第 37 节
作者:朝令夕改      更新:2021-02-21 11:23      字数:9322
  Cost  4 3/8 creutzers。
  This soup; when cooked; weighed 11 lb; 26 loths; which; divided among the twelve persons belonging to the mess; gave for each 31 1/2 loths; and the cost (4 3/8 creutzers); divided by twelve; gives nearly THREE…NINTHS of a creutzer for each portion。
  For bread。
  Four pieces of ammunition bread; weighing each ten loths; for each person;namely; one piece for breakfastone at dinnerone in the afternoon;and one at supper; in all; 40 loths; or one pound and a quarter; costs two creutzers and a half。
  Details of expenses; etc。 for each person。
  lb。 loths。                      Creutzers For  1   8     dry bread  。。。  。。。  2 1/2 For  0  22     bread dumplins  。。。  2 15/24 For  0  31 1/2 bread soup 。。。  。。。  0 3/8      …                      …      2  30 1/2     of Food    Cost  5 1/2 creutzers。
  The same details expressed in Avoirdupois weight; and English money:
  For each person   lb。 oz。                            Pence    1   8 76/100 dry ammunition bread  0 10/11    0  13 6/10   bread dumplins  。。。   0 693/792    1   3 1/2    bread soup 。。。  。。。   0 36/264                           …    3   9 86/100   of Food      Cost   2 pence。
  June 20th; 1795。 Serjeant Kein's mess; second regiment of grenadiers。
  Bill of Fare。
  Boiled beefbread soupand liver dumplins。 Details of expenses; etc。 For the boiled beef and soup。
  lb。 loths。                    Creutzers。   2   0     beef 。。。  。。。  。。。   15   0   6 1/2 salt 。。。  。。。  。。。    0 1/2   0   0 1/2 pepper    。。。  。。。    0 1/2   0   2     sweet herbs    。。。    0 1/2   2  24     ammunition bread      3 1/4  17   0     water。。。  。。。  。。。                        …  22   1                    Cost  19 1/2 creutzers。
  These ingredients were all boiled together two hours and five minutes; after which the beef was taken out of the soup and weighed; and was found to weigh 1 lb。 22 loths; the soup weighed 15 lb。; and these divided equally among the twelve persons belonging to the mess; gave for each portion; 4 1/2 loths of beef; and 1 lb。 8 loths of soup; and the cost of the whole (19 3/4 creutzers); divided by 18; gives 1 31/48 creutzers for the cost of each portion。
  Details of expenses; etc。 for the liver dumplins。
  lb。 loths。                             Creutzers。       2   28    of fine semel bread           15       1    0    of beef liver  。。。  。。。  。。。   5       0   18    of fine flour  。。。  。。。  。。。   2 1/2       0    6    of salt   。。。  。。。  。。。  。。。   0 1/2       2   24    of water  。。。  。。。  。。。  。。。  …                                       Total 7   12                          Cost    23 creutzers。
  These ingredients being made into dumplins; the dumplins after being properly boiled were found to weigh 8 lb。This gave for each  portion 21 1/3 loths; and the amount of the cost (23 creutzers); divided by 12; the number of the portions; gives for each 1 11/12 creutzers。
  The quantity of dry ammunition bread  furnished to each person was 1 lb。 8 loths; and this; at two creutzers a pound; amounts to 2 1/2 creutzers。
  Recapitulation。
  For each person   lb。 loths。                           Creutzers。    0   4 1/2 of boiled beef; and '  。。。  1 31/48    1   8     of bread soup       '    0  21 1/4 of liver dumplins 。。。  。。。  1 11/12    1   8     of dry bread 。。。  。。。  。。。  2 1/2                               …    3   9 5/6 of Food              Cost   6 3/48 creutzers。
  In Avoirdupois weight; and English money; it is;for each person:
  lb。 oz。    0  2。78 of boiled beef; and '  。。。  0 948/1584    1  8。91 of bread soup       '    0 13。19 of liver dumplins 。。。  。。。  0 276/306    1  8。76 of dry bread 。。。  。。。  。。。  0 10/11    …                             …    4  1。54 of Food               Cost  2 1/5 pence。
  June 21st; 1795。 Bill of Fare。 Boiled beef; and bread soup; with bread dumplins。 Details of expenses; etc。 for the boiled beef and bread soup。 The same as yesterday; For the dumplins。
  lb。 loths。                          Creutzers。   2    30   semel bread  。。。  。。。  。。。  15 1/2   0    18   fine flour   。。。  。。。  。。。   3   0     6   salt    。。。  。。。  。。。  。。。   0 1/2   3     0   water   。。。  。。。  。。。  。。。   …                               …   6    22                          Cost 19 creutzers。
  These dumplins being boiled; were found to weigh 7 lb。 which gave for each person 18 2/3 loths; and each portion cost 1 7/12 creutzers。
  Dry ammunition bread furnished to each person 1 lb。 8 loths; which cost 2 1/2 creutzers。
  Recapitulation。
  Each person belonging to the mess received this day:
  lb。 loths。                          Creutzers。   0   4 1/2 of boiled beef; and '  。。。  1 31/48   1   8     of bread soup       '   0  18 2/3 of bread dumplins 。。。  。。。  1 7/12   1   8     of dry bread 。。。  。。。  。。。  2 1/2   …                             …   3   7 1/6 of Food               Cost  5 35/42 creutzers
  In Avoirdupois weight; and English money; it is;
  lb。 oz。   0  2。78 of boiled beef; and '  。。。  0 948/1584   1  8。76 of bread soup       '   0 11。54 of bread dumplins 。。。  。。。  0 228/396   1  8。76 of dry bread 。。。  。。。  。。。  0 10/11   …                                4  0    of Food               Cost  2 1/12 pence。
  June 22d; 1795。 Bill of Fare。 Bread soup and meat dumplins。 Details of expenses; etc。
  lb。 loths。   2   0   of beef  。。。  。。。  。。。  15   2  30   of semel bread     。。。  15 1/2   0  18   of fine flour 。。。  。。。   3   0   1   of pepper     。。。  。。。   1   0  12   of salt  。。。  。。。  。。。   1   0   2   of sweet herbs     。。。   0 1/2   2  24   of ammunition bread      3 1/4   2  16   of water to the dumplins                                                                Cost  39 1/4 creutzers。
  The meat being cut fine; or minced; was mixed with the semel or wheaten bread; and these with the flour; and a due proportion of salt; were made into dumplins; and boiled in the soup。These dumplins when boiled; weighed 10 lb。 which; divided into 12 equal portions; gave 20 2/3 loths for each。
  The soup weighed 15 lb。 which gave 1 lb。 8 loths for each portion。 Of dry ammunition bread; each person received 1 lb。 8 loths; which cost 2 1/2 creutzers。
  Recapitulation。
  Each person received this day
  lb。 loths。                               Creutzers   0  20 2/3 of meat dumplins; and ' 。。。  3 13/48   1   8     of bread soup         '   1   8     of ammunition bread          2  1/2   …                              …   3   4 2/3 of Food                 Cost 5 37/48 creutzers。
  In Avoirdupois weight; and English money; it is;
  lb。 oz。                                  Pence。   0  12。77 of meat dumplins; and '  。。。  1 300/1584   1   8。76 of bread soup         '   1   8。76 of ammunition bread 。。。  。。。  0  10/11                                     3  14。29 of Food                 Cost  2   1/10 pence。
  The results of all these experiments; (and of many more which I could add;) show that the Bavarian soldier can live;and the fact is that he actually does live;upon a little more than TWO THIRDS of his allowance。Of the five creutzers a…day which he receives in money; he seldom puts more than two creutzers and a half; and never more than three creutzers into the mess; so that at least TWO…FIFTHS of his pay remains; after he has defrayed all the expenses of his subsistence; and as he is furnished with every article of his clothing by the sovereign; and no stoppage is ever permitted to be made of any part of his pay; on any pretence whatever; THERE IS NO SOLDIER IN EUROPE WHOSE SITUATION IS MORE COMFORTABLE。
  Though the ammunition bread with which he is furnished is rather coarse and brown; being made of rye…meal; with only a small quantity of the coarser part of the bran separated from it; yet it is not only wholesome; but very nourishing; and for making soup it is even more palatable than wheaten bread。  Most of the soldiers; however; in the Elector's service; and particularly those belonging to the Bavarian regiments; make a practice of selling a great part of their allowance of ammunition bread; and with the money they get for it; buy the best wheaten bread that is to be had; and many of them never taste brown bread but in their soup。
  The ammunition bread is delivered to the soldiers every fourth day; in loaves; each loaf being equal to two rations; and it is a rule generally established in the messes; for each soldier to furnish one loaf for the use of the mess every twelfth day; so that he has five…sixths of his allowance of bread; which remains at his disposal。
  The foregoing account of the manner in which the Bavarian soldiers are fed; will; I think; show most clearly the great importance of making soldiers live together in messes。It may likewise furnish some useful hints to those who may be engaged in feeding the Poor; or in providing Food for ships's companies; or other bodies of men who are fed in common。
  With regard to the expense of fuel in these experiments; as the victuals were cooked in earthen pots; over an open fire; the consumption of fire…wood was very great。
  On the 10th of June; when 9 lb。 30 1/2 loths of soup; 1 lb。 28 loths of meat; and 5 lb。 24 loths of bread dumplins; in all 17 lb。 18 1/2 of Food were prepared; and the process of cooking; from the time the fire was light