e　of　Travaile　into　Virginia；〃　hastily　read；　may　have　misled　some　writers。　　He　speaks　of　an　expedition　southward；　〃to　some　parts　of　Chawonock　and　the　Mangoangs；　to　search　them　there　left　by　Sir　Walter　Raleigh。〃　　But　his　further　sketch　of　the　various　prior　expeditions　shows　that　he　meant　to　speak　of　settlers　left　by　Sir　Ralph　Lane　and　other　agents　of　Raleigh　in　colonization。　　Sir　Walter　Raleigh　never　saw　any　portion　of　the　coast　of　the　United　States。
  In　1592　he　planned　an　attack　upon　the　Spanish　possessions　of　Panama；　but　his　plans　were　frustrated。　　His　only　personal　expedition　to　the　New　World　was　that　to　Guana　in　1595。
  The　expedition　of　Captain　Amadas　and　Captain　Barlow　is　described　by　Captain　Smith　in　his　compilation　called　the　〃General　Historie；〃　and　by　Mr。　Strachey。　　They　set　sail　April　27；　1584；　from　the　Thames。　　On　the　2d　of　July　they　fell　with　the　coast　of　Florida　in　shoal　water；　〃where　they　felt　a　most　delicate　sweet　smell；〃　but　saw　no　land。　Presently　land　appeared；　which　they　took　to　be　the　continent；　and　coasted　along　to　the　northward　a　hundred　and　thirty　miles　before　finding　a　harbor。　　Entering　the　first　opening；　they　landed　on　what　proved　to　be　the　Island　of　Roanoke。　　The　landing…place　was　sandy　and　low；　but　so　productive　of　grapes　or　vines　overrunning　everything；　that　the　very　surge　of　the　sea　sometimes　overflowed　them。　　The　tallest　and　reddest　cedars　in　the　world　grew　there；　with　pines；　cypresses；　and　other　trees；　and　in　the　woods　plenty　of　deer；　conies；　and　fowls　in　incredible　abundance。
  After　a　few　days　the　natives　came　off　in　boats　to　visit　them；　proper　people　and　civil　in　their　behavior；　bringing　with　them　the　King's　brother；　Granganameo　（Quangimino；　says　Strachey）。　　The　name　of　the　King　was　Winginia；　and　of　the　country　Wingandacoa。　　The　name　of　this　King　might　have　suggested　that　of　Virginia　as　the　title　of　the　new　possession；　but　for　the　superior　claim　of　the　Virgin　Queen。　Granganameo　was　a　friendly　savage　who　liked　to　trade。　　The　first　thing　he　took　a　fancy　was　a　pewter　dish；　and　he　made　a　hole　through　it　and　hung　it　about　his　neck　for　a　breastplate。　　The　liberal　Christians　sold　it　to　him　for　the　low　price　of　twenty　deer…skins；　worth　twenty　crowns；　and　they　also　let　him　have　a　copper　kettle　for　fifty　skins。　　They　drove　a　lively　traffic　with　the　savages　for　much　of　such　〃truck；〃　and　the　chief　came　on　board　and　ate　and　drank　merrily　with　the　strangers。　　His　wife　and　children；　short　of　stature　but　well…formed　and　bashful；　also　paid　them　a　visit。　　She　wore　a　long　coat　of　leather；　with　a　piece　of　leather　about　her　loins；　around　her　forehead　a　band　of　white　coral；　and　from　her　ears　bracelets　of　pearls　of　the　bigness　of　great　peas　hung　down　to　her　middle。　　The　other　women　wore　pendants　of　copper；　as　did　the　children；　five　or　six　in　an　ear。　　The　boats　of　these　savages　were　hollowed　trunks　of　trees。　Nothing　could　exceed　the　kindness　and　trustfulness　the　Indians　exhibited　towards　their　visitors。　　They　kept　them　supplied　with　game　and　fruits；　and　when　a　party　made　an　expedition　inland　to　the　residence　of　Granganameo；　his　wife　（her　husband　being　absent）　came　running　to　the　river　to　welcome　them；　took　them　to　her　house　and　set　them　before　a　great　fire；　took　off　their　clothes　and　washed　them；　removed　the　stockings　of　some　and　washed　their　feet　in　warm　water；　set　plenty　of　victual；　venison　and　fish　and　fruits；　before　them；　and　took　pains　to　see　all　things　well　ordered　for　their　comfort。　　〃More　love　they　could　not　express　to　entertain　us。〃　　It　is　noted　that　these　savages　drank　wine　while　the　grape　lasted。　　The　visitors　returned　all　this　kindness　with　suspicion。
  They　insisted　upon　retiring　to　their　boats　at　night　instead　of　lodging　in　the　house；　and　the　good　woman；　much　grieved　at　their　jealousy；　sent　down　to　them　their　half…cooked　supper；　pots　and　all；　and　mats　to　cover　them　from　the　rain　in　the　night；　and　caused　several　of　her　men　and　thirty　women　to　sit　all　night　on　the　shore　over　against　them。　　〃A　more　kind；　loving　people　cannot　be；〃　say　the　voyagers。
  In　September　the　expedition　returned　to　England；　taking　specimens　of　the　wealth　of　the　country；　and　some　of　the　pearls　as　big　as　peas；　and　two　natives；　Wanchese　and　Manteo。　　The　〃lord　proprietary〃　obtained　the　Queen's　permission　to　name　the　new　lands　〃Virginia；〃　in　her　honor；　and　he　had　a　new　seal　of　his　arms　cut；　with　the　legend；　Propria　insignia　Walteri　Ralegh；　militis；　Domini　et　Gubernatoris　Virginia。
  The　enticing　reports　brought　back　of　the　fertility　of　this　land；　and　the　amiability　of　its　pearl…decked　inhabitants；　determined　Raleigh　at　once　to　establish　a　colony　there；　in　the　hope　of　the　ultimate　salvation　of　the　〃poor　seduced　infidell〃　who　wore　the　pearls。　　A　fleet　of　seven　vessels；　with　one　hundred　householders；　and　many　things　necessary　to　begin　a　new　state；　departed　from　Plymouth　in　April；　1585。　　Sir　Richard　Grenville　had　command　of　the　expedition；　and　Mr。　Ralph　Lane　was　made　governor　of　the　colony；　with　Philip　Amadas　for　his　deputy。　　Among　the　distinguished　men　who　accompanied　them　were　Thomas　Hariot；　the　mathematician；　and　Thomas　Cavendish；　the　naval　discoverer。　　The　expedition　encountered　as　many　fatalities　as　those　that　befell　Sir　Humphrey　Gilbert；　and　Sir　Richard　was　destined　also　to　an　early　and　memorable　death。　　But　the　new　colony　suffered　more　from　its　own　imprudence　and　want　of　harmony　than　from　natural　causes。
  In　August；　Grenville　left　Ralph　Lane　in　charge　of　the　colony　and　returned　to　England；　capturing　a　Spanish　ship　on　the　way。　　The　colonists　pushed　discoveries　in　various　directions；　but　soon　found　themselves　involved　in　quarrels　with　the　Indians；　whose　conduct　was　less　friendly　than　formerly；　a　change　partly　due　to　the　greed　of　the　whites。　　In　June；　when　Lane　was　in　fear　of　a　conspiracy　which　he　had　discovered　against　the　life　of　the　colony；　and　it　was　short　of　supplies；　Sir　Francis　Drake　appeared　off　Roanoke；　returning　homeward　with　his　fleet　from　the　sacking　of　St。　　Domingo；　Carthagena；　and　St。　Augustine。　　Lane；　without　waiting　for　succor　from　England；　persuaded　Drake　to　take　him　and　all　the　colony　back　home。　　Meantime　Raleigh；　knowing　that　the　colony　would　probably　need　aid；　was　preparing　a　fleet　of　three　well　appointed　ships　to　accompany　Sir　Richard　Grenville；　and　an　〃advice　ship；〃　plentifully　freighted；　to　send　in　advance　to　give　intelligence　of　his　coming。　　Great　was　Grenville's　chagrin；　when　he　reached　Hatorask；　to　find　that　the　advice　boat　had　arrived；　and　finding　no　colony；　had　departed　again　for　England。　However；　he　established　fifteen　men　（〃fifty；〃　says　the　〃General　Historie〃）　on　the　island；　provisioned　for　two　years；　and　then　returned　home。
  ＇Sir　Richard　Grenville　in　1591　was　vice…admiral　of　a　fleet；　under　command　of　Lord　Thomas　Howard；　at　the　Azores；　sent　against　a　Spanish　Plate…fleet。　　Six　English　vessels　were　suddenly　opposed　by　a　Spanish　convoy　of　53　ships　of　war。　　Left　behind　his　comrades；　in　embarking　from　an　island；　opposed　by　five　galleons；　he　maintained　a　terrible　fight　for　fifteen　hours；　his　vessel　all　cut　to　pieces；　and　his　men　nearly　all　slain。　　He　died　uttering　aloud　these　words：　〃Here　dies　Sir　Richard　Grenville；　with　a　joyful　and　quiet　mind；　for　that　I　have　ended　my　life　as　a　true　soldier　ought　to　do；　fighting　for　his　country；　queen；　religion；　and　honor。〃＇
  Mr。　Ralph　Lane's　colony　was　splendidly　fitted　out；　much　better　furnished　than　the　one　that　Newport；　Wingfield；　and　Gosnold　conducted　to　the　River　James　in　1607；　but　it　needed　a　man　at　the　head　of　it。　If　the　governor　had　possessed　Smith's　pluck；　he　would　have　held　on　till　the　arrival　of　Grenville。
  Lane　did　not　distinguish　himself　in　the　conduct　of　this　governorship；　but　he　nevertheless　gained　immortality。　　For　he　is　credited　with　first　bringing　into　England　that　valuable　medicinal　weeds　called　tobacco；　which　Sir　Walter　Raleigh　made　fashionable；　not　in　its　capacity　to　drive　〃rheums〃　out　of　the　body；　but　as　a　soother；　when　burned　in　the　bowl　of　a　pipe　and　drawn　through　the　stem　in　smoke；　of　the　melancholy　spirit。
  The　honor　of　introducing　tobacco　at　this　date　is　so　large　that　it　has　been　shared　by　three　personsSir　Francis　Drake；　who　brought　Mr。　Lane　home；　Mr。　Lane；　who　carried　the　precious　result　of　his　sojourn　in　America；　and　Sir　Walter　Raleigh；　who　commended　it　to　the　use　of　the　ladies　of　Queen　Elizabeth's　court。
  But　this　was　by　no　means　its　first　appearance　in　Europe。　　It　was　already　known　in　Spain；　in　France；　and　in　Italy；　and　no　doubt　had　begun　to　make　its　way　in　the　Orient。　　In　the　early　part　of　the　century　the　Spaniards　had　discovered　its　virtues。　　It　is　stated　by　John　Neander；　in　his　〃　Tobaco　Logia；〃　published　in　Leyden　in　1626；　that　Tobaco　took　its　name　from　a　province　in　Yucatan；　conquered　by　Fernando　Cortez　in　1519。　　The　name　Nicotiana　he　derives　from　D。　Johanne　Nicotino　Nemansensi；　of　the　council　of　Francis　II。；　who　first　introduced　the　plant　into　France。　　At　the　date　of　this　volume　（1626）　tobacco　was　in　general　use　all　over　Europe　and　in　the　East。　　Pictures　are　given　of　the　Persian　water　pipes；　and　descriptions　of　the　mode　of　preparing　it　for　use。　　There　are　reports　and　traditions　of　a　very　ancient　use　of　tobacco　in　Persia　and　in　China；　as　well　as　in　India；　but　we　are　convinced　that　the　substance　supposed　to　be　tobacco；　and　to　be　referre