e　made　to　see　that　he　has　deserved　the　punishment；　and　when　it　is　inflicted；　care　should　be　taken　to　make　him　feel　it。　　But　in　order　that　the　punishment　may　have　the　effects　intended；　and　not　serve　to　irritate　the　person　punished；　and　excite　personal　hatred　and　revenge；　instead　of　disposing　the　mind　to　serious　reflection；　it　must　be　administered　in　the　most　solemn　and　most　DISPASSIONATE　manner；　and　it　must　be　continued　no　longer　than　till　the　FIRST　DAWN　of　reformation　appears。
  How　much　prudence　and　caution　are　necessary　in　dispensing　rewards　and　punishments；and　yethow　little　attention　is　in　general　paid　to　those　important　transactions！
  REWARDS　and　PUNISHMENTS　are　the　only　means　by　which　mankind　can　be　controlled　and　directed；　and　yet；　how　often　do　we　see　them　dispensed　in　the　most　carelessmost　imprudentand　most　improper　manner！how　often　are　they　confounded！how　often　misapplied！　and　how　often　do　we　see　them　made　the　instruments　of　gratifying　the　most　sordid　private　passions！
  To　the　improper　use　of　them　may　be　attributed　all　the　disorders　of　civil　society。To　the　improper　or　careless　use　of　them　may；　most　unquestionably；　be　attributed　the　prevalence　of　poverty；　misery；　and　mendicity　in　most　countries；　and　particularly　in　Great　Britain；　where　the　healthfulness　and　mildness　of　the　climatethe　fertility　of　the　soilthe　abundance　of　fuelthe　numerous　and　flourishing　manufacturesthe　extensive　commerce　and　the　millions　of　acres　of　waste　lands　which　still　remain　to　be　cultivated；　furnish　the　means　of　giving　useful　employment　to　all　its　inhabitants；　and　even　to　a　much　more　numerous　population。
  But　if　instead　of　encouraging　the　laudable　exertions　of　useful　industry；　and　assisting　and　relieving　the　unfortunate　and　the　infirm（the　only　real　objects　of　charity；）the　means　designed　for　those　purposes　are　so　misapplied　as　to　operate　as　rewards　to　idleness　and　immorality；　the　greater　the　sums　are　which　are　levied　on　the　rich　for　the　relief　of　the　poor；　the　more　numerous　will　that　class　become；　and　the　greater　will　be　their　profligacy；　their　insolence；　and　their　shameless　and　clamorous　importunity。
  There　is；　it　cannot　be　denied；　in　man；　a　natural　propensity　to　sloth　and　indolence；　and　though　habits　of　industry；like　all　habits；may　render　those　exertions　easy　and　pleasant　which　at　first　are　painful　and　irksome；　yet　no　person；　in　any　situation；　ever　chose　labour　merely　for　its　own　sake。　　It　is　always　the　apprehension　of　some　greater　evil；or　the　hope　of　some　enjoyment；　by　which　mankind　are　compelled　or　allured；　when　they　take　to　industrious　pursuits。
  In　the　rude　state　of　savage　nature　the　wants　of　men　are　few；　and　these　may　all　be　easily　supplied　without　the　commission　of　any　crime；　consequently　industry；　under　such　circumstances；　is　not　necessary；　nor　can　indolence　be　justly　considered　as　a　vice；　but　in　a　state　of　civil　society；　where　population　is　great；　and　the　means　of　subsistence　not　to　be　had　without　labour；　or　without　defrauding　others　of　the　fruits　of　their　industry；　idleness　becomes　a　crime　of　the　most　fatal　tendency；　and　consequently　of　the　most　heinous　nature；　and　every　means　should　be　used　to　discountenance；　punish；　and　prevent　it。
  And　we　see　that　Providence；　ever　attentive　to　provide　remedies　for　the　disorders　which　the　　progress　of　society　occasions　in　the　world；　has　provided　for　idlenessas　soon　as　the　condition　of　society　renders　it　a　vice；　but　not　beforea　punishment　every　way　suited　to　its　nature；　and　calculated　to　prevent　its　prevalency　and　pernicious　consequences：This　is　WANT；and　a　most　efficacious　remedy　it　is　for　the　evil；when　the　WISDOM　OF　MAN　does　not　interfere　to　counteract　it；　and　prevent　its　salutary　effects。
  But　reserving　the　father　investigation　of　this　part　of　my　subject　that　respecting　the　means　to　be　used　for　encouraging　industry　to　some　future　opportunity；　I　shall　now　endeavour　to　show；　in　a　few　words；　how；　under　the　most　unfavourable　circumstances；　an　arrangement　for　putting　an　end　to　mendicity；　and　introducing　a　spirit　of　industry　among　the　Poor；　might　be　introduced　and　carried　into　execution。
  If　I　am　obliged　to　take　a　great　circuit；　in　order　to　arrive　at　my　object；　it　must　be　remembered；　that　where　a　vast　weight　is　to　be　raised　by　human　means；　a　variety　of　machinery　must　necessarily　be　provided；　and　that　it　is　only　by　bringing　all　the　different　powers　employed　to　act　together　to　the　same　end；　that　the　purpose　in　view　can　be　attained。　　It　will　likewise　be　remembered；　that　as　no　mechanical　power　can　be　made　to　act　without　a　force　be　applied　to　it　sufficient　to　overcome　the　resistance；　not　only　of　the　vis　inertia；　but　also　of　friction；　so　no　moral　agent　can　be　brought　to　act　to　any　given　end　without　sufficient　motives；　that　is　to　say；　without　such　motives　as　THE　PERSON　WHO　IS　TO　ACT　may　deem　sufficient；　not　only　to　decide　his　opinion；　but　also　to　OVERCOME　HIS　INDOLENCE。
  The　object　proposed；the　relief　of　the　Poor；　and　the　providing　for　their　future　comfort　and　happiness；　by　introducing　among　them　a　spirit　of　order　and　industry；　is　such　as　cannot　fail　to　meet　with　the　approbation　of　every　well…disposed　person。But　I　will　suppose；　that　a　bare　conviction　of　the　　UTILITY　of　the　measure　is　not　sufficient　alone　to　overcome　the　indolence　of　the　Public；　and　induce　them　to　engage　ACTIVELY　in　the　undertaking；yet　as　people　are　at　all　times；　and　in　all　situations；　ready　enough　to　do　what　they　FEEL　to　be　their　interest；　if；　in　bringing　forward　a　scheme　of　public　utility；　the　proper　means　be　used　to　render　it　so　interesting　as　to　awaken　the　CURIOSITY；　and　fix　the　attention　of　the　Public；　no　doubts　can　be　entertained　of　the　possibility　of　carrying　it　into　effect。
  In　arranging　such　a　plan；　and　laying　it　before　　the　Public；　no　small　degree　of　knowledge　of　mankind；　and　particularly　of　the　various　means　of　acting　on　them；　which　are　peculiarly　adapted　to　the　different　stages　of　civilization；　or　rather　of　the　political　refinement　and　corruption　of　society；　would；　in　most　cases；　be　indispensably　necessary；　but　with　that　knowledge；　and　a　good　share　of　zeal；　address；　prudence；　and　perseverance；　there　are　few　schemes；　in　which　an　honest　man　would　wish　to　be　concerned；　that　might　not　be　carried　into　execution　in　any　country。
  In　such　a　city　as　London；　where　there　is　great　wealth；public　spirit；enterprize；and　zeal　for　improvement；　little　more；　I　flatter　myself；　would　be　necessary　to　engage　all　ranks　to　unite　in　carrying　into　effect　such　a　scheme；　than　to　show　its　public　utility；　and；　above　all；　to　prove　that　there　IS　NO　JOB　at　the　bottom　of　it。
  It　would；　however；　be　advisable；　in　submitting　to　the　Public；　Proposals　for　forming　such　an　Establishment；　to　show　that　those　who　are　invited　to　assist　in　carrying　it　into　execution；　would　not　only　derive　from　it　much　pleasure　and　satisfaction；　but　also　many　real　advantages；　for　too　much　pains　can　never　be　taken　to　interest　the　Public　individually；　and　directly；　in　the　success　of　measures　tending　to　promote　the　general　good　of　society。
  The　following　Proposals；　which　I　will　suppose　to　be　made　by　some　person　of　known　and　respectable　character；　who　has　courage　enough　to　engage　　in　so　arduous　an　undertaking；　will　show　my　ideas　upon　this　subject　in　the　clearest　manner。Whether　they　are　well　founded；　must　be　left　to　the　reader　to　determine。As　to　myself；　I　am　so　much　persuaded　that　the　scheme　here　proposed；　by　way　of　example；　and　merely　for　illustration；　might　be　executed；　that；　had　I　time　for　the　undertaking；　（which　I　have　not；）　I　should　not　hesitate　to　engage　in　it。
  PROPOSALS　for　forming　by　private　subscription；　an　ESTABLISHMENT　　　for　feeding　the　Poor；　and　giving　them　useful　Employment；
  And　also　for　furnishing　Food　at　a　cheap　Rate　to　others　who　may　stand　in　need　of　such　Assistance。　　Connected　with　an　INSTITUTION　for　introducing；　and　bringing　forward　into　general　Use；　new　Inventions　and　Improvements；　particularly　such　as　relate　to　the　Management　of　Heat　and　the　saving　of　Fuel；　and　to　various　other　mechanical　Contrivances　by　which　DOMESTIC　COMFORT　and　ECONOMY　may　be　promoted。　　Submitted　to　the　Public；　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　By　A。　　B。
  The　Author　of　these　Proposals　declares　solemnly；　in　the　face　of　the　whole　world；　that　he　has　no　interested　view　whatever　in　making　these　Proposals；　but　is　actuated　merely　and　simply　by　a　desire　to　do　good；　and　promote　the　happiness　and　prosperity　of　society；　and　the　honour　and　reputation　of　his　country。That　he　never　will　demand；　accept；　or　receive　any　pay　or　other　recompence　or　reward　of　any　kind　whatever　from　any　person　or　persons；　for　his　services　or　trouble；　in　carrying　into　execution　the　proposed　scheme；　or　any　part　thereof；　or　for　anything　he　may　do　or　perform　in　future　relating　to　it；　or　to　any　of　its　details　or　concerns。
  And；　moreover；　that　he　never　will　avail　himself　of　any　opportunities　that　may　offer　in　the　execution　of　the　plan　proposed；　for　deriving　profit；　emolument；　or　advantage　of　any　kind；　either　for　himself；　his　friends；　or　connections；but　that；　on　the　contrary；　he　will　take　upon　himself　to　be　personally　responsible　to　the　Public；　and　more　immediately　to　the　Subscribers　to　this　Undertaking；　that　NO　PERSON　shall　FIND　MEANS　to　make　a　job　of　the　proposed　Establishment；　or　of　any　of　the　details　of　its　execution；　or　of　its　manage