This　result；　grasped　in　its　positive　aspect；　is　nothing　else　but　the　inner　negativity　of　the
  determinations　as　their　self…moving　soul；　the　principle　of　all　natural　and　spiritual　life。？
  But　if　no　advance　is　made　beyond　the　abstract　negative　aspect　of　dialectic；　the　result　is　only　the
  familiar　one　that　reason　is　incapable　of　knowing　the　infinite；　a　strange　result　for　—　since　the　infinite
  is　the　Reasonable　—　it　asserts　that　reason　is　incapable　of　knowing　the　Reasonable。
  It　is　in　this　dialectic　as　it　is　here　understood；　that　is；　in　the　grasping　of　opposites　in　their　unity　or　of
  the　positive　in　the　negative；　that　speculative　thought　consists。
  It　is　the　most　important　aspect　of　dialectic；　but　for　thinking　which　is　as　yet　unpractised　and　unfree　it
  is　the　most　difficult。　Such　thinking；　if　it　is　still　engaged　in　breaking　itself　of　the　habit　of　employing
  sensuously　concrete　terms　and　of　ratiocination；　must　first　practise　abstract　thinking；　hold　fast
  Notions　in　their　determinateness　and　learn　to　cognise　by　means　of　them。　An　exposition　of　logic　to
  this　end　would；　in　its　method；　have　to　keep　to　the　division　of　the　subject　above…mentioned　and
  with　regard　to　the　more　detailed　contents；　to　the　definitions　given　for　the　particular　Notions　without
  touching　on　the　dialectical　aspect。　As　regards　its　external　'structure；　such　an　exposition　would
  resemble　the　usual　presentation　of　this　science；　but　it　would　also　be　distinguished　from　it　with
  respect　to　the　content　and　still　would　serve　for　practice　in　abstract　thinking；　though　not　in
  speculative　thinking；　a　purpose　which　can　never　be　realised　by　the　logic　which　has　become
  popular　through　the　addition　of　psychological　and　anthropological　material。　It　would　give　to　mind
  the　picture　of　a　methodically　ordered　whole；　although　the　soul　of　the　structure；　the　method　（which
  dwells　in　the　dialectical　aspect）　would　not　itself　appear　in　it。
  Finally；　with　respect　to　education　and　the　relation　of　the　individual　to　logic；　I　would　further　remark
  that　this　science；　like　grammar；　appears　in　two　different　aspects　or　values。　It　is　one　thing　for　him
  who　comes　to　it　and　the　sciences　generally　for　the　first　time；　but　it　is　another　thing　for　him　who
  comes　back　to　it　from　these　sciences。　He　who　begins　the　study　of　grammar　finds　in　its　forms　and
  laws　dry　abstractions；　arbitrary　rules；　in　general　an　isolated　collection　of　definitions　and　terms
  which　exhibit　only　the　value　and　significance　of　what　is　implied　in　their　immediate　meaning；　there　is
  nothing　to　be　known　in　them　other　than　themselves。　On　the　other　hand；　he　who　has　mastered　a
  language　and　at　the　same　time　has　a　comparative　knowledge　of　other　languages；　he　alone　can
  make　contact　with　the　spirit　and　culture　of　a　people　through　the　grammar　of　its　language；　the　same
  rules　and　forms　now　have　a　substantial；　living　value。　Similarly；　he　who　approaches　this　science　at
  first　finds　in　logic　an　isolated　system　of　abstractions　which；　confined　within　itself；　does　not　embrace
  within　its　scope　the　other　knowledges　and　sciences。　。。。
  On　the　contrary；　when　contrasted　with　the　wealth　of　the　world　as　pictorially　conceived；　with　the
  apparently　real　content　of　the　other　sciences；　and　compared　with　the　promise　of　absolute　science
  to　unveil　the　essential　being　of　this　wealth；　the　inner　nature　of　mind　and　the　world；　the　truth；　then
  this　science　in　its　abstract　shape；　in　the　colourless；　cold　simplicity　of　its　pure　determinations　looks
  as　if　it　could　achieve　anything　sooner　than　the　fulfilment　of　its　promise　and　seems　to　confront　that
  richness　as　an　empty；　insubstantial　form。　The　first　acquaintance　with　logic　confines　its　significance
  to　itself　alone；　its　content　passes　only　for　a　detached　occupation　with　the　determinations　of
  thought；　alongside　which　other　scientific　activities　possess　on　their　own　account　a　matter　and
  content　of　their　own；　on　which　logic　may　perhaps　have　a　formal　influence；　though　an　influence
  which　comes　only　from　itself　and　which　if　necessary　can　of　course　also　be　dispensed　with　so　far　as
  the　scientific　structure　and　its　study　are　concerned。
  The　other　sciences　have　on　the　whole　discarded　the　correct　method；　that　is；　a　sequence　of
  definitions；　axioms；　theorems　and　their　proofs；　etc。；　so…called　natural　logic　now　has　its　own　validity
  in　the　sciences　and　manages　to　get　along　without　any　special　knowledge　of　the　nature　of　thought
  itself。　But　the　matter　and　content　of　these　sciences　is　held　to　be　completely　independent　of　logic
  and　also　has　more　appeal　for　sense；　feeling；　figurate　conception；　and　practical　interest　of　any　kind。
  At　first；　therefore；　logic　must　indeed　be　learnt　as　something　which　one　understands　and　sees　into
  quite　well　but　in　which；　at　the　beginning；　one　feels　the　lack　of　scope　and　depth　and　a　wider
  significance。　It　is　only　after　profounder　acquaintance　with　the　other　sciences　that　logic　ceases　to　be
  for　subjective　spirit　a　merely　abstract　universal　an　reveals　itself　as　the　universal　which　embraces
  within　itself　the　wealth　of　the　particular　—　just　as　the　same　proverb；　in　the　mouth　of　a　youth　who
  understands　it　quite　well；　does　not　possess　the　wide　range　of　meaning　which　it　has　in　the　mind　of　a
  man　with　the　experience　of　a　lifetime　behind　him；　for　who；　the　meaning　is　expressed　in　all　its
  power。　Thus　the　value　of　logic　is　only　apprehended　when　it　is　preceded　by　experience　of　the
  sciences；　it　then　displays　itself　to　mind　as　the　universal　truth；　not　as　a　particular　knowledge
  alongside　other　matters　and　realities；　but　as　the　essential　being　of　all　these　latter。　？
  Now　although　the　mind　is　not　conscious　of　this　power　of　logic　at　the　beginning　of　its　study；　it　none
  the　less　receives　within　itself　through　such　study　the　power　which　leads　it　into　all　truth。　The　system
  of　logic　is　the　realm　of　shadows；　the　world　of　simple　essentialities　freed　from　all　sensuous
  concreteness。　The　study　of　this　science；　to　dwell　and　labour　in　this　shadowy　realm；　is　the　absolute
  culture　and　discipline　of　consciousness。　In　logic；　consciousness　is　busy　with　something　remote
  from　sensuous　intuitions　and　aims；　from　feelings；　from　the　merely　imagined　world　of　figurate
  conception。　Considered　from　its　negative　aspect；　this　business　consists　in　holding　off　the
  contingency　of　ordinary　thinking　and　the　arbitrary　selection　of　particular　grounds　—　or　their
  opposites　—　as　valid。
  But　above　all；　thought　acquires　thereby　self…reliance　and　independence。　It　becomes　at　home　in
  abstractions　and　in　progressing　by　means　of　Notions　free　from　sensuous　substrata；　develops　an
  unsuspected　power　of　assimilating　in　rational　form　all　the　various　knowledges　and　sciences　in　their
  complex　variety；　of　grasping　and　retaining　them　in　their　essential　character；　stripping　them　of　their
  external　features　and　in　this　way　extracting　from　them　the　logical　element；　or　what　is　the　same
  thing；　filling　the　abstract　basis　of　Logic　acquired　by　study　with　the　substantial　content　of　absolute
  truth　and　giving　it　the　value　of　a　universal　which　no　longer　stands　as　a　particular　alongside　other
  particulars　but　includes　them　all　within　its　grasp　and　is　their　essence；　the　absolutely　True。
  GENERAL　DIVISION　OF　LOGIC
  From　what　has　been　said　about　the　Notion　of　this　science　and　where　its　justification　is　to　be
  found；　it　follows　that　the　general　division　of　it　here　can　only　be　provisional；　can　be　given；　as　it
  were；　only　in　so　far　as　the　author　is　already　familiar　with　the　science　and　consequently　is
  historically　in　a　position　to　state　here　in　advance　the　main　distinctions　which　will　emerge　in　the
  development　of　the　Notion。
  Still；　the　attempt　can　be　made　to　promote　an　understanding　beforehand　of　what　is　requisite　for
  such　a　division；　even　though　in　doing　so　we　must　have　recourse　to　an　application　of　the　method
  which　will　only　be　fully　understood　and　justified　within　the　science　itself。　We　must　therefore　point
  out　at　the　start　that　we　are　presupposing　that　the　division　must　be　connected　with　the　Notion；　or
  rather　must　be　implicit　in　the　Notion　itself。　The　Notion　is　not　indeterminate　but　is　in　its　own　self
  determinate；　the　division；　however；　expresses　this　its　determinateness　as　developed；　it　is　the
  judgement　of　the　Notion；　not　a　judgement　about　some　object　or　other　picked　up　from　outside；
  but　the　judging；　that　is；　determining；　of　the　Notion　in　its　own　self。
  The　quality　of　being　right…angled；　acute…angled　or　equilateral；　according　to　which　triangles　are
  classified；　is　not　implicit　in　the　determinateness　of　the　triangle　itself；　that　is；　not　in　what　is　usually
  called　the　Notion　of　the　triangle；　just　as　little　as　there　is　implicit　in　what　passes　for　the　Notion　of
  animal　as　such；　or　of　the　mammal；　bird；　etc。　the　determinations　governing　the　classification　into
  mammal；　bird；　etc。；　and　the　subdivision　of　these　classes　into　other　species。　Such　determinations
  are　taken　from　elsewhere　and　are　annexed　to　such　so…called　Notion　from　outside。　In　the
  philosophical　treatment　of　classification　or　division；　the　Notion　itself　must　show　that　it　is　itself　the
  course　of　those　determinations。
  But　in　the　Introduction；　the　Notion　of　logic　was　itself　stated　to　be　the　result　of　a　preceding　science；
  and　so　here；　too；　it　is　a　presupposition。　In　accord