第 365 节
作者:九米      更新:2021-02-19 21:31      字数:8830
  Such impulse his rule?
  27
  Expert marching leaves no trails;
  Expert wording has no flaws;
  Expert reckoning needs no tallies。
  Well…sealed doors have no crossbar
  Yet cannot be opened。
  Well…tied knots employ no cord;
  Yet cannot be loosened。
  Accordingly; the wise know how to salvage men
  And make sure none go to waste;
  They know how to salvage things
  And make sure none go to waste;
  This is called far…reaching insight。
  The expert learns from the expert;
  And draws lessons from the unfit。
  Not to value the teacher;
  Not to hold dear his subjects
  Is misguided in even the most learned。
  This is called the crucial secret。
  28
  Acknowledge the male;
  But retain the female:
  Be a drain…way for the world below the sky。
  As a drain…way for the world below the sky;
  Your constant power will never depart;
  Will lead back home to infancy。
  Acknowledge the white
  But remember the black:
  Be a measure for the world below the sky。
  As a measure for the world below the sky;
  Your constant power will never decline;
  Will lead you back home to before duality。
  Acknowledge honours;
  But remember humility;
  Be a valley for the world below the sky。
  As a valley for the world below the sky;
  Your constant power will suffice;
  Will lead back home to stark simplicity。
  揂s simplicity disintegrated useful things were forged?
  These were the words that wise men went by
  When serving as officers and elders;
  For fine cutters never harm the stone。
  29
  Whoever mean to take this realm and rule it ?br》 I see them failing to attain that end。
  For this realm below; a sacred vessel;
  Never may be subject to such rule。
  They ruin it who try;
  Lose it who hold on。
  All living things of form
  Now move ahead; now trail behind;
  Now breathe hot; now cold;
  Now wax strong; now fade;
  Now are safely set; but soon will fall。
  And so the wise stay far from
  All extremes; all surfeit; all grandeur。
  30
  Those who guide their leaders by the Way
  Will not urge war to dominate the world;
  For such a course is bound to haunt its taker。
  Fields where armies camp grow thorns and weeds;
  And plague and famine follow every war。
  When the fruits of victory desist;
  Never seek to break a beaten foe;
  And flaunt no prowess with the victory;
  Assert no strength; show no pride;
  Be a visitor against your will;
  A victor who will not dominate。
  揃eware old age in pride of manly might?
  This warns you work not against the Way。
  揥ork against the Way; die before your day。?br》
  31
  Weapons of war are omens of doom;
  To be loathed by every living thing
  And shunned by those who keep the Way。
  Presiding at court the leader honours the left。
  Resorting to war he honours the right。
  But weapons are never the leader抯 choice。
  Weapons of war are omens of doom;
  Not to be used unless compelled。
  Above all; with mind and heart unstirred;
  To arms give no glory:
  For to glory in arms
  Is to sing and rejoice in the slaughter of men。
  And singers in praise of the slaughter of men
  Shall not in this world gain their ends。
  Thus the left is for deeds that are blessed;
  The right is for deeds that bring death。
  To the left the minor commander;
  To the right the chief general:
  Placed for the rites to honour the dead。
  When the slaughter is great;
  Let the leader come forth to keen for the slain;
  The victory won;
  To perform solemn rites in mourning the day。
  32
  The Way continues on unnamed。
  Though in its unhewn rawness low and humble;
  None in the realm can force it to serve。
  When lords and kings to this Way keep;
  Ten thousand things as honoured guests attend。
  When heaven and earth cojoined and shed sky…mead;
  Uncommanded the people shared it fairly。
  But the advent of rule brought names;
  And names meant mastering restraint。
  To master restraint ensures survival。
  The Ways presence in the realm of men;
  As valley streams join rivers; then the ocean。
  33
  Knowledge knows others
  But wisdom the self。
  Power conquers others
  But strength the self。
  To know contentment is wealth;
  To act with strength resolve。
  Long as those who do not lose their place may last;
  Timeless those who die but perish not。
  34
  The Way moves like the turning tide;
  Leftward; rightward; lending its aid。
  Ten thousand on the Way depend;
  By it they live; the Way; never shirking;
  Attain success; fulfills its tasks;
  Without its ever being named。
  Under its mantle all beings thrive;
  But ruling them not; not desiring aught;
  The Way wins the name of humble and low。
  All beings bend to that home of no known master;
  And thus the Way wins the name supreme。
  And so may the wise achieve this themselves:
  To shun self…supremacy all of their days
  Is the way they achieve things supreme。
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  Maintain all semblance of the Way supreme
  And all the world will follow your royal lead
  And do so without harm to each other;
  Thus sharing in peace and calm and plenty。
  The sounds of music and the banquet scene
  May tempt the passing traveler to pause;
  The truths we utter here are bland and plain:
  Look; but there is nothing for the eye;
  Listen; there is nothing for the ear;
  But use them and they never fail to serve。
  36
  To what you mean to draw in; first give slack
  And make strong what you would weaken;
  Raise up whom you would remove;
  And provide when you mean to deprive。
  That is to do the unseen; unseen。
  For over the hard and the strong
  The soft and the weak shall prevail。
  Like fish down deep that cannot be lured;
  Hold craft of policy far from view。
  37
  The Dao in constant circum…motion;
  Pursuing no end leaves nothing not dome ?br》 Let lords and kings to this conform
  And all shall turn to them in trust。
  Should then desires assert themselves;
  We shall humble them with stark no…naming ?br》 Yes; humble them with the starkness of no…naming;
  And thus there shall be no desire;
  And out of the repose of no…desire;
  The world on its own will come to order。
  38
  High virtue by obliging not
  Acquires moral force。
  Low virtue obliges always
  And thus lacks moral force。
  High virtue neither strives
  Nor acts for its own ends。
  Low virtue does not strive
  But acts for its own ends。
  High kindness does strive
  But not for its own ends。
  High service also strives
  And does so for its ends。
  High ritual not only strives
  But; compliance failing; stops at nothing
  To compel conformance。
  Thus the loss of the Way
  Meant the advent of virtue;
  The loss of virtue
  The advent of kindness;
  The loss of kindness
  The advent of service;
  The loss of service
  The advent of ritual rule。
  Ritual rule turned loyal trust to deceit;
  Leading to disorder。
  All that has been learned adorns the Way
  And engenders delusion。
  Hence those strong and true keep commitment;
  Shun deceit;
  Stay with the kernel that抯 real;
  And sun flowery adornment;
  Choosing the first; refusing the last。
  39
  From ancient times the foremost number
  Has kept the heavens clear and pure;
  The earth below firm and secure;
  And made its spirits animate;
  And its vales exuberant;
  Enabled being to procreate;
  And kings and lords to tell their fate。
  Without that one prime integer
  Heaven would crack; since not kept pure;
  And earth would split; since not secure。
  Spirits would fade since not vital;
  And valleys fail; since not fruitful。
  All things would die; not procreating;
  And kings would fall; their fate mistaking。
  The noble and the lowly are sustained;
  Those above must have support below。
  Hence lords and kings themselves proclaim
  揃ereft;?揵ereaved;?or 揾umble slave;?br》 Relying on a lowly name。
  Is it not so?
  Thus 揻requent praising brings no fame。?br》 揚refer not jade抯 gentle chime
  To dull stone抯 harsher tang。?br》
  40
  The Way moves on by contra…motion;
  Yielding is the application。
  Becoming begets all beings below;
  Becoming begotten of negation。
  41
  When men of service hearken to the Way;
  The lofty strive to see it applied;
  The average cannot seem to decide;
  While the lower sort grandly deride。
  Their derision makes Dao抯 reputation。
  So the Words of Guidance says:
  揝eers of the Way seem not to see
  And those who advance; to retreat。
  The smoothest path seems unsure;
  Honoured virtue seems undistinguished;
  Ample virtue unqualified;
  Resolute virtue undependable;
  Stable virtue unfaithful。
  Pure white seems impure;
  Broad planes lack angles;
  Great works take ti