第 23 节
作者:敏儿不觉      更新:2021-02-19 21:45      字数:9322
  attention of any man in power; and should thus be the means of
  applying any remedy to the most inveterate evils; at least; I
  have obtained my whole desire; and shall have lain so long
  wind…bound in the ports of this kingdom to some purpose。  I
  would; indeed; have this workwhich; if I should live to finish
  it; a matter of no great certainty; if indeed of any great hope
  to me; will be probably the last I shall ever undertaketo
  produce some better end than the mere diversion of the reader。
  Monday。This day our captain went ashore; to dine with a
  gentleman who lives in these parts; and who so exactly resembles
  the character given by Homer of Axylus; that the only difference
  I can trace between them is; the one; living by the highway;
  erected his hospitality chiefly in favor of land…travelers; and
  the other; living by the water…side; gratified his humanity by
  accommodating the wants of the mariner。
  In the evening our commander received a visit from a brother
  bashaw; who lay wind…bound in the same harbor。  This latter
  captain was a Swiss。  He was then master of a vessel bound to
  Guinea; and had formerly been a privateering; when our own hero
  was employed in the same laudable service。  The honesty and
  freedom of the Switzer; his vivacity; in which he was in no
  respect inferior to his near neighbors the French; the awkward
  and affected politeness; which was likewise of French extraction;
  mixed with the brutal roughness of the English tarfor he had
  served under the colors of this nation and his crew had been of
  the samemade such an odd variety; such a hotch…potch of
  character; that I should have been much diverted with him; had
  not his voice; which was as loud as a speaking…trumpet;
  unfortunately made my head ache。  The noise which he conveyed
  into the deaf ears of his brother captain; who sat on one side of
  him; the soft addresses with which; mixed with awkward bows; he
  saluted the ladies on the other; were so agreeably contrasted;
  that a man must not only have been void of all taste of humor;
  and insensible of mirth; but duller than Cibber is represented in
  the Dunciad; who could be unentertained with him a little while;
  for; I confess; such entertainments should always be very short;
  as they are very liable to pall。  But he suffered not this to
  happen at present; for; having given us his company a quarter of
  an hour only; he retired; after many apologies for the shortness
  of his visit。
  Tuesday。The wind being less boisterous than it had hitherto
  been since our arrival here; several fishing…boats; which the
  tempestuous weather yesterday had prevented from working; came on
  board us with fish。  This was so fresh; so good in kind; and so
  very cheap; that we supplied ourselves in great numbers; among
  which were very large soles at fourpence a pair; and whitings of
  almost a preposterous size at ninepence a score。  The only fish
  which bore any price was a john doree; as it is called。  I bought
  one of at least four pounds weight for as many shillings。  It
  resembles a turbot in shape; but exceeds it in firmness and
  flavor。  The price had the appearance of being considerable when
  opposed to the extraordinary cheapness of others of value; but
  was; in truth; so very reasonable when estimated by its goodness;
  that it left me under no other surprise than how the gentlemen of
  this country; not greatly eminent for the delicacy of their
  taste; had discovered the preference of the doree to all other
  fish:  but I was informed that Mr。 Quin; whose distinguishing
  tooth hath been so justly celebrated; had lately visited
  Plymouth; and had done those honors to the doree which are so
  justly due to it from that sect of modern philosophers who; with
  Sir Epicure Mammon; or Sir Epicure Quin; their head; seem more to
  delight in a fish…pond than in a garden; as the old Epicureans
  are said to have done。
  Unfortunately for the fishmongers of London; the doree resides
  only in those seas; for; could any of this company but convey one
  to the temple of luxury under the Piazza; where Macklin the
  high…priest daily serves up his rich offerings to that goddess;
  great would be the reward of that fishmonger; in blessings poured
  down upon him from the goddess; as great would his merit be
  towards the high…priest; who could never be thought to overrate
  such valuable incense。
  And here; having mentioned the extreme cheapness of fish in the
  Devonshire sea; and given some little hint of the extreme
  dearness with which this commodity is dispensed by those who deal
  in it in London; I cannot pass on without throwing forth an
  observation or two; with the same view with which I have
  scattered my several remarks through this voyage; sufficiently
  satisfied in having finished my life; as I have probably lost it;
  in the service of my country; from the best of motives; though it
  should be attended with the worst of success。  Means are always
  in our power; ends are very seldom so。
  Of all the animal foods with which man is furnished; there are
  none so plenty as fish。  A little rivulet; that glides almost
  unperceived through a vast tract of rich land; will support more
  hundreds with the flesh of its inhabitants than the meadow will
  nourish individuals。  But if this be true of rivers; it is much
  truer of the sea…shores; which abound with such immense variety
  of fish that the curious fisherman; after he hath made his
  draught; often culls only the daintiest part and leaves the rest
  of his prey to perish on the shore。  If this be true it would
  appear; I think; that there is nothing which might be had in such
  abundance; and consequently so cheap; as fish; of which Nature
  seems to have provided such inexhaustible stores with some
  peculiar design。  In the production of terrestrial animals she
  proceeds with such slowness; that in the larger kind a single
  female seldom produces more than one a…year; and this again
  requires three; for; or five years more to bring it to
  perfection。  And though the lesser quadrupeds; those of the wild
  kind particularly; with the birds; do multiply much faster; yet
  can none of these bear any proportion with the aquatic animals;
  of whom every female matrix is furnished with an annual offspring
  almost exceeding the power of numbers; and which; in many
  instances at least; a single year is capable of bringing to some
  degree of maturity。
  What then ought in general to be so plentiful; what so cheap; as
  fish?  What then so properly the food of the poor?  So in many
  places they are; and so might they always be in great cities;
  which are always situated near the sea; or on the conflux of
  large rivers。  How comes it then; to look no farther abroad for
  instances; that in our city of London the case is so far
  otherwise that; except that of sprats; there is not one poor
  palate in a hundred that knows the taste of fish?
  It is true indeed that this taste is generally of such excellent
  flavor that it exceeds the power of French cookery to treat the
  palates of the rich with anything more exquisitely delicate; so
  that was fish the common food of the poor it might put them too
  much upon an equality with their betters in the great article of
  eating; in which; at present; in the opinion of some; the great
  difference in happiness between man and man consists。  But this
  argument I shall treat with the utmost disdain:  for if ortolans
  were as big as buzzards; and at the same time as plenty as
  sparrows; I should hold it yet reasonable to indulge the poor
  with the dainty; and that for this cause especially; that the
  rich would soon find a sparrow; if as scarce as an ortolan; to be
  much the greater; as it would certainly be the rarer; dainty of
  the two。
  Vanity or scarcity will be always the favorite of luxury; but
  honest hunger will be satisfied with plenty。  Not to search
  deeper into the cause of the evil; I should think it abundantly
  sufficient to propose the remedies of it。  And; first; I humbly
  submit the absolute necessity of immediately hanging all the
  fishmongers within the bills of mortality; and; however it might
  have been some time ago the opinion of mild and temporizing men
  that the evil complained of might be removed by gentler methods;
  I suppose at this day there are none who do not see the
  impossibility of using such with any effect。  Cuncta prius
  tentanda might have been formerly urged with some plausibility;
  but cuncta prius tentata may now be replied:  for surely; if a
  few monopolizing fishmongers could defeat that excellent scheme
  of the Westminster market; to the erecting which so many justices
  of peace; as well as other wise and learned men; did so
  vehemently apply themselves; that they might be truly said not
  only to have laid the whole strength of their heads; but of their
  shoulders too; to the business; it would be a vain endeavor for
  any other body of men to attempt to remove so stubborn a
  nuisance。
  If it should be doubt