learned　by　sight　rather　than　by　words；　namely；　food；　drink；　heat；
  cold；　attitude；　medicines；　dry；　liquid；　red；　dark；　white；　sour；　for
  the　ulcers；　and　so　with　regard　to　the　diet。
  Part　37
  Displacements　（of　the　vertebrae）　from　a　fall　rarely　admit　of
  being　rectified；　and　those　above　the　diaphragm　are　most　difficult　to
  rectify。　When　the　accident　happens　to　children；　the　body　does　not
  grow；　with　the　exception　of　the　legs；　the　arms；　and　head。
  Excurvation；
  in　adults；　speedily　relieves　the　individual　from　the　disease　he　is
  laboring　under；　but　in　time　it　renews　its　attack；　with　the　same
  symptoms　as　in　children；　but　of　a　less　serious　nature。　Some
  individuals　have　borne　this　affection　well；　and　have　turned　out　to
  be　brawny　and　fat。　But　few　of　them　have　lived　to　the　age　of　sixty。
  Lateral　curvatures　also　occur；　the　proximate　cause　of　which　is　the
  attitudes　in　which　these　persons　lie。　These　cases　have　their
  prognostics　accordingly。
  Part　38
  The　rule　for　the　reduction　and　adjustment：…The　axle；　the
  lever；　the　wedge；　pressure　above；　the　axle　to　separate；　the　lever　to
  push　aside。　Reduction　and　adjustment　are　to　be　accomplished　by
  forcible　extension；　the　parts　being　placed　in　such　a　position　as
  will　facilitate　the　conveying　of　the　displaced　bone　over　the
  extremity
  of　the　bone　from　which　it　was　displaced：　this　is　to　be　accomplished
  either　with　the　hands；　or　by　suspension；　or　axles；　or　turned　round
  something。　With　the　hands　this　is　to　be　effected　properly；　according
  to　the　structure　of　the　parts。　In　the　case　of　the　wrist　and
  elbow；　the
  parts　are　to　be　forced　asunder；　at　the　wrist　in　the　line　of
  the　elbow；
  and　the　elbow　with　the　fore…arm　at　a　right　angle　with　the
  arm；　as　when
  it　is　suspended　in　a　sling。　When　we　want　to　separate　the　protruding
  bones；　and　force　them　into　place；　in　the　case　of　the　fingers；　the
  toes；　or　the　wrist；　the　proper　separation　may　be　made　by　hands；
  while　the　projecting　part　is　forced　into　its　place　by　pressing　down
  with　the　heel　or　the　palm　of　the　hand　upon　some　resisting　object；
  while　something　moderately　soft　is　laid　under　the　projecting
  part；　but
  nothing　such　under　the　other；　and　then　pressure　is　to　be
  made　backward
  and　downward；　whether　the　dislocation　be　inward　or　outward。
  In　lateral
  displacement；　pressure　and　counter…pressure　must　be　made　on　the
  opposite　sides。　Displacements　forward　can　be　reduced　neither　by
  sneezing；　nor　coughing；　nor　by　the　injection　of　air；　nor　by　the
  cupping…instrument；　and　if　anything　can　do　good　in　such　a　case；　it
  is　extension。　People　are　deceived　in　fractures　of　the　spinal
  processes；　the　pain　of　which　causing　the　patient　to　stoop
  forward；　the
  case　is　taken　for　dislocation　inward；　these　fractures　heal　speedily
  and　easily。　Dislocation　outward　is　to　be　remedied　by　succussion；
  when　high　up；　toward　the　feet；　and　when　situated　low　down；　in　the
  contrary　direction；　the　part　is　to　be　pressed　back　into　its　place；
  either　with　the　foot　or　a　board。　Dislocations　to　either　side；　if
  they　admit　of　any　remedy；　are　to　be　treated　by　extension；
  and　suitable
  attitudes；　with　regimen。　The　whole　apparatus　should　be　broad；　soft；
  and　strong；　or　otherwise；　they　should　be　wrapped　in　rags；
  before　being
  used；　they　should　all　be　prepared　proportionately　to　the　length；
  height；　and　breadth。　In　applying　extension　to　the　thigh；　for
  example；　the　bands　should　be　fastened　at　the　ankle　and　above
  the　knee；
  these　stretching　in　the　same　direction；　another　band　to　be　passed　by
  the　loins；　and　around　the　armpits；　and　by　the　perineum　and　thigh；
  one　end　passing　up　the　breast　and　the　other　along　the　back；　these
  all　stretching　in　the　same　direction　and　being　fastened　either　to　a
  piece　of　wood　resembling　a　pestle　or　to　an　axle。　When　this　is　done
  on　a　couch；　either　of　its　feet　is　to　be　fastened　to　the
  threshold；　and
  a　strong　block　of　wood　is　to　be　laid　across　the　other；　and　the
  pieces　of　wood　resembling　a　pestle　are　to　be　raised　on　these；　to
  make　extension　and　counter…extension；　the　naves　of　a　wheel　are　to　be
  fastened　in　the　floor；　or　a　ladder　is　to　be　adjusted；　so　that
  extension　may　be　made　in　both　directions。　The　thing　commonly
  used　is　a
  bench　six　cubits　long；　two　cubits　broad；　one　fathom　in　thickness；
  having　two　low　axles　at　this　end　and　that；　and　having　at　its　middle
  two　moderate　sized　pillars；　to　which　is　to　be　adjusted　a　transverse
  piece　of　wood　like　the　step　of　a　ladder；　which　is　to　receive
  the　piece
  of　wood　tied　below　the　limb；　as　is　done　in　dislocation　at　the
  shoulder；　and　the　bench　is　to　have　excavations　like　trays；　smooth；
  four　inches　in　breadth　and　depth；　and　at　such　an　interval　as　to
  leave　room　for　the　lever　used　to　reduce　the　limb。　In　the
  middle　of　the
  bench　a　square　hole　is　to　be　scooped　out　to　receive　a　small　pillar；
  which；　being　adjusted　to　the　perineum；　will　obviate　the　tendency　of
  the　body　to　slip　downward；　and　being　rather　loose　may　act　somewhat
  as　a　lever。　In　certain　occasions　a　piece　of　wood　is
  required；　which　is
  inserted　into　a　hole　scooped　out　of　the　wall；　the　other　end　of　it　is
  then　to　be　pressed　down；　something　moderately　soft　being　placed
  under　it。
  Part　39
  In　those　cases　where　the　bone　of　the　palate　has　exfoliated；
  the　nose　sinks　in　its　middle。　In　contusions　of　the　head　without　a
  wound；　either　from　a　fall；　a　fracture；　or　pressure；　in　certain　of
  these　cases　acrid　humors　descend　from　the　head　to　the
  throat；　and　from
  the　wound　in　the　head　to　the　liver　and　thigh。
  Part　40
  The　symptoms　of　subluxations　and　luxations；　and　where；　and
  how；　and　how　much　these　differ　from　one　another。　And　the　cases　in
  which　the　articular　cavity　has　been　broke　off；　and　in　which　the
  ligament　has　been　torn；　and　in　which　the　epiphysis　has　broken　in
  which；　and　how；　when　the　limb　consists　of　two　bones；　one　or　both　are
  broken：　in　consequence　of　these　the　dangers；　chances　in
  which　bad；　and
  when　the　injuries　will　result　in　death；　and　when　in　recovery。　What
  cases　are　to　be　reduced　or　attempted；　and　when；　and　which；　and　when
  not；　the　hopes　and　dangers　in　these　cases。　Which　and　when　congenital
  dislocations　are　to　be　undertaken：　the　parts　in　a　state　of
  growth；　the
  parts　fully　grown；　and　why　sooner；　or　slower：　and　why　a　part　becomes
  maimed；　and　how；　and　how　not：　and　why　a　certain　part　is
  atrophied；　and
  where；　and　how；　and　in　what　cases　to　a　less　extent。　And　why
  fractured　parts　unite　sooner　or　slower；　how　distortions　and
  callosities　form；　and　the　remedy　for　them。　In　what　cases　there　are
  external　wounds；　either　at　first　or　afterwards：　in　what　fractures
  the　bones　are　shortened；　and　in　what　not：　in　what　cases　the
  fractured　bones　protrude；　and　when　they　protrude　most：　in　what　cases
  dislocated　bones　protrude。　That　physicians　are　deceived；　and　by　what
  means；　in　what　they　see；　and　in　what　they　devise；　regarding
  affections；　and　regarding　cures。　Established　rules　with　regard　to
  bandaging：　preparation；　presentation　of　the　part；　extension；
  adjustment；　friction；　bandaging；　suspension　and　placing　of　the　limb；
  attitude；　seasons；　diet。　The　more　porous　parts　heal　fastest；　and
  vice　versa。　Distortions；　where　the　bones　are　crooked。　Flesh　and
  tendons　wasted　on　the　side　of　the　dislocation。　The　force　used　in
  reduction　to　be　applied　at　as　great　a　distance　as　possible　from　the
  seat　of　the　displacement。　Of　nerves　（ligaments？）；　those　which　are　in
  motion　and　in　humidity　（flabby？）　are　of　a　yielding　nature；　those
  that　are　not；　less　so。　In　every　dislocation　the　most　speedy
  reduction　is　best。　Reduction　not　to　be　made　while　the　patient　is　in
  a　febrile　state；　nor　on　the　fourth　or　fifth　day；　and　least　of　all；
  in　those　of　the　elbow；　and　all　cases　which　induce　torpor；　the
  soonest　the　best；　provided　the　inflammatory　stage　be　avoided。　Parts
  torn　asunder；　whether　nerves；　or　cartilages；　or　epiphyses；　or　parts
  separated　at　symphyses；　cannot　possibly　be　restored　to　their　former
  state；　but　callus　is　quickly　formed　in　most　cases；　yet　the　use　of
  the　limb　is　preserved。　Of　luxations；　those　nearest　the
  extremities　are
  least　dangerous。　Those　joints　which　are　most　easily
  dislocated　are　the
  least　subject　to　inflammation。　Those　which　have　been　least　inflamed；
  and　have　not　been　subjected　to　after…treatment；　are　most　liable　to
  be　dislocated　anew。　Extension　should　be　made　in　the　position　most
  calculated　to　enable　the　one　bone　to　clear　the　extremity　of
  the　other；
  attention　being　paid　to　configuration　and　place。　Adjustment
  to　be　made
  in　the　direction　of　the　displacement；　to　push　the　displaced　limb
  straight　backward　and　sideways。　Parts　suddenly　drawn　aside　are　to　be
  suddenly　drawn　back　by　a　rotatory　motion。　Articulations　which　have
  been　oftenest　dislocated　are　the　most　easily　reduced；　the
  cause　is　the
  conformation　of　the　nerves　（ligaments？）　or　of　the　bones；　of　the
  ligaments　that　they　are　long　and　yielding；　and　of　the　bones；　the
  shallowness　of　the　articular　cavity；　and　roundness　of　the
  head　＇of　the
  bone　that　enters　it＇。　Usage；　by　its　friction；　forms　a　new　socket。
  The　cause…the　disposition；　and　habit；　and　age。　A　part　somewhat
  mucous　is　not　subject　to　inflammation。
  Part　41
  In　those　cases　where　there　are　wounds；　either　at　first；　or
  from　protrusion　of　the　bones；　or　afterwards；　from　pruritus；　or
  irritation；　in　the　latter　case　you　are