
  Of　the　strong；　undeviating　attachment　of　the　Highlanders　to　the　person；　and　their　deference　to　the　will　or　commands　of　their　chiefs　and　superiorstheir　rigid　adherence　to　duty　and　principleand　their　chivalrous　acts　of　self…devotion　to　these　in　the　face　of　danger　and　death；　there　are　many　instances　recorded　in　General　Stewart　of　Garth's　interesting　Sketches　of　the　Highlanders　and　Highland　Regiments；　which　might　not　inaptly　supply　parallels　to　the　deeds　of　the　Romans　themselves；　at　the　era　when　Rome　was　in　her　glory。　　The　following　instances　of　such　are　worthy　of　being　here　quoted：
  〃In　the　year　1795　a　serious　disturbance　broke　out　in　Glasgow　among　the　Breadalbane　Fencibles。　　Several　men　having　been　confined　and　threatened　with　corporal　punishment；　considerable　discontent　and　irritation　were　excited　among　their　comrades；　which　increased　to　such　violence；　that；　when　some　men　were　confined　in　the　guard…house；　a　great　proportion　of　the　regiment　rushed　out　and　forcibly　released　the　prisoners。　　This　violation　of　military　discipline　was　not　to　be　passed　over；　and　accordingly　measures　were　immediately　taken　to　secure　the　ringleaders。　　But　so　many　were　equally　concerned；　that　it　was　difficult；　if　not　impossible；　to　fix　the　crime　on　any；　as　being　more　prominently　guilty。　　And　here　was　shown　a　trait　of　character　worthy　of　a　better　cause；　and　which　originated　from　a　feeling　alive　to　the　disgrace　of　a　degrading　punishment。　　The　soldiers　being　made　sensible　of　the　nature　of　their　misconduct；　and　the　consequent　necessity　of　public　example；　SEVERAL　MEN　VOLUNTARILY　OFFERED　THEMSELVES　TO　STAND　TRIAL；　and　suffer　the　sentence　of　the　law　as　an　atonement　for　the　whole。　　These　men　were　accordingly　marched　to　Edinburgh　Castle；　tried；　and　four　condemned　to　be　shot。　　Three　of　them　were　afterwards　reprieved；　and　the　fourth；　Alexander　Sutherland；　was　shot　on　Musselburgh　Sands。
  〃The　following　semi…official　account　of　this　unfortunate　misunderstanding　was　published　at　the　time：
  〃'During　the　afternoon　of　Monday；　when　a　private　of　the　light　company　of　the　Breadalbane　Fencibles；　who　had　been　confined　for　a　MILITARY　offence；　was　released　by　that　company；　and　some　other　companies；　who　had　assembled　in　a　tumultuous　manner　before　the　guard…house；　no　person　whatever　was　hurt；　and　no　violence　offered；　and　however　unjustifiable　the　proceedings；　it　originated　not　from　any　disrespect　or　ill…will　to　their　officers；　but　from　a　mistaken　point　of　honour；　in　a　particular　set　of　men　in　the　battalion；　who　thought　themselves　disgraced　by　the　impending　punishment　of　one　of　their　number。　　The　men　have；　in　every　respect；　since　that　period　conducted　themselves　with　the　greatest　regularity；　and　strict　subordination。　　The　whole　of　the　battalion　seemed　extremely　sensible　of　the　improper　conduct　of　such　as　were　concerned；　whatever　regret　they　might　feel　for　the　fate　of　the　few　individuals　who　had　so　readily　given　themselves　up　as　prisoners；　to　be　tried　for　their　own　and　others'　misconduct。'
  〃On　the　march　to　Edinburgh　a　circumstance　occurred；　the　more　worthy　of　notice；　as　it　shows　a　strong　principle　of　honour　and　fidelity　to　his　word　and　to　his　officer　in　a　common　Highland　soldier。　　One　of　the　men　stated　to　the　officer　commanding　the　party；　that　he　knew　what　his　fate　would　be；　but　that　he　had　left　business　of　the　utmost　importance　to　a　friend　in　Glasgow；　which　he　wished　to　transact　before　his　death；　that；　as　to　himself；　he　was　fully　prepared　to　meet　his　fate；　but　with　regard　to　his　friend；　he　could　not　die　in　peace　unless　the　business　was　settled；　and　that；　if　the　officer　would　suffer　him　to　return　to　Gla