第 27 节
作者:管他三七二十一      更新:2021-04-30 16:21      字数:9320
  appeared to be figures arranged in lines。 Again I placed it in the
  pan; and suffered it to remain another minute。 Upon taking it off;
  the whole was just as you see it now。〃 Here Legrand; having re…heated
  the parchment; submitted it to my inspection。 The following
  characters were rudely traced; in a red tint; between the
  death's…head and the goat:
  〃53噰?05))6*;4826)4?4?806*;48??0))85;1…(;:*8…83(88)5*?
  ;46(;88*96*?;8)*?;485);5*?:*?;4956*2(5*… 4)8?*;40692
  85);)6?)4;1(?;48081;8:8?;48?5;4)485?28806*81(?;48;
  (88;4(?34;48)4?161;:188;?;〃
  〃But;〃 said I; returning him the slip; 〃I am as much in the dark
  as ever。 Were all the jewels of Golconda awaiting me upon my solution
  of this enigma; I am quite sure that I should be unable to earn
  them。〃
  〃And yet;〃 said Legrand; 〃the solution is by no means so
  difficult as you might be lead to imagine from the first hasty
  inspection of the characters。 These characters; as any one might
  readily guess; form a cipher … that is to say; they convey a meaning;
  but then; from what is known of Kidd; I could not suppose him capable
  of constructing any of the more abstruse cryptographs。 I made up my
  mind; at once; that this was of a simple species … such; however; as
  would appear; to the crude intellect of the sailor; absolutely
  insoluble without the key。〃
  〃And you really solved it?〃
  〃Readily; I have solved others of an abstruseness ten thousand
  times greater。 Circumstances; and a certain bias of mind; have led me
  to take interest in such riddles; and it may well be doubted whether
  human ingenuity can construct an enigma of the kind which human
  ingenuity may not; by proper application; resolve。 In fact; having
  once established connected and legible characters; I scarcely gave a
  thought to the mere difficulty of developing their import。
  〃In the present case … indeed in all cases of secret writing …
  the first question regards the language of the cipher; for the
  principles of solution; so far; especially; as the more simple
  ciphers are concerned; depend upon; and are varied by; the genius of
  the particular idiom。 In general; there is no alternative but
  experiment (directed by probabilities) of every tongue known to him
  who attempts the solution; until the true one be attained。 But; with
  the cipher now before us; all difficulty was removed by the
  signature。 The pun upon the word 'Kidd' is appreciable in no other
  language than the English。 But for this consideration I should have
  begun my attempts with the Spanish and French; as the tongues in
  which a secret of this kind would most naturally have been written by
  a pirate of the Spanish main。 As it was; I assumed the cryptograph to
  be English。
  〃You observe there are no divisions between the words。 Had there
  been divisions; the task would have been comparatively easy。 In such
  case I should have commenced with a collation and analysis of the
  shorter words; and; had a word of a single letter occurred; as is
  most likely; (a or I; for example;) I should have considered the
  solution as assured。 But; there being no division; my first step was
  to ascertain the predominant letters; as well as the least frequent。
  Counting all; I constructed a table; thus:
  Of the character          8 there are    33。
  ;        〃     26。
  4        〃     19。
  ?)        〃     16。
  *        〃     13。
  5        〃     12。
  6        〃     11。
  ?1        〃      8。
  0        〃      6。
  9 2         〃      5。
  : 3        〃      4。
  ?        〃      3。
  ?       〃      2。
  …。       〃      1。
  〃Now; in English; the letter which most frequently occurs is e。
  Afterwards; succession runs thus: _a o i d h n r s t u y c f g l m w
  b k p q x z_。 _E_ predominates so remarkably that an individual
  sentence of any length is rarely seen; in which it is not the
  prevailing character。
  〃Here; then; we leave; in the very beginning; the groundwork for
  something more than a mere guess。 The general use which may be made
  of the table is obvious … but; in this particular cipher; we shall
  only very partially require its aid。 As our predominant character is
  8; we will commence by assuming it as the _e_ of the natural
  alphabet。 To verify the supposition; let us observe if the 8 be seen
  often in couples … for _e_ is doubled with great frequency in English
  … in such words; for example; as 'meet;' '。fleet;' 'speed;' 'seen;'
  been;' 'agree;' &c。 In the present instance we see it doubled no less
  than five times; although the cryptograph is brief。
  〃Let us assume 8; then; as _e_。 Now; of all _words_ in the
  language; 'the' is most usual; let us see; therefore; whether there
  are not repetitions of any three characters; in the same order of
  collocation; the last of them being 8。 If we discover repetitions of
  such letters; so arranged; they will most probably represent the word
  'the。' Upon inspection; we find no less than seven such arrangements;
  the characters being ;48。 We may; therefore; assume that ; represents
  _t_; 4 represents _h_; and 8 represents _e_ … the last being now well
  confirmed。 Thus a great step has been taken。
  〃But; having established a single word; we are enabled to
  establish a vastly important point; that is to say; several
  commencements and terminations of other words。 Let us refer; for
  example; to the last instance but one; in which the combination ;48
  occurs … not far from the end of the cipher。 We know that the ;
  immediately ensuing is the commencement of a word; and; of the six
  characters succeeding this 'the;' we are cognizant of no less than
  five。 Let us set these characters down; thus; by the letters we know
  them to represent; leaving a space for the unknown …
  t eeth。
  〃Here we are enabled; at once; to discard the 'th;' as forming no
  portion of the word commencing with the first t; since; by experiment
  of the entire alphabet for a letter adapted to the vacancy; we
  perceive that no word can be formed of which this _th_ can be a part。
  We are thus narrowed into
  t ee;
  and; going through the alphabet; if necessary; as before; we arrive
  at the word 'tree;' as the sole possible reading。 We thus gain
  another letter; _r_; represented by (; with the words 'the tree' in
  juxtaposition。
  〃Looking beyond these words; for a short distance; we again see
  the combination ;48; and employ it by way of _termination_ to what
  immediately precedes。 We have thus this arrangement:
  the tree ;4(?34 the;
  or; substituting the natural letters; where known; it reads thus:
  the tree thr?3h the。
  〃Now; if; in place of the unknown characters; we leave blank
  spaces; or substitute dots; we read thus:
  the tree thr。。。h the;
  when the word '_through_' makes itself evident at once。 But this
  discovery gives us three new letters; _o_; _u_ and _g_; represented
  by ?? and 3。
  〃Looking now; narrowly; through the cipher for combinations of
  known characters; we find; not very far from the beginning; this
  arrangement;
  83(88; or egree;
  which; plainly; is the conclusion of the word 'degree;' and gives us
  another letter; _d_; represented by ?
  〃Four letters beyond the word 'degree;' we perceive the
  combination
  ;46(;88。
  〃Translating the known characters; and representing the unknown
  by dots; as before; we read thus: th rtee。 an arrangement immediately
  suggestive of the word 'thirteen;' and again furnishing us with two
  new characters; _i_ and _n_; represented by 6 and *。
  〃Referring; now; to the beginning of the cryptograph; we find the
  combination;
  53噰?
  〃Translating; as before; we obtain
  good;
  which assures us that the first letter is _A_; and that the first two
  words are 'A good。'
  〃It is now time that we arrange our key; as far as discovered; in
  a tabular form; to avoid confusion。 It will stand thus:
  5 represents      a
  ?      〃         d
  8       〃         e
  3       〃         g
  4       〃         h
  6       〃         i
  *       〃         n
  ?      〃         o
  (        〃         r
  ;        〃         t
  〃We have; therefore; no less than ten of the most important
  letters represented; and it will be unnecessary to proceed with the
  details of the solution。 I have said enough to convince you that
  ciphers of this nature are readily soluble; and to give you some
  insight into the rationale of their development。 But be assured that
  the specimen before us appertains to the very simplest species of
  cryptograph。 It now only remains to give you the full translation of
  the characters upon t