第 7 节
作者:无边的寒冷      更新:2021-02-20 04:47      字数:9321
  (25    to  35   mm。    long);   all  the   spines   straight;   at  first  reddish…brown;
  becoming yellowish and ashy;   more   or less dark…tipped: flowers 2。5   cm。
  long; bright scarlet (almost throughout): fruit 12 mm; long; clavate and red:
  seeds black and pitted。 (Ill。 l。 c。 t。 6)Type in Herb。 Calif。 Acad。
  Abundant on Magdalena and Santa Margarita Islands; western coast of
  Lower California。Fl。 January。
  Specimens       examined:      Lower     California     (Brandegee      of  1889;    on
  Magdalena Island)。
  The    tubercles    are  so   close   together   that   the  plant   appears    thickly
  covered with the unusually stout and erect…spreading straight spines; a few
  of the centrals being specially prominent。 The plant is more slender than
  the   ordinary   〃cylindrical〃      members   of     the   genus;   but  stouter   than   the
  slender hooked forms of the preceding section。
  26。 Cactus rhodanthus (Link & Otto) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261
  (1891)。
  Mamillaria   rhodanthaLink   &   Otto;   Icon。   t。   26   (1828…31)   Mamillaria
  laniferaHaw。 Phil。 Mag。 lxiii。; 41 (); notSalm…Dyck (1850)。
  Oblong or subcylindric; 30 cm。 or more high; 7。5 to 10 cm。 in diameter;
  often forking from the middle: tubercles conical; 12 mm。 long; 8 mm。 in
  diameter; with woolly axils: radial spines 16 to 20; bristle…like; white; the
  lower longer (8 to 10 mm。); central spines 6 or 7; rigid; whitish with black
  tip;   12   mm。   long:   flowers   rose   color;   12   mm。   in   diameter:   fruit   2。5   cm。
  long; cylindrical。 (Ill。 l。 c。)Type unknown。
  Referred   to   Mexico   in   general;   but   reported   as   yet   from   San   Luis
  Potosi to southern Mexico。Fl。 profusely all summer。
  Specimens   examined:   San   Luis   Potosi   (Bourgeau   47;   Pringle   3679;
  Eschanzier of 1891): also growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1893。
  The specimens of Bourgeau and Pringle have somewhat larger spines
  than the type; as indicated by the description。
  27。 Cactus rhodanthus sulphureospinus。
  Mamillaria       sulphureaForst。        Handb。      Cact。    (1846);     not    Cactus
  sulphureus Gill; (1830)。Mamillaria rhodantha sulphureaSalm; Hurt。 Cact。
  Dyck。 11 (1850)。
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  North American Species of Cactus
  Central     spines     sulphur…yellow;      otherwise      like   the   species。Type
  unknown。
  San Luis Potosi。
  Specimens   examined:   San   Luis   Potosi   (Pfeiffer;   with   no   number   or
  date; Eschanzier of 1891)。
  The    varietal   distinction    maintained      seems    a  small    one;   but  it  is
  constant and striking; so far as can be discovered。
  28。 Cactus capillaris。
  Mamillaria      laniferaSalm;     Cact。    Hort。   Dyck。    98   (1850);    not   Haw。
  Cactus laniferusKuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 250 (1891)。
  Cylindrical     and    erect:  tubercles    crowded;     conical;    glaucous;    with
  axillary   bristles:   radial   spines   capillary   and   very   numerous;   white   and
  crisped;   entirely   covering   the   plant;   central   spines   4   to   6;   rigid;   straight
  and   spreading;   straw…colored;   8   to   12   mm。   long:   flowers   equaling   the
  tubercles;     the   yellow     petals   striped    with    red:   fruit   unknown。Type
  unknown。
  Referred     to   Mexico     in  general;    but   definitely   known      only   from
  Coahuila。
  Specimens examined: Coahuila。 (Palmer of 1880)。
  There     is  a  confusion     of  synonymy       between     this  species    and   C。
  rhodanthus; both having been named Mamillaria lanifera。 The earlier M。
  lanifera of Haworth; however; is clearly M。 rhodantha of Link & Otto; and
  although Prince Salm…Dyck revived the name for the present species; the
  law of homonyms will not permit it to stand。The name proposed refers to
  the abundant display of capillary radial spines; which is probably the most
  notable feature。
  29。 Cactus palmeri; sp。 nov。
  Cylindrical:      tubercles    crowded;      glaucous;     cylindrical    (somewhat
  broadest above);  about 4   mm。 long;  with dense   axillary wool   containing
  bristles: radial spines 25 to 30; very slender and white but rigid; about 5
  mm。     long;    spreading     or  somewhat      radiant;    entangled    with    those   of
  neighboring tubercles; and so covering the whole plant; central spines 3 to
  5   (usually   4);   more   robust;   erect   or  slightly   divergent;    brownish     with
  darker tip; 7 to 8 mm。 long: flowers small: fruit clavate and scarlet: seeds
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  North American Species of Cactus
  black and strongly pitted; 0。5 to 0。8 mm。 in diameter。Type; Palmer 921 in
  U。 S。 Nat。 Herb。
  San Benito Island; off the west coast of lower California。
  Specimens   examined:   Lower   California;   San   Benito   Island   (Palmer
  921 of 1889; reported as Mamillaria Goodrichii)。
  Very closely allied to C。 capillaris of eastern Mexico。
  30。 Cactus stellatusWilld。 Enum。 Suppl。 30 (1813)。
  Cactus      pusillusDC。      Cat。    Hort。    Monsp。      184    (1813);    not    Haw。
  (1803)。Mamillaria pusillaDC。 Prod。 iii。 459 (1828)。
  A   very   common   West   Indian   species;   apparently   differing   from   the
  variety   only   in   the   very   much   fewer   (12   to   20)   radial   spines;   although
  numerous specimens; both dried and living; were examined for additional
  characters。This difference; however; is so constant and striking that; taken
  together with the wide geographical separation; it should stand as varietal。
  31。 Cactus stellatus texanus (Engelm。)。
  Mamillaria pusilla texanaEngelm。  Syn。  Cact。  216   (1856)。  Mamillaria
  texanaYoung; Fl。 Texas; 279 (1873)。
  Ovate…globose; 2。5 to 3 cm。 in diameter; 2。5 to 6 cm。 high; proliferous
  and at length cespitose: tubercles 7 to 9 mm。 long; the long axillary wool
  intermixed       with    several    coarse    twisted    bristles:   radial    spines    very
  numerous;   in      many   series;   the   outer   ones   (30   to  50)   capillary;   white;
  elongated and flexuous or crisped (12 to 16 mm; long when straightened);
  the   inner   ones   (10   to   12)   more   rigid;   shorter   (6   to   8   mm。);   puberulent;
  whitish   or   yellowish;   usually   dark…tipped;   central   spines   5   to   8;   rigid;
  straight;    pubescent;     unequal;    white    below    and   reddish    or  dark   above:
  flowers 1。5 to 2 cm。 long; the yellowish…white petals with reddish median
  band: fruit 1。5 to 2 cm。 long: seeds black and shining; conspicuously pitted;
  1。2   mm。   long。   (Ill。   Cact。   Mex。   Bound。   t   5。)Type;   Bigelow   specimens   in
  Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
  From  the   mouth   of   the   Rio   Grande   to   El   Paso;  Tex。;   and   southward
  into Coahuila and Chihuahua。Fl。 March…May。
  Specimens       examined:      Texas   (Bigelow      of  1853;    Nealley    of  1892):
  Coahuila   (Bigelow   of   1853):   also   growing   in   Mo。   Bot。   Gard。   1892   and
  1893。
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  North American Species of Cactus
  The   exterior   capillary  spines   cover   the   whole   plant   as   with   a   coarse
  wool。
  32。 Cactus pringlei; sp。 nov。
  Globose (?); 5 cm。 in diameter: tubercles short…conical; about 6 mm。
  long; with very woolly axils: radial spines 18 to 20; setaceous…bristly and
  radiant; 5 to 8 m in。 long; central spines 5 to 7 (usually 6); stout and horny;
  more or less recurved; spreading; 20 to 25 mm。 long; all straw…colored; but
  the centrals darker: flowers deep red (darker; even brownish; outside); 8 to
  10 mm。 long: fruit unknown。Type; Pringle of 1891 in Herb。 Gray。
  San Luis Potosi。
  Specimens examined: San Luis Potosi (Pringle of 1891)。
  Evidently a member of the Chrysacantha group and near C。 rhodanthus
  sulphureospinus; but   differs   in   the much   shorter tubercles;  straw…colored
  spines; shorter radials; much longer centrals; and smaller darker flowers。
  33。 Cactus sphaerotrichus(Lem。) Kuntze; Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 (1891)。
  Mamillaria sphaerotrichaLem。 Cact。 33 (1839)。
  Depressed…globose:   tubercles   cylindrical;   obtuse;   with   some   axillary
  bristles: radial spines very much crowded; exceedingly numerous; radiant;
  very slender and bristle…like; white; central spines 6 to 10 and even more;
  erect and more rigid: flowers pale reddish: fruit unknown。Type unknown。
  Referred to