rebellion；　horrors　unutterable；　and；　meanwhile；　Don　Carlos　had　set
  his　mad　brain　on　having　the　command　of　the　Netherlands。　　In　his
  rage；　at　not　having　it；　as　all　the　world　knows；　he　nearly　killed
  Alva　with　his　own　hands；　some　two　years　after。　　If　it　be　true　that
  Don　Carlos　felt　a　debt　of　gratitude　to　Vesalius；　he　may　（after　his
  wont）　have　poured　out　to　him　some　wild　confidence　about　the
  Netherlands；　to　have　even　heard　which　would　be　a　crime　in　Philip's
  eyes。　　And　if　this　be　but　a　fancy；　still　Vesalius　was；　as　I　just
  said；　a　Netherlander；　and　one　of　a　brain　and　a　spirit　to　which
  Philip's　doings；　and　the　air　of　the　Spanish　court；　must　have　been
  growing　ever　more　and　more　intolerable。　　Hundreds　of　his　country
  folk；　perhaps　men　and　women　whom　he　had　known；　were　being　racked；
  burnt　alive；　buried　alive；　at　the　bidding　of　a　jocular　ruffian；
  Peter　Titelmann；　the　chief　inquisitor。　　The　〃day　of　the　MAUBRULEZ；〃
  and　the　wholesale　massacre　which　followed　it；　had　happened　but　two
  years　before；　and；　by　all　the　signs　of　the　times；　these　murders　and
  miseries　were　certain　to　increase。　　And　why　were　all　these　poor
  wretches　suffering　the　extremity　of　horror；　but　because　they　would
  not　believe　in　miraculous　images；　and　bones　of　dead　friars；　and　the
  rest　of　that　science　of　unreason　and　unfact；　against　which　Vesalius
  had　been　fighting　all　his　life；　consciously　or　not；　by　using　reason
  and　observing　fact？　　What　wonder　if；　in　some　burst　of　noble
  indignation　and　just　contempt；　he　forgot　a　moment　that　he　had　sold
  his　soul；　and　his　love　of　science　likewise；　to　be　a　luxurious；　yet
  uneasy；　hanger…on　at　the　tyrant's　court；　and　spoke　unadvisedly　some
  word　worthy　of　a　German　man？
  As　to　the　story　of　his　unhappy　quarrels　with　his　wife；　there　may　be
  a　grain　of　truth　in　it　likewise。　　Vesalius's　religion　must　have　sat
  very　lightly　on　him。　　The　man　who　had　robbed　churchyards　and　gibbets
  from　his　youth　was　not　likely　to　be　much　afraid　of　apparitions　and
  demons。　　He　had　handled　too　many　human　bones　to　care　much　for　those
  of　saints。　　He　was　probably；　like　his　friends　of　Basle；　Montpellier；
  and　Paris；　somewhat　of　a　heretic　at　heart；　probably　somewhat　of　a
  pagan；　while　his　lady；　Anne　van　Hamme；　was　probably　a　strict
  Catholic；　as　her　father；　being　a　councillor　and　master　of　the
  exchequer　at　Brussels；　was　bound　to　be；　and　freethinking　in　the
  husband；　crossed　by　superstition　in　the　wife；　may　have　caused　in
  them　that　wretched　vie　e　part；　that　want　of　any　true　communion　of
  soul；　too　common　to　this　day　in　Catholic　countries。
  Be　these　things　as　they　mayand　the　exact　truth　of　them　will　now　be
  never　knownVesalius　set　out　to　Jerusalem　in　the　spring　of　1564。
  On　his　way　he　visited　his　old　friends　at　Venice　to　see　about　his
  book　against　Fallopius。　　The　Venetian　republic　received　the　great
  philosopher　with　open　arms。　　Fallopius　was　just　dead；　and　the　senate
  offered　their　guest　the　vacant　chair　of　anatomy。　　He　accepted　it：
  but　went　on　to　the　East。
  He　never　occupied　that　chair；　wrecked　upon　the　Isle　of　Zante；　as　he
  was　sailing　back　from　Palestine；　he　died　miserably　of　fever　and
  want；　as　thousands　of　pilgrims　returning　from　the　Holy　Land　had　died
  before　him。　　A　goldsmith　recognised　him；　buried　him　in　a　chapel　of
  the　Virgin；　and　put　up　over　him　a　simple　stone；　which　remained　till
  late　years；　and　may　remain；　for　aught　I　know；　even　now。
  So　perished；　in　the　prime　of　life；　〃a　martyr　to　his　love　of
  science；〃　to　quote　the　words　of　M。　Burggraeve　of　Ghent；　his　able
  biographer　and　commentator；　〃the　prodigious　man；　who　created　a
  science　at　an　epoch　when　everything　was　still　an　obstacle　to　his
  progress；　a　man　whose　whole　life　was　a　long　struggle　of　knowledge
  against　ignorance；　of　truth　against　lies。〃
  Plaudite：　　　Exeat：　　　with　Rondelet　and　Buchanan。　　And　whensoever
  this　poor　foolish　world　needs　three　such　men；　may　God　of　His　great
  mercy　send　them。
  PARACELSUS　｛13｝
  I　told　you　of　Vesalius　and　Rondelet　as　specimens　of　the　men　who
  three　hundred　years　ago　were　founding　the　physical　science　of　the
  present　day；　by　patient　investigation　of　facts。　　But　such　an　age　as
  this　would　naturally　produce　men　of　a　very　different　stamp；　men　who
  could　not　imitate　their　patience　and　humility；　who　were　trying　for
  royal　roads　to　knowledge；　and　to　the　fame　and　wealth　which　might　be
  got　out　of　knowledge；　who　meddled　with　vain　dreams　about　the　occult
  sciences；　alchemy；　astrology；　magic；　the　cabala；　and　so　forth；　who
  were　reputed　magicians；　courted　and　feared　for　awhile；　and　then；　too
  often；　died　sad　deaths。
  Such　had　been；　in　the　century　before；　the　famous　Dr。　FaustFaustus；
  who　was　said　to　have　made　a　compact　with　Satanactually　one　of　the
  inventors　of　printingimmortalised　in　Goethe's　marvellous　poem。
  Such；　in　the　first　half　of　the　sixteenth　century；　was　Cornelius
  Agrippaa　doctor　of　divinity　and　a　knight…at…arms；　secret…service
  diplomatist　to　the　Emperor　Maximilian　in　Austria；　astrologer；　though
  unwilling；　to　his　daughter　Margaret；　Regent　of　the　Low　Countries；
  writer　on　the　occult　sciences　and　of　the　famous　〃De　Vanitate
  Scientiarum；〃　and　what　not？　who　died　miserably　at　the　age　of　forty…
  nine；　accused　of　magic　by　the　Dominican　monks　from　whom　he　had
  rescued　a　poor　girl；　who　they　were　torturing　on　a　charge　of
  witchcraft；　and　by　them　hunted　to　death；　nor　to　death　only；　for　they
  spread　the　fablesuch　as　you　may　find　in　Delrio　the　Jesuit's
  〃Disquisitions　on　Magic〃　｛14｝that　his　little　pet　black　dog　was　a
  familiar　spirit；　as　Butler　has　it　in　〃Hudibras〃：
  Agrippa　kept　a　Stygian　pug
  I'　the　garb　and　habit　of　a　dog　…
  That　was　his　taste；　and　the　cur
  Read　to　th'　occult　philosopher；
  And　taught　him　subtly　to　maintain
  All　other　sciences　are　vain。
  Such　also　was　Jerome　Cardan；　the　Italian　scholar　and　physician；　the
  father　of　algebraic　science　（you　all　recollect　Cardan's　rule；）
  believer　in　dreams；　prognostics；　astrology；　who　died；　too；　miserably
  enough；　in　old　age。
  Cardan's　sad　life；　and　that　of　Cornelius　Agrippa；　you　can；　and　ought
  to　read　for　yourselves；　in　two　admirable　biographies；　as　amusing　as
  they　are　learned；　by　Professor　Morley；　of　the　London　University。　　I
  have　not　chosen　either　of　them　as　a　subject　for　this　lecture；
  because　Mr。　Morley　has　so　exhausted　what　is　to　be　known　about　them；
  that　I　could　tell　you　nothing　which　I　had　not　stolen　from　him。
  But　what　shall　I　say　of　the　most　famous　of　these　menParacelsus？
  whose　name　you　surely　know。　　He　too　has　been　immortalised　in　a　poem
  which　you　all　ought　to　have　read；　one　of　Robert　Browning's　earliest
  and　one　of　his　best　creations。
  I　think　we　must　accept　as　true　Mr。　Browning's　interpretation　of
  Paracelsus's　character。　　We　must　believe　that　he　was　at　first　an
  honest　and　high…minded；　as　he　was　certainly　a　most　gifted；　man；　that
  he　went　forth　into　the　world；　with　an　intense　sense　of　the
  worthlessness　of　the　sham　knowledge　of　the　pedants　and　quacks　of　the
  schools；　an　intense　belief　that　some　higher　and　truer　science　might
  be　discovered；　by　which　diseases　might　be　actually　cured；　and
  health；　long　life；　happiness；　all　but　immortality；　be　conferred　on
  man；　an　intense　belief　that　he；　Paracelsus；　was　called　and　chosen　by
  God　to　find　out　that　great　mystery；　and　be　a　benefactor　to　all
  future　ages。　　That　fixed　idea　might　degeneratedid；　alas！
  degenerateinto　wild　self…conceit；　rash　contempt　of　the　ancients；
  violent　abuse　of　his　opponents。　　But　there　was　more　than　this　in
  Paracelsus。　　He　had　one　idea　to　which；　if　he　had　kept　true；　his　life
  would　have　been　a　happier　onethe　firm　belief　that　all　pure　science
  was　a　revelation　from　God；　that　it　was　not　to　be　obtained　at　second
  or　third　hand；　by　blindly　adhering　to　the　words　of　Galen　or
  Hippocrates　or　Aristotle；　and　putting　them　（as　the　scholastic
  philosophers　round　him　did）　in　the　place　of　God：　　　but　by　going
  straight　to　nature　at　first　hand；　and　listening　to　what　Bacon　calls
  〃the　voice　of　God　revealed　in　facts。〃　　True　and　noble　is　the　passage
  with　which　he　begins　his　〃Labyrinthus　Medicorum；〃　one　of　his　attacks
  on　the　false　science　of　his　day；
  〃The　first　and　highest　book　of　all　healing；〃　he　says；　〃is　called
  wisdom；　and　without　that　book　no　man　will　carry　out　anything　good　or
  useful　。　。　。　And　that　book　is　God　Himself。　　For　in　Him　alone　who
  hath　created　all　things；　the　knowledge　and　principle　of　all