Whatever　view　we　may　take　of　it；　the　medicine　of　the　New　Testament　is　full　of　interest。　　Divination　is　only　referred　to　once　in　the　Acts　（xvi；　16）；　where　a　damsel　is　said　to　be　possessed　of　a　spirit　of　divination　〃which　brought　her　masters　much　gain　by　soothsaying。〃　　There　is　only　one　mention　of　astrology　（Acts　vii；　43）；　there　are　no　witches；　neither　are　there　charms　or　incantations。　　The　diseases　mentioned　are　numerous：　demoniac　possession；　convulsions；　paralysis；　skin　diseases；as　leprosy；dropsy；　haemorrhages；　fever；　fluxes；　blindness　and　deafness。　　And　the　cure　is　simple　usually　a　fiat　of　the　Lord；　rarely　with　a　prayer；　or　with　the　use　of　means　such　as　spittle。　They　are　all　miraculous；　and　the　same　power　was　granted　to　the　apostles〃power　against　unclean　spirits；　to　cast　them　out；　to　heal　all　manner　of　sickness　and　all　manner　of　disease。〃　And　more　than　this；　not　only　the　blind　received　their　sight；　the　lame　walked；　the　lepers　were　cleansed；　the　deaf　heard；　but　even　the　dead　were　raised　up。　　No　question　of　the　mandate。　He　who　went　about　doing　good　was　a　physician　of　the　body　as　well　as　of　the　soul；　and　could　the　rich　promises　of　the　Gospel　have　been　fulfilled；　there　would　have　been　no　need　of　a　new　dispensation　of　science。　　It　may　be　because　the　children　of　this　world　have　never　been　able　to　accept　its　hard　sayingsthe　insistence　upon　poverty；　upon　humility；　upon　peace　that　Christianity　has　lost　touch　no　less　with　the　practice　than　with　the　principles　of　its　Founder。　　Yet；　all　through　the　centuries；　the　Church　has　never　wholly　abandoned　the　claim　to　apostolic　healing；　nor　is　there　any　reason　why　she　should。　　To　the　miraculous　there　should　be　no　time　limitonly　conditions　have　changed　and　nowadays　to　have　a　mountain…moving　faith　is　not　easy。　Still；　the　possession　is　cherished；　and　it　adds　enormously　to　the　spice　and　variety　of　life　to　know　that　men　of　great　intelligence；　for　example；　my　good　friend；　Dr。　James　J。　Walsh　of　New　York；　believe　in　the　miracles　of　Lourdes。＇24＇　Only　a　few　weeks　ago；　the　Bishop　of　London　followed　with　great　success；　it　is　said；　the　practice　of　St。　James。　　It　does　not　really　concern　us　muchas　Oriental　views　of　disease　and　its　cure　have　had　very　little　influence　on　the　evolution　of　scientific　medicineexcept　in　illustration　of　the　persistence　of　an　attitude　towards　disease　always　widely　prevalent；　and；　indeed；　increasing。　Nor　can　we　say　that　the　medicine　of　our　great　colleague；　St。　Luke；　the　Beloved　Physician；　whose　praise　is　in　the　Gospels；　differs　so　fundamentally　from　that　of　the　other　writings　of　the　New　Testament　that　we　can　claim　for　it　a　scientific　quality。　The　stories　of　the　miracles　have　technical　terms　and　are　in　a　language　adorned　by　medical　phraseology；　but　the　mental　attitude　towards　disease　is　certainly　not　that　of　a　follower　of　Hippocrates；　nor　even　of　a　scientifically　trained　contemporary　of　Dioscorides。＇25＇
  ＇24＇　Psychotherapy；　New　York；　1919；　p。　79；　〃I　am　convinced　that　miracles　happen　there。　There　is　more　than　natural　power　manifest。〃
  ＇25＇　See　Luke　the　Physician；　by　Harnack；　English　ed。；　1907；　and　W。　K。　Hobart；　The　Medical　Language　of　St。　Luke；　1882。
  CHINESE　AND　JAPANESE　MEDICINE
  CHINESE　medicine　illustrates　the　condition　at　which　a　highly　intellectual　people　may　arrive；　among　whom　thought　and　speculation　were　restricted　by　religious　prohibitions。　Perhaps　the　chief　interest　in　its　study　lies　in　the　fact　that　we　may　see　today　the　persistence　of　views　about　disease　similar　to　those　which　prevailed　in　ancient　Egypt　and　Babylonia。　　The　Chinese　believe　in　a　universal　animism；　all　parts　being　animated　by　gods　and　spectres；　and　devils　swarm　everywhere　in　numbers　incalculable。　The　universe　was　spontaneously　created　by　the　operation　of　its　Tao；　〃composed　of　two　souls；　the　Yang　and　the　Yin；　the　Yang　represents　light；　warmth；　production；　and　life；　as　also　the　celestial　sphere　from　which　all　those　blessings　emanate；　the　Yin　is　darkness；　cold；　death；　and　the　earth；　which；　unless　animated　by　the　Yang　or　heaven；　is　dark；　cold；　dead。　The　Yang　and　the　Yin　are　divided　into　an　infinite　number　of　spirits　respectively　good　and　bad；　called　shen　and　kwei；　every　man　and　every　living　being　contains　a　shen　and　a　kwei；　infused　at　birth；　and　departing　at　death；　to　return　to　the　Yang　and　the　Yin。　　Thus　man　with　his　dualistic　soul　is　a　microcosmos；　born　from　the　Macrocosmos　spontaneously。　　Even　every　object　is　animated；　as　well　as　the　Universe　of　which　it　is　a　part。〃＇26＇
  ＇26＇　J。　J。　M。　de　Groot：　　Religious　System　of　China；　Vol。　VI；　Leyden；　1910；　p。　929。
  In　the　animistic　religion　of　China；　the　Wu　represented　a　group　of　persons　of　both　sexes；　who　wielded；　with　respect　to　the　world　of　spirits；　capacities　and　powers　not　possessed　by　the　rest　of　men。　Many　practitioners　of　Wu　were　physicians　who；　in　addition　to　charms　and　enchantments；　used　death…banishing　medicinal　herbs。　Of　great　antiquity；　Wu…ism　has　changed　in　some　ways　its　outward　aspect；　but　has　not　altered　its　fundamental　characters。　　The　Wu；　as　exorcising　physicians　and　practitioners　of　the　medical　art；　may　be　traced　in　classical　literature　to　the　time　of　Confucius。　In　addition　to　charms　and　spells；　there　were　certain　famous　poems　which　were　repeated；　one　of　which；　by　Han　Yu；　of　the　T'ang　epoch；　had　an　extraordinary　vogue。　De　Groot　says　that　the　〃Ling；〃　or　magical　power　of　this　poem　must　have　been　enormous；　seeing　that　its　author　was　a　powerful　mandarin；　and　also　one　of　the　loftiest　intellects　China　has　produced。　This　poetic　febrifuge　is　translated　in　full　by　de　Groot　（VI；　1054…1055）；　and　the　demon　of　fever；　potent　chiefly　in　the　autumn；　is　admonished　to　begone　to　the　clear　and　limpid　waters　of　the　deep　river。
  In　the　High　Medical　College　at　Court；　in　the　T'ang　Dynasty；　there　were　four　classes　of　Masters；　attached　to　its　two　High　Medical　Chiefs：　　Masters　of　Medicine；　of　Acupuncture；　of　Manipulation；　and　two　Masters　for　Frustration　by　means　of　Spells。
  Soothsaying　and　exorcism　may　be　traced　far　back　to　the　fifth　and　sixth　centuries　B。C。
  In　times　of　epidemic　the　specialists　of　Wu…ism；　who　act　as　seers；　soothsayers　and　exorcists；　engage　in　processions；　stripped　to　the　waist；　dancing　in　a　frantic；　delirious　state；　covering　themselves　with　blood　by　means　of　prick…balls；　or　with　needles　thrust　through　their　tongues；　or　sitting　or　stretching　themselves　on　nail　points　or　rows　of　sword　edges。　　In　this　way　they　frighten　the　spectres　of　disease。　They　are　nearly　all　young；　and　are　spoken　of　as　〃divining　youths；〃　and　they　use　an　exorcising　magic　based　on　the　principle　that　legions　of　spectres　prone　to　evil　live　in　the　machine　of　the　world。　（De　Groot；　VI；　983…985。）
  The　Chinese　believe　that　it　is　the　Tao；　or　〃Order　of　the　Universe；〃　which　affords　immunity　from　evil；　and　according　to　whether　or　no　the　birth　occurred　in　a　beneficent　year；　dominated　by　four　double　cyclical　characters；　the　horoscope　is　〃heavy〃　or　〃light。〃　Those　with　light　horoscopes　are　specially　prone　to　incurable　complaints；　but　much　harm　can　be　averted　if　such　an　individual　be　surrounded　with　exorcising　objects；　if　he　be　given　proper　amulets　to　wear　and　proper　medicines　to　swallow；　and　by　selecting　for　him　auspicious　days　and　hours。
  Two　or　three　special　points　may　be　referred　to。　　The　doctrine　of　the　pulse　reached　such　extraordinary　development　that　the　whole　practice　of　the　art　centred　round　its　different　characters。　There　were　scores　of　varieties；　which　in　complication　and　detail　put　to　confusion　the　complicated　system　of　some　of　the　old　Graeco…Roman　writers。　　The　basic　idea　seems　to　have　been　that　each　part　and　organ　had　its　own　proper　pulse；　and　just　as　in　a　stringed　instrument　each　chord　has　its　own　tone；　so　in　the　human　body；　if　the　pulses　were　in　harmony；　it　meant　health；　if　there　was　discord；　it　meant　disease。　　These　Chinese　views　reached　Europe　in　the　seventeenth　and　eighteenth　centuries；　and　there　is　a　very　elaborate　description　of　them　in　Floyer's　well…known　book。＇27＇　And　the　idea　of　harmony　in　the　pulse　is　met　with　into　the　eighteenth　century。
  ＇27＇　Sir　John　Floyer：　　The　Physician's　Pulse　Watch；　etc。；　London；　1707。
  Organotherapy　was　as　extensively　practiced　in　China　as　in　Egypt。　Parts　of　organs；　various　secretions　and　excretions　are　very　commonly　used。　　One　useful　method　of　practice　reached　a　remarkable　development；　viz。；　the　art　of　acupuncturethe　thrusting　of　fine　needles　more　or　less　deeply　into　the　affected　part。　There　are　some　388　spots　on　the　body　in　which　acupuncture　could　be　performed；　and　so　well　had　long　experience　taught　them　as　to　the　points　of　danger；　that　the　course　of　the　arteries　may　be　traced　by　the　tracts　that　are　avoided。　The　Chinese　practiced　inoculation　for　smallpox　as　early　as　the　eleventh　century。
  Even　the　briefest　sketch　of　the　condition　of　Chinese　medicine　leaves　the　impression　of　the　appalling　stagnation　and　sterility　that　may　afflict　a　really　intelligent　people　for　thousands　of　years。　It　is　doubtful　if　they　are　today　in　a　very　much　more　advanced　condition　than　were　the　Egyptians　at　the　time　when　the　Ebers　Papyrus　was　written。　From　one　point　of　view　it　is　an　interesting　experiment；　as　illustrating　the　state　in　which　a　people　may　remain　who　have　no　knowledge　of　anatomy；　physiology　or　pathology。
  Early　Japanese　medicine　has　not　much　to　distinguish