第 1 节
作者:你妹找1      更新:2021-02-21 11:55      字数:9319
  KWAIDAN: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
  KWAIDAN: Stories and
  Studies of Strange Things
  By Lafcadio Hearn
  1
  … Page 2…
  KWAIDAN: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
  TABLE OF CONTENTS
  THE STORY OF MIMI…NASHI…HOICHI OSHIDORI
  THE     STORY     OF    O…TEI   UBAZAKURA         DIPLOMACY         OF   A
  MIRROR AND A BELL JIKININKI MUJINA ROKURO…KUBI A DEAD
  SECRET       YUKI…ONNA        THE     STORY     OF    AOYAGI      JIU…ROKU…
  ZAKURA  THE   DREAM   OF   AKINOSUKE   RIKI…BAKA   HI…MAWARI
  HORAI
  INSECT STUDIES BUTTERFLIES MOSQUITOES ANTS
  2
  … Page 3…
  KWAIDAN: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
  INTRODUCTION
  The publication of a new volume of Lafcadio Hearn's exquisite studies
  of Japan happens; by a delicate irony; to fall in the very month when the
  world is waiting with tense expectation for news of the latest exploits of
  Japanese      battleships。    Whatever      the  outcome      of  the   present    struggle
  between Russia and Japan; its significance lies in the fact that a nation of
  the East; equipped with Western weapons and girding itself with Western
  energy of will; is deliberately measuring strength against one of the great
  powers of the Occident。 No one is wise enough to forecast the results of
  such a conflict upon the civilization of the world。 The best one can do is to
  estimate;   as   intelligently   as   possible;   the   national   characteristics   of   the
  peoples engaged; basing one's hopes and fears upon the psychology of the
  two   races   rather   than   upon   purely   political   and   statistical   studies   of   the
  complicated   questions   involved   in   the   present   war。   The   Russian   people
  have     had   literary   spokesmen      who    for   more    than   a  generation     have
  fascinated the European audience。 The Japanese; on the other hand; have
  possessed      no    such    national    and    universally     recognized     figures    as
  Turgenieff or Tolstoy。 They need an interpreter。
  It  may    be   doubted    whether     any   oriental    race   has   ever   had   an
  interpreter   gifted   with   more   perfect   insight   and   sympathy   than   Lafcadio
  Hearn has brought to the translation of Japan into our occidental speech。
  His    long    residence     in  that   country;    his  flexibility    of  mind;    poetic
  imagination; and wonderfully pellucid style have fitted him for the most
  delicate of literary tasks。 Hi has seen marvels; and he has told of them in a
  marvelous way。 There is scarcely an aspect of contemporary Japanese life;
  scarcely an element in the social; political; and military questions involved
  in   the   present   conflict   with   Russia   which   is   not   made   clear   in   one   or
  another of the books with which he has charmed American readers。
  He characterizes Kwaidan as 〃stories and studies of strange things。〃
  A  hundred   thoughts   suggested   by   the   book   might   be   written   down;   but
  most of them would begin and end with this fact of strangeness。 To read
  3
  … Page 4…
  KWAIDAN: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
  the very names in the table of contents is like listening to a Buddhist bell;
  struck somewhere far away。 Some of his tales are of the long ago; and yet
  they seem to illumine the very souls and minds of the little men who are at
  this hour crowding the decks of Japan's armored cruisers。 But many of the
  stories are about women and children; the lovely materials from which
  the best fairy tales of the world have been woven。 They too are strange;
  these   Japanese   maidens   and   wives   and   keen…eyed;   dark…haired   girls   and
  boys; they are like us and yet not like us; and the sky and the hills and the
  flowers   are   all   different   from   our。 Yet   by   a   magic   of   which   Mr。   Hearn;
  almost alone among contemporary writers; is the master; in these delicate;
  transparent; ghostly sketches of a world unreal to us; there is a haunting
  sense of spiritual reality。
  In   a  penetrating    and    beautiful   essay    contributed     to  the  〃Atlantic
  Monthly〃       in  February;    1903;    by   Paul   Elmer    More;     the  secret   of  Mr。
  Hearn's magic is said to lie in the fact that in his art is found 〃the meeting
  of    three   ways。〃    〃To    the   religious   instinct    of  India      Buddhism      in
  particular; which history has engrafted on the aesthetic sense of   Japan;
  Mr。   Hearn   brings   the   interpreting   spirit   of   occidental   science;   and   these
  three traditions are fused by the peculiar sympathies of his mind into one
  rich and novel compound; a compound so rare as to have introduced into
  literature   a   psychological   sensation   unknown   before。〃   Mr。   More's   essay
  received the high praise of Mr。 Hearn's recognition and gratitude; and if it
  were     possible    to  reprint   it  here;  it  would    provide     a  most    suggestive
  introduction to these new stories of old Japan; whose substance is; as Mr。
  More has said; 〃so strangely mingled together out of the austere dreams of
  India and the subtle beauty of Japan and the relentless science of Europe。〃
  March; 1904。
  = = = = = = = *** = = = = = = =
  Most of the following Kwaidan; or Weird Tales; have been taken from
  old Japanese books; such as the Yaso…Kidan; Bukkyo…Hyakkwa…Zensho;
  Kokon…Chomonshu;   Tama…Sudare;   and   Hyaku…Monogatari。   Some   of   the
  stories   may   have   had   a   Chinese   origin:   the   very   remarkable   〃Dream   of
  Akinosuke;〃   for   example;   is   certainly   from   a   Chinese   source。   But   the
  4
  … Page 5…
  KWAIDAN: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
  story…teller; in every case; has so recolored and reshaped his borrowing as
  to naturalize it。。。 One queer tale; 〃Yuki…Onna;〃 was told me by a farmer of
  Chofu;   Nishitama…gori;   in   Musashi   province;   as   a   legend   of   his   native
  village。 Whether it has ever been written in Japanese I do not know; but
  the   extraordinary   belief   which   it   records   used   certainly   to   exist   in   most
  parts of Japan; and in many curious forms。。。 The incident of 〃Riki…Baka〃
  was    a  personal     experience;    and   I  wrote    it  down    almost   exactly   as   it
  happened;       changing     only   a  family…name       mentioned      by   the   Japanese
  narrator。
  L。H。
  Tokyo; Japan; January 20th; 1904。
  5
  … Page 6…
  KWAIDAN: Stories and Studies of Strange Things
  THE STORY OF MIMI…NASHI…
  HOICHI
  More   than   seven   hundred   years   ago;   at   Dan…no…ura;  in   the   Straits   of
  Shimonoseki;   was   fought   the  last   battle   of   the   long   contest   between   the
  Heike; or Taira   clan;   and the   Genji;   or   Minamoto   clan。 There   the   Heike
  perished utterly; with their women and children; and their infant emperor
  likewise      now   remembered   as   Antoku   Tenno。  And   that   sea   and   shore
  have been haunted for seven hundred years。。。 Elsewhere I told you about
  the strange crabs found there; called Heike crabs; which have human faces
  on their backs; and are said to be the spirits of the Heike warriors '1'。 But
  there are many strange things to be seen and heard along that coast。 On
  dark nights thousands of ghostly fires hover about the beach; or flit above
  the waves; pale lights which the fishermen call Oni…bi; or demon…fires;
  and;   whenever   the   winds   are   up;   a   sound   of   great   shouting   comes   from
  that sea; like a clamor of battle。
  In former years the Heike were much more restless than they now are。
  They would rise about ships passing in the night; and try to sink them; and
  at all times they would watch for swimmers; to pull them down。 It was in
  order to appease those dead that the Buddhist temple; Amidaji; was built at
  Akamagaseki '2'。 A cemetery also was made close by; near the beach; and
  within it were set up monuments inscribed with the names of the drowned
  emperor   and   of   his   great   vassals;   and   Buddhist   services   were   regularly
  performed   there;   on   behalf   of   the   spirits   of   them。 After   the   temple   had
  been built; and the tombs erected; the Heike gave less trouble than before;
  but they continued to do queer things at intervals; proving that they had
  not found the perfect peace。