第 21 节
作者:你妹找1      更新:2021-02-21 11:56      字数:9322
  butterfly! '7''
  Chiru…hana ni  Karusa arasou Kocho kana!
  'How   the   butterfly   strives   to   compete   in   lightness   with   the   falling
  flowers! '8''
  Chocho ya! Onna no michi no Ato ya saki!
  'See that butterfly on   the woman's path;  now fluttering behind   her;
  now before!'
  Chocho ya! Hana…nusubito wo Tsukete…yuku!
  'Ha! the butterfly!  it is following the person who stole the flowers!'
  Aki no cho Tomo nakereba ya; Hito ni tsuku
  'Poor   autumn   butterfly!   when   left   without   a   comrade   (of   its   own
  race); it follows after man (or 〃a person〃)!'
  Owarete mo; Isoganu furi no Chocho kana!
  'Ah; the butterfly! Even when chased; it never has the air of being in a
  hurry。'
  Cho wa mina Jiu…shichi…hachi no Sugata kana!
  'As    for  butterflies;   they   all  have   the   appearance     of   being   about
  seventeen or eighteen years old。'9''
  Cho tobu ya  Kono yo no urami Naki yo ni!
  'How the butterfly sports; just as if there were no enmity (or 〃envy〃)
  in this world!'
  Cho tobu ya; Kono yo ni nozomi Nai yo ni!
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  'Ah; the butterfly!  it sports about as if it had nothing more to desire
  in this present state of existence。'
  Nami no hana ni Tomari kanetaru; Kocho kana!
  'Having found it difficult indeed to perch upon the (foam…) blossoms
  of the waves; alas for the butterfly!'
  Mutsumashi ya!  Umare…kawareba Nobe no cho。 '10'
  'If (in our next existence) we be born into the state of butterflies upon
  the moor; then perchance we may be happy together!'
  Nadeshiko ni Chocho shiroshi  Tare no kon? '11'
  'On the pink…flower there is a white butterfly: whose spirit; I wonder?'
  Ichi…nichi no Tsuma to miekeri  Cho futatsu。
  'The one…day wife has at last appeared  a pair of butterflies!'
  Kite wa mau; Futari shidzuka no Kocho kana!
  'Approaching they dance; but when the two meet at last they are very
  quiet; the butterflies!'
  Cho wo ou Kokoro…mochitashi Itsumademo!
  'Would     that   I  might    always    have   the   heart   (desire)  of   chasing
  butterflies!'12''
  * * *
  Besides these specimens of poetry about butterflies; I have one queer
  example      to  offer  of  Japanese    prose   literature  on  the  same    topic。  The
  original; of which I have attempted only a free translation; can be found in
  the curious old book Mushi…Isame (〃Insect…Admonitions〃); and it assumes
  the form of a discourse to a butterfly。 But it is really a didactic allegory;
  suggesting the moral significance of a social rise and fall:
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  〃Now;   under   the   sun   of   spring;   the   winds   are   gentle;   and      flowers
  pinkly   bloom;   and   grasses   are   soft;   and   the   hearts   of   people   are   glad。
  Butterflies   everywhere   flutter   joyously:   so   many   persons   now   compose
  Chinese verses and Japanese verses about butterflies。
  〃And   this   season;   O   Butterfly;   is   indeed   the   season   of   your   bright
  prosperity: so comely you now are that in the whole world there is nothing
  more   comely。   For   that   reason   all   other   insects   admire   and   envy   you;
  there is not among them even one that does not envy you。 Nor do insects
  alone regard you with envy: men also both envy and admire you。 Soshu of
  China;  in   a dream;  assumed   your   shape;   Sakoku of   Japan;  after   dying;
  took your form; and therein made ghostly apparition。 Nor is the envy that
  you inspire shared only by insects and mankind: even things without soul
  change their form into yours; witness the barley…grass; which turns into a
  butterfly。 '13'
  〃And therefore you are lifted up with pride; and think to yourself: 'In
  all this world there is nothing superior to me!' Ah! I can very well guess
  what is in your heart: you are too much satisfied with your own person。
  That is why you let yourself be blown thus lightly about by every wind;
  that is why you never remain still; always; always thinking; 'In the whole
  world there is no one so fortunate as I。'
  〃But now try to think a little about your own personal history。 It is
  worth recalling; for there is a vulgar side to it。 How a vulgar side? Well;
  for a considerable time after you were born; you had no such reason for
  rejoicing   in   your   form。   You   were   then   a   mere   cabbage…insect;   a   hairy
  worm; and you were so poor that you could not afford even one robe to
  cover   your   nakedness;   and   your   appearance   was   altogether   disgusting。
  Everybody   in   those   days   hated   the   sight   of   you。   Indeed   you   had   good
  reason   to   be   ashamed   of   yourself;   and   so   ashamed   you   were   that   you
  collected   old   twigs   and   rubbish   to   hide   in;   and   you   made   a   hiding…nest;
  and hung it to a branch; and then everybody cried out to you; 'Raincoat
  Insect!' (Mino…mushi。) '14' And during that period of your life; your sins
  were   grievous。 Among   the   tender   green   leaves   of   beautiful   cherry…trees
  you and your fellows assembled; and there made ugliness extraordinary;
  and the expectant eyes of the people; who came from far away to admire
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  the   beauty   of   those   cherry…trees;   were   hurt   by   the   sight   of   you。 And   of
  things even more hateful than this you were guilty。 You knew that poor;
  poor   men   and   women   had   been   cultivating   daikon   (2)   in   their   fields;
  toiling   under   the   hot   sun   till   their   hearts   were   filled   with   bitterness   by
  reason     of   having     to  care    for  that   daikon;     and   you    persuaded      your
  companions to go with you; and to gather upon the leaves of that daikon;
  and on the leaves of other vegetables planted by those poor people。 Out of
  your     greediness     you   ravaged     those   leaves;    and   gnawed      them    into  all
  shapes   of   ugliness;   caring   nothing   for   the   trouble   of   those   poor   folk。。。
  Yes; such a creature you were; and such were your doings。
  〃And     now    that   you   have    a  comely     form;    you    despise    your    old
  comrades;   the   insects;   and;   whenever   you   happen   to   meet   any   of   them;
  you pretend not to know them 'literally; 'You make an I…don't…know face''。
  Now you want to have none but wealthy and exalted people for friends。。。
  Ah! You have forgotten the old times; have you?
  〃It is true that many people have forgotten your past; and are charmed
  by   the   sight   of   your   present   graceful   shape   and   white   wings;   and   write
  Chinese verses and Japanese verses about you。 The high…born damsel; who
  could not bear even to look at you in your former shape; now gazes at you
  with delight; and wants you to perch upon her hairpin; and holds out her
  dainty fan in the hope that you will light upon it。 But this reminds me that
  there is an ancient Chinese story about you; which is not pretty。
  〃In   the   time   of   the   Emperor   Genso;   the   Imperial   Palace   contained
  hundreds   and   thousands   of   beautiful   ladies;   so   many;   indeed;   that   it
  would have been difficult for any man to decide which among them was
  the loveliest。 So all of those beautiful persons were assembled together in
  one place; and you were set free to fly among them; and it was decreed
  that    the  damsel     upon    whose     hairpin    you   perched     should    be   augustly
  summoned to the Imperial Chamber。 In that time there could not be more
  than   one   Empress      which   was   a   good   law;   but;   because   of   you;   the
  Emperor Genso did great mischief in the land。 For your mind is light and
  frivolous; and although among so many beautiful women there must have
  been some persons of pure heart; you would look for nothing but beauty;
  and so betook yourself to the person most beautiful in outward appearance。
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  Therefore many of the female attendants ceased altogether to think about
  the   right   way   of   women;   and   began   to   study   how   to   make   themselves
  appear splendid in the eyes of men。 And the end of it was that the Emperor
  Genso   died   a   pitifu