第 7 节
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无边的寒冷 更新:2021-02-20 04:47 字数:9321
(25 to 35 mm。 long); all the spines straight; at first reddish…brown;
becoming yellowish and ashy; more or less dark…tipped: flowers 2。5 cm。
long; bright scarlet (almost throughout): fruit 12 mm; long; clavate and red:
seeds black and pitted。 (Ill。 l。 c。 t。 6)Type in Herb。 Calif。 Acad。
Abundant on Magdalena and Santa Margarita Islands; western coast of
Lower California。Fl。 January。
Specimens examined: Lower California (Brandegee of 1889; on
Magdalena Island)。
The tubercles are so close together that the plant appears thickly
covered with the unusually stout and erect…spreading straight spines; a few
of the centrals being specially prominent。 The plant is more slender than
the ordinary 〃cylindrical〃 members of the genus; but stouter than the
slender hooked forms of the preceding section。
26。 Cactus rhodanthus (Link & Otto) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261
(1891)。
Mamillaria rhodanthaLink & Otto; Icon。 t。 26 (1828…31) Mamillaria
laniferaHaw。 Phil。 Mag。 lxiii。; 41 (); notSalm…Dyck (1850)。
Oblong or subcylindric; 30 cm。 or more high; 7。5 to 10 cm。 in diameter;
often forking from the middle: tubercles conical; 12 mm。 long; 8 mm。 in
diameter; with woolly axils: radial spines 16 to 20; bristle…like; white; the
lower longer (8 to 10 mm。); central spines 6 or 7; rigid; whitish with black
tip; 12 mm。 long: flowers rose color; 12 mm。 in diameter: fruit 2。5 cm。
long; cylindrical。 (Ill。 l。 c。)Type unknown。
Referred to Mexico in general; but reported as yet from San Luis
Potosi to southern Mexico。Fl。 profusely all summer。
Specimens examined: San Luis Potosi (Bourgeau 47; Pringle 3679;
Eschanzier of 1891): also growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1893。
The specimens of Bourgeau and Pringle have somewhat larger spines
than the type; as indicated by the description。
27。 Cactus rhodanthus sulphureospinus。
Mamillaria sulphureaForst。 Handb。 Cact。 (1846); not Cactus
sulphureus Gill; (1830)。Mamillaria rhodantha sulphureaSalm; Hurt。 Cact。
Dyck。 11 (1850)。
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North American Species of Cactus
Central spines sulphur…yellow; otherwise like the species。Type
unknown。
San Luis Potosi。
Specimens examined: San Luis Potosi (Pfeiffer; with no number or
date; Eschanzier of 1891)。
The varietal distinction maintained seems a small one; but it is
constant and striking; so far as can be discovered。
28。 Cactus capillaris。
Mamillaria laniferaSalm; Cact。 Hort。 Dyck。 98 (1850); not Haw。
Cactus laniferusKuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 250 (1891)。
Cylindrical and erect: tubercles crowded; conical; glaucous; with
axillary bristles: radial spines capillary and very numerous; white and
crisped; entirely covering the plant; central spines 4 to 6; rigid; straight
and spreading; straw…colored; 8 to 12 mm。 long: flowers equaling the
tubercles; the yellow petals striped with red: fruit unknown。Type
unknown。
Referred to Mexico in general; but definitely known only from
Coahuila。
Specimens examined: Coahuila。 (Palmer of 1880)。
There is a confusion of synonymy between this species and C。
rhodanthus; both having been named Mamillaria lanifera。 The earlier M。
lanifera of Haworth; however; is clearly M。 rhodantha of Link & Otto; and
although Prince Salm…Dyck revived the name for the present species; the
law of homonyms will not permit it to stand。The name proposed refers to
the abundant display of capillary radial spines; which is probably the most
notable feature。
29。 Cactus palmeri; sp。 nov。
Cylindrical: tubercles crowded; glaucous; cylindrical (somewhat
broadest above); about 4 mm。 long; with dense axillary wool containing
bristles: radial spines 25 to 30; very slender and white but rigid; about 5
mm。 long; spreading or somewhat radiant; entangled with those of
neighboring tubercles; and so covering the whole plant; central spines 3 to
5 (usually 4); more robust; erect or slightly divergent; brownish with
darker tip; 7 to 8 mm。 long: flowers small: fruit clavate and scarlet: seeds
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North American Species of Cactus
black and strongly pitted; 0。5 to 0。8 mm。 in diameter。Type; Palmer 921 in
U。 S。 Nat。 Herb。
San Benito Island; off the west coast of lower California。
Specimens examined: Lower California; San Benito Island (Palmer
921 of 1889; reported as Mamillaria Goodrichii)。
Very closely allied to C。 capillaris of eastern Mexico。
30。 Cactus stellatusWilld。 Enum。 Suppl。 30 (1813)。
Cactus pusillusDC。 Cat。 Hort。 Monsp。 184 (1813); not Haw。
(1803)。Mamillaria pusillaDC。 Prod。 iii。 459 (1828)。
A very common West Indian species; apparently differing from the
variety only in the very much fewer (12 to 20) radial spines; although
numerous specimens; both dried and living; were examined for additional
characters。This difference; however; is so constant and striking that; taken
together with the wide geographical separation; it should stand as varietal。
31。 Cactus stellatus texanus (Engelm。)。
Mamillaria pusilla texanaEngelm。 Syn。 Cact。 216 (1856)。 Mamillaria
texanaYoung; Fl。 Texas; 279 (1873)。
Ovate…globose; 2。5 to 3 cm。 in diameter; 2。5 to 6 cm。 high; proliferous
and at length cespitose: tubercles 7 to 9 mm。 long; the long axillary wool
intermixed with several coarse twisted bristles: radial spines very
numerous; in many series; the outer ones (30 to 50) capillary; white;
elongated and flexuous or crisped (12 to 16 mm; long when straightened);
the inner ones (10 to 12) more rigid; shorter (6 to 8 mm。); puberulent;
whitish or yellowish; usually dark…tipped; central spines 5 to 8; rigid;
straight; pubescent; unequal; white below and reddish or dark above:
flowers 1。5 to 2 cm。 long; the yellowish…white petals with reddish median
band: fruit 1。5 to 2 cm。 long: seeds black and shining; conspicuously pitted;
1。2 mm。 long。 (Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t 5。)Type; Bigelow specimens in
Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
From the mouth of the Rio Grande to El Paso; Tex。; and southward
into Coahuila and Chihuahua。Fl。 March…May。
Specimens examined: Texas (Bigelow of 1853; Nealley of 1892):
Coahuila (Bigelow of 1853): also growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1892 and
1893。
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North American Species of Cactus
The exterior capillary spines cover the whole plant as with a coarse
wool。
32。 Cactus pringlei; sp。 nov。
Globose (?); 5 cm。 in diameter: tubercles short…conical; about 6 mm。
long; with very woolly axils: radial spines 18 to 20; setaceous…bristly and
radiant; 5 to 8 m in。 long; central spines 5 to 7 (usually 6); stout and horny;
more or less recurved; spreading; 20 to 25 mm。 long; all straw…colored; but
the centrals darker: flowers deep red (darker; even brownish; outside); 8 to
10 mm。 long: fruit unknown。Type; Pringle of 1891 in Herb。 Gray。
San Luis Potosi。
Specimens examined: San Luis Potosi (Pringle of 1891)。
Evidently a member of the Chrysacantha group and near C。 rhodanthus
sulphureospinus; but differs in the much shorter tubercles; straw…colored
spines; shorter radials; much longer centrals; and smaller darker flowers。
33。 Cactus sphaerotrichus(Lem。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 (1891)。
Mamillaria sphaerotrichaLem。 Cact。 33 (1839)。
Depressed…globose: tubercles cylindrical; obtuse; with some axillary
bristles: radial spines very much crowded; exceedingly numerous; radiant;
very slender and bristle…like; white; central spines 6 to 10 and even more;
erect and more rigid: flowers pale reddish: fruit unknown。Type unknown。
Referred to