alluded　to　her；　but　would　never　run　counter　to　her　dictates　without
  ample　reason　for　doing　so：　　in　such　cases　they　would　override　her
  with　due　self…reliance；　and　the　goddess　seldom　punished　them；　for
  they　are　brave；　and　Ydgrun　is　not。　　They　had　most　of　them　a
  smattering　of　the　hypothetical　language；　and　some　few　more　than
  this；　but　only　a　few。　　I　do　not　think　that　this　language　has　had
  much　hand　in　making　them　what　they　are；　but　rather　that　the　fact　of
  their　being　generally　possessed　of　its　rudiments　was　one　great
  reason　for　the　reverence　paid　to　the　hypothetical　language　itself。
  Being　inured　from　youth　to　exercises　and　athletics　of　all　sorts；
  and　living　fearlessly　under　the　eye　of　their　peers；　among　whom
  there　exists　a　high　standard　of　courage；　generosity；　honour；　and
  every　good　and　manly　qualitywhat　wonder　that　they　should　have
  become；　so　to　speak；　a　law　unto　themselves；　and；　while　taking　an
  elevated　view　of　the　goddess　Ydgrun；　they　should　have　gradually
  lost　all　faith　in　the　recognised　deities　of　the　country？　　These
  they　do　not　openly　disregard；　for　conformity　until　absolutely
  intolerable　is　a　law　of　Ydgrun；　yet　they　have　no　real　belief　in　the
  objective　existence　of　beings　which　so　readily　explain　themselves
  as　abstractions；　and　whose　personality　demands　a　quasi…materialism
  which　it　baffles　the　imagination　to　realise。　　They　keep　their
  opinions；　however；　greatly　to　themselves；　inasmuch　as　most　of　their
  countrymen　feel　strongly　about　the　gods；　and　they　hold　it　wrong　to
  give　pain；　unless　for　some　greater　good　than　seems　likely　to　arise
  from　their　plain　speaking。
  On　the　other　hand；　surely　those　whose　own　minds　are　clear　about　any
  given　matter　（even　though　it　be　only　that　there　is　little
  certainty）　should　go　so　far　towards　imparting　that　clearness　to
  others；　as　to　say　openly　what　they　think　and　why　they　think　it；
  whenever　they　can　properly　do　so；　for　they　may　be　sure　that　they
  owe　their　own　clearness　almost　entirely　to　the　fact　that　others
  have　done　this　by　them：　　after　all；　they　may　be　mistaken；　and　if
  so；　it　is　for　their　own　and　the　general　well…being　that　they　should
  let　their　error　be　seen　as　distinctly　as　possible；　so　that　it　may
  be　more　easily　refuted。　　I　own；　therefore；　that　on　this　one　point　I
  disapproved　of　the　practice　even　of　the　highest　Ydgrunites；　and
  objected　to　it　all　the　more　because　I　knew　that　I　should　find　my
  own　future　task　more　easy　if　the　high　Ydgrunites　had　already
  undermined　the　belief　which　is　supposed　to　prevail　at　present。
  In　other　respects　they　were　more　like　the　best　class　of　Englishmen
  than　any　whom　I　have　seen　in　other　countries。　　I　should　have　liked
  to　have　persuaded　half…a…dozen　of　them　to　come　over　to　England　and
  go　upon　the　stage；　for　they　had　most　of　them　a　keen　sense　of　humour
  and　a　taste　for　acting：　　they　would　be　of　great　use　to　us。　　The
  example　of　a　real　gentleman　is；　if　I　may　say　so　without　profanity；
  the　best　of　all　gospels；　such　a　man　upon　the　stage　becomes　a　potent
  humanising　influence；　an　Ideal　which　all　may　look　upon　for　a
  shilling。
  I　always　liked　and　admired　these　men；　and　although　I　could　not　help
  deeply　regretting　their　certain　ultimate　perdition　（for　they　had　no
  sense　of　a　hereafter；　and　their　only　religion　was　that　of　self…
  respect　and　consideration　for　other　people）；　I　never　dared　to　take
  so　great　a　liberty　with　them　as　to　attempt　to　put　them　in
  possession　of　my　own　religious　convictions；　in　spite　of　my　knowing
  that　they　were　the　only　ones　which　could　make　them　really　good　and
  happy；　either　here　or　hereafter。　　I　did　try　sometimes；　being
  impelled　to　do　so　by　a　strong　sense　of　duty；　and　by　my　deep　regret
  that　so　much　that　was　admirable　should　be　doomed　to　ages　if　not
  eternity　of　torture；　but　the　words　stuck　in　my　throat　as　soon　as　I
  began。
  Whether　a　professional　missionary　might　have　a　better　chance　I　know
  not；　such　persons　must　doubtless　know　more　about　the　science　of
  conversion：　　for　myself；　I　could　only　be　thankful　that　I　was　in　the
  right　path；　and　was　obliged　to　let　others　take　their　chance　as　yet。
  If　the　plan　fails　by　which　I　propose　to　convert　them　myself；　I
  would　gladly　contribute　my　mite　towards　the　sending　two　or　three
  trained　missionaries；　who　have　been　known　as　successful　converters
  of　Jews　and　Mahometans；　but　such　have　seldom　much　to　glory　in　the
  flesh；　and　when　I　think　of　the　high　Ydgrunites；　and　of　the　figure
  which　a　missionary　would　probably　cut　among　them；　I　cannot　feel
  sanguine　that　much　good　would　be　arrived　at。　　Still　the　attempt　is
  worth　making；　and　the　worst　danger　to　the　missionaries　themselves
  would　be　that　of　being　sent　to　the　hospital　where　Chowbok　would
  have　been　sent　had　he　come　with　me　into　Erewhon。
  Taking　then　their　religious　opinions　as　a　whole；　I　must　own　that
  the　Erewhonians　are　superstitious；　on　account　of　the　views　which
  they　hold　of　their　professed　gods；　and　their　entirely　anomalous　and
  inexplicable　worship　of　Ydgrun；　a　worship　at　once　the　most
  powerful；　yet　most　devoid　of　formalism；　that　I　ever　met　with；　but
  in　practice　things　worked　better　than　might　have　been　expected；　and
  the　conflicting　claims　of　Ydgrun　and　the　gods　were　arranged　by
  unwritten　compromises　（for　the　most　part　in　Ydgrun's　favour）；　which
  in　ninety…nine　cases　out　of　a　hundred　were　very　well　understood。
  I　could　not　conceive　why　they　should　not　openly　acknowledge　high
  Ydgrunism；　and　discard　the　objective　personality　of　hope；　justice；
  &c。；　but　whenever　I　so　much　as　hinted　at　this；　I　found　that　I　was
  on　dangerous　ground。　　They　would　never　have　it；　returning
  constantly　to　the　assertion　that　ages　ago　the　divinities　were
  frequently　seen；　and　that　the　moment　their　personality　was
  disbelieved　in；　men　would　leave　off　practising　even　those　ordinary
  virtues　which　the　common　experience　of　mankind　has　agreed　on　as
  being　the　greatest　secret　of　happiness。　　〃Who　ever　heard；〃　they
  asked；　indignantly；　〃of　such　things　as　kindly　training；　a　good
  example；　and　an　enlightened　regard　to　one's　own　welfare；　being　able
  to　keep　men　straight？〃　　In　my　hurry；　forgetting　things　which　I
  ought　to　have　remembered；　I　answered　that　if　a　person　could　not　be
  kept　straight　by　these　things；　there　was　nothing　that　could
  straighten　him；　and　that　if　he　were　not　ruled　by　the　love　and　fear
  of　men　whom　he　had　seen；　neither　would　he　be　so　by　that　of　the　gods
  whom　he　had　not　seen。
  At　one　time　indeed　I　came　upon　a　small　but　growing　sect　who
  believed；　after　a　fashion；　in　the　immortality　of　the　soul　and　the
  resurrection　from　the　dead；　they　taught　that　those　who　had　been
  born　with　feeble　and　diseased　bodies　and　had　passed　their　lives　in
  ailing；　would　be　tortured　eternally　hereafter；　but　that　those　who
  had　been　born　strong　and　healthy　and　handsome　would　be　rewarded　for
  ever　and　ever。　　Of　moral　qualities　or　conduct　they　made　no　mention。
  Bad　as　this　was；　it　was　a　step　in　advance；　inasmuch　as　they　did
  hold　out　a　future　state　of　some　sort；　and　I　was　shocked　to　find
  that　for　the　most　part　they　met　with　opposition；　on　the　score　that
  their　doctrine　was　based　upon　no　sort　of　foundation；　also　that　it
  was　immoral　in　its　tendency；　and　not　to　be　desired　by　any
  reasonable　beings。
  When　I　asked　how　it　could　be　immoral；　I　was　answered；　that　if
  firmly　held；　it　would　lead　people　to　cheapen　this　present　life；
  making　it　appear　to　be　an　affair　of　only　secondary　importance；　that
  it　would　thus　distract　men's　minds　from　the　perfecting　of　this
  world's　economy；　and　was　an　impatient　cutting；　so　to　speak；　of　the
  Gordian　knot　of　life's　problems；　whereby　some　people　might　gain
  present　satisfaction　to　themselves　at　the　cost　of　infinite　damage
  to　others；　that　the　doctrine　tended　to　encourage　the　poor　in　their
  improvidence；　and　in　a　debasing　acquiescence　in　ills　which　they
  might　well　remedy；　that　the　rewards　were　illusory　and　the　result；
  after　all；　of　luck；　whose　empire　should　be　bounded　by　the　grave；
  that　its　terrors　were　enervating　and　unjust；　and　that　even　the　most
  blessed　rising　would　be　but　the　disturbing　of　a　still　more　blessed
  slumber。
  To　all　which　I　could　only　say　that　the　thing　had　been　actually
  known　to　happen；　and　that　there　were　several　well…authenticated
  instances　of　people　having　died　and　come　to　life　againinstances
  which　no　man　in　his　senses　could　doubt。
  〃If　this　be　so；〃　said　my　opponent；　〃we　must　bear　it　as　best　we
  may。〃
  I　then　translated　for　him；　as　well　as　I　could；　the　noble　speech　of
  Hamlet　in　which　he　says　that　it　is　the　fear　lest　worse　evils　may
  befall　us　after　death　which　alone　prevents　us　from　rushing　into
  death's　arms。
  〃Nonsense；〃　he　answered；　〃no　man　was　ever　yet　stopped　from　cutting
  his　throat　by　any　such　fears　as　your　poet　ascribes　to　himand　your
  poet　probably　knew　this　perfectly　well。　　If　a　man　cuts　his　throat
  he　is　at　bay；　and　thinks　of　nothing　but　escape；　no　matter　whither；
  provided　he　can　shuffle　off　his　present。　　No。　　Men　are　kept　at
  their　posts；　not　by　the　fear　that　if　they　quit　them　they　may　quit　a
  frying…pan　for　a　fire；　but　by　the　hope　that　if　they　hold　on；　the
  fire　may　burn　less　fiercely。　　'The　respect；'　to　quote　your　poet；
  'that　makes　calamity　of　so　long　a　life；'　is　the　consideration　that
  though　calamity　may　live　long；　the　sufferer　may　live　longer　still。〃
  On　this；　see