第 10 节
作者:雨来不躲      更新:2021-10-16 18:43      字数:9322
  patients during the sickness; and now they came to town again nobody
  cared to employ them。 They were called deserters; and frequently bills
  were set up upon their doors and written; 'Here is a doctor to be let'; so
  that several of those physicians were fain for a while to sit still and
  look about them; or at least remove their dwellings; and set up in new
  places and among new acquaintance。 The like was the case with the
  clergy; whom the people were indeed very abusive to; writing verses
  and scandalous reflections upon them; setting upon the church…door;
  'Here is a pulpit to be let'; or sometimes; 'to be sold'; which was worse。
  It was not the least of our misfortunes that with our infection; when
  it ceased; there did not cease the spirit of strife and contention; slander
  and reproach; which was really the great troubler of the nation's peace
  before。 It was said to be the remains of the old animosities; which had
  so lately involved us all in blood and disorder。 But as the late Act of
  Indemnity had laid asleep the quarrel itself; so the Government had
  recommended family and personal peace upon all occasions to the
  whole nation。
  But it could not be obtained; and particularly after the ceasing of the
  plague in London; when any one that had seen the condition which the
  people had been in; and how they caressed one another at that time;
  promised to have more charity for the future; and to raise no more
  reproaches; I say; any one that had seen them then would have thought
  they would have come together with another spirit at last。 But; I say;
  it could not be obtained。 The quarrel remained; the Church and the
  Presbyterians were incompatible。 As soon as the plague was removed;
  the Dissenting ousted ministers who had supplied the pulpits which
  were deserted by the incumbents retired; they could expect no other
  but that they should immediately fall upon them and harass them with
  their penal laws; accept their preaching while they were sick; and
  persecute them as soon as they were recovered again; this even we
  that were of the Church thought was very hard; and could by no means
  approve of it。
  But it was the Government; and we could say nothing to hinder it;
  we could only say it was not our doing; and we could not answer for it。
  On the other hand; the Dissenters reproaching those ministers of the
  Church with going away and deserting their charge; abandoning the
  people in their danger; and when they had most need of comfort; and
  the like: this we could by no means approve; for all men have not the
  same faith and the same courage; and the Scripture commands us to
  judge the most favourably and according to charity。
  A plague is a formidable enemy; and is armed with terrors that every
  man is not sufficiently fortified to resist or prepared to stand the shock
  against。 It is very certain that a great many of the clergy who were in
  circumstances to do it withdrew and fled for the safety of their lives;
  but 'tis true also that a great many of them stayed; and many of them
  fell in the calamity and in the discharge of their duty。
  It is true some of the Dissenting turned…out ministers stayed; and
  their courage is to be commended and highly valued … but these were
  not abundance; it cannot be said that they all stayed; and that none
  retired into the country; any more than it can be said of the Church
  clergy that they all went away。 Neither did all those that went away go
  without substituting curates and others in their places; to do the
  offices needful and to visit the sick; as far as it was practicable; so
  that; upon the whole; an allowance of charity might have been made
  on both sides; and we should have considered that such a time as this
  of 1665 is not to be paralleled in history; and that it is not the stoutest
  courage that will always support men in such cases。  I had not said
  this; but had rather chosen to record the courage and religious zeal of
  those of both sides; who did hazard themselves for the service of the
  poor people in their distress; without remembering that any failed in
  their duty on either side。  But the want of temper among us has made
  the contrary to this necessary: some that stayed not only boasting too
  much of themselves; but reviling those that fled; branding them with
  cowardice; deserting their flocks; and acting the part of the hireling;
  and the like。  I recommend it to the charity of all good people to look
  back and reflect duly upon the terrors of the time; and whoever does
  so well see that it is not an ordinary strength that could support it。  It
  was not like appearing in the head of an army or charging a body of
  horse in the field; but it was charging Death itself on his pale horse; to
  stay was indeed to die; and it could be esteemed nothing less;
  especially as things appeared at the latter end of August and the
  beginning of September; and as there was reason to expect them at
  that time; for no man expected; and I dare say believed; that the
  distemper would take so sudden a turn as it did; and fall immediately
  two thousand in a week; when there was such a prodigious number of
  people sick at that time as it was known there was; and then it was
  that many shifted away that had stayed most of the time before。
  Besides; if God gave strength to some more than to others; was it to
  boast of their ability to abide the stroke; and upbraid those that had
  not the same gift and support; or ought not they rather to have been
  humble and thankful if they were rendered more useful than their
  brethren?
  I think it ought to be recorded to the honour of such men; as well
  clergy as physicians; surgeons; apothecaries; magistrates; and officers
  of every kind; as also all useful people who ventured their lives in
  discharge of their duty; as most certainly all such as stayed did to the
  last degree; and several of all these kinds did not only venture but lose
  their lives on that sad occasion。
  I was once making a list of all such; I mean of all those professions
  and employments who thus died; as I call it; in the way of their duty;
  but it was impossible for a private man to come at a certainty in the
  particulars。  I only remember that there died sixteen clergymen; two
  aldermen; five physicians; thirteen surgeons; within the city and
  liberties before the beginning of September。  But this being; as I said
  before; the great crisis and extremity of the infection; it can be no
  complete list。  As to inferior people; I think there died six…and…forty
  constables and head…boroughs in the two parishes of Stepney and
  Whitechappel; but I could not carry my list oil; for when the violent
  rage of the distemper in September came upon us; it drove us out of
  all measures。  Men did then no more (lie by tale and by number。  They
  might put out a weekly bill; and call them seven or eight thousand; or
  what they pleased; 'tis certain they died by heaps; and were buried by
  heaps; that is to say; without account。  And if I might believe some
  people; who were more abroad and more conversant with those things
  than I though I was public enough for one that had no more business
  to do than I had; … I say; if I may believe them; there was not many less
  buried those first three weeks in September than 20;000 per week。
  However; the others aver the truth of it; yet I rather choose to keep to
  the public account; seven and eight thousand per week is enough to
  make good all that I have said of the terror of those times; …and it is
  much to the satisfaction of me that write; as well as those that read; to
  be able to say that everything is set down with moderation; and rather
  within compass than beyond it。
  Upon all these accounts; I say; I could wish; when we were
  recovered; our conduct had been more distinguished for charity and
  kindness in remembrance of the past calamity; and not so much a
  valuing ourselves upon our boldness in staying; as if all men were
  cowards that fly from the hand of God; or that those who stay do not
  sometimes owe their courage to their ignorance; and despising the
  hand of their Maker … which is a criminal kind of desperation; and not
  a true courage。
  I cannot but leave it upon record that the civil officers; such as
  constables; head…boroughs; Lord Mayor's and sheriffs'…men; as also
  parish officers; whose business it was to take charge of the poor; did
  their duties in general with as much courage as any; and perhaps with
  more; because their work was attended with more hazards; and lay
  more among the poor; who were more subject to be infected; and in
  the most pitiful plight when they were taken with the infection。  But
  then it must be added; too; that a great number of them died; indeed it
  was scarce possible it should be otherwise。
  I have not said one word here about the physic or preparations that
  we ordinarily made use of on this terrible occasion … I mean we that
  went frequently abroad and up down street; as I did; much of this was
  tal