第 338 节
作者:九米      更新:2021-02-19 21:31      字数:8819
  It does not call; yet all things meet it;
  It does not plan; yet all things are determined by it。
  Fate's net is vast and its mesh is coarse;
  Yet none escape it。
  74
  Execution
  If people were not afraid of death;
  Then what would be the use of an executioner?
  If people were only afraid of death;
  And you executed everyone who did not obey;
  No one would dare to disobey you。
  Then what would be the use of an executioner?
  People fear death because death is an instrument of fate。
  When people are killed by execution rather than by fate;
  This is like carving wood in the place of a carpenter。
  Those who carve wood in place of a carpenter Often injure their hands。
  75
  Rebellion
  When rulers take grain so that they may feast;
  Their people become hungry;
  When rulers take action to serve their own interests;
  Their people become rebellious;
  When rulers take lives so that their own lives are maintained;
  Their people no longer fear death。
  When people act without regard for their own lives
  They overcome those who value only their own lives。
  76
  Flexibility
  A newborn is soft and tender;
  A crone; hard and stiff。
  Plants and animals; in life; are supple and succulent;
  In death; withered and dry。
  So softness and tenderness are attributes of life;
  And hardness and stiffness; attributes of death。
  Just as a sapless tree will split and decay
  So an inflexible force will meet defeat;
  The hard and mighty lie beneath the ground
  While the tender and weak dance on the breeze above。
  77
  Need
  Is the action of nature not unlike drawing a bow?
  What is higher is pulled down; and what is lower is raised up;
  What is taller is shortened; and what is thinner is broadened;
  Nature's motion decreases those who have more than they need
  And increases those who need more than they have。
  It is not so with Man。
  Man decreases those who need more than they have
  And increases those who have more than they need。
  To give away what you do not need is to follow the Way。
  So the sage gives without expectation;
  Accomplishes without claiming credit;
  And has no desire for ostentation。
  78
  Yielding
  Nothing in the world is as soft and yielding as water;
  Yet nothing can better overcome the hard and strong;
  For they can neither control nor do away with it。
  The soft overcomes the hard;
  The yielding overcomes the strong;
  Every person knows this;
  But no one can practice it。
  Who attends to the people would control the land and grain;
  Who attends to the state would control the whole world;
  Truth is easily hidden by rhetoric。
  79
  Reconciliation
  When conflict is reconciled; some hard feelings remain;
  This is dangerous。
  The sage accepts less than is due
  And does not blame or punish;
  For harmony seeks agreement
  Where justice seeks payment。
  The ancients said: 〃nature is impartial;
  Therefore it serves those who serve all。〃
  80
  Utopia
  Let your community be small; with only a few people;
  Keep tools in abundance; but do not depend upon them;
  Appreciate your life and be content with your home;
  Sail boats and ride horses; but don't go too far;
  Keep weapons and armour; but do not employ them;
  Let everyone read and write;
  Eat well and make beautiful things。
  Live peacefully and delight in your own society;
  Dwell within cock…crow of your neighbours;
  But maintain your independence from them。
  81
  The Sage
  Honest people use no rhetoric;
  Rhetoric is not honesty。
  Enlightened people are not cultured;
  Culture is not enlightenment。
  Content people are not rich;
  Riches are not contentment。
  So the sage does not serve himself;
  The more he does for others; the more he is satisfied;
  The more he gives; the more he receives。
  Nature flourishes at the expense of no one;
  So the sage benefits all men and contends with none。
  English_Mitchell_TTK
  Das Tao Te King von Lao Tse
  Chinese … English by
  Stephen Mitchell; 1988
  1
  The tao that can be told
  is not the eternal Tao
  The name that can be named
  is not the eternal Name。
  The unnamable is the eternally real。
  Naming is the origin
  of all particular things。
  Free from desire; you realize the mystery。
  Caught in desire; you see only the manifestations。
  Yet mystery and manifestations
  arise from the same source。
  This source is called darkness。
  Darkness within darkness。
  The gateway to all understanding。
  2
  When people see some things as beautiful;
  other things become ugly。
  When people see some things as good;
  other things become bad。
  Being and non…being create each other。
  Difficult and easy support each other。
  Long and short define each other。
  High and low depend on each other。
  Before and after follow each other。
  Therefore the Master
  acts without doing anything
  and teaches without saying anything。
  Things arise and she lets them come;
  things disappear and she lets them go。
  She has but doesn't possess;
  acts but doesn't expect。
  When her work is done; she forgets it。
  That is why it lasts forever。
  3
  If you overesteem great men;
  people become powerless。
  If you overvalue possessions;
  people begin to steal。
  The Master leads
  by emptying people's minds
  and filling their cores;
  by weakening their ambition
  and toughening their resolve。
  He helps people lose everything
  they know; everything they desire;
  and creates confusion
  in those who think that they know。
  Practice not…doing;
  and everything will fall into place。
  4
  The Tao is like a well:
  used but never used up。
  It is like the eternal void:
  filled with infinite possibilities。
  It is hidden but always present。
  I don't know who gave birth to it。
  It is older than God。
  5
  The Tao doesn't take sides;
  it gives birth to both good and evil。
  The Master doesn't take sides;
  she welcomes both saints and sinners。
  The Tao is like a bellows:
  it is empty yet infinitely capable。
  The more you use it; the more it produces;
  the more you talk of it; the less you understand。
  Hold on to the center。
  6
  The Tao is called the Great Mother:
  empty yet inexhaustible;
  it gives birth to infinite worlds。
  It is always present within you。
  You can use it any way you want。
  7
  The Tao is infinite; eternal。
  Why is it eternal?
  It was never born;
  thus it can never die。
  Why is it infinite?
  It has no desires for itself;
  thus it is present for all beings。
  The Master stays behind;
  that is why she is ahead。
  She is detached from all things;
  that is why she is one with them。
  Because she has let go of herself;
  she is perfectly fulfilled。
  8
  The supreme good is like water;
  which nourishes all things without trying to。
  It is content with the low places that people disdain。
  Thus it is like the Tao。
  In dwelling; live close to the ground。
  In thinking; keep to the simple。
  In conflict; be fair and generous。
  In governing; don't try to control。
  In work; do what you enjoy。
  In family life; be completely present。
  When you are content to be simply yourself
  and don't compare or compete;
  everybody will respect you。
  9
  Fill your bowl to the brim
  and it will spill。
  Keep sharpening your knife
  and it will blunt。
  Chase after money and security
  and your heart will never unclench。
  Care about people's approval
  and you will be their prisoner。
  Do your work; then step back。
  The only path to serenity。
  10
  Can you coax your mind from its wandering
  and keep to the original oneness?
  Can you let your body become
  supple as a newborn child's?
  Can you cleanse your inner vision
  until you see nothing but the light?
  Can you love people and lead them
  without imposing your will?
  Can you deal with the most vital matters
  by letting events take their course?
  Can you step back from you own mind
  and thus understand all things?
  Giving birth and nourishing;
  having without possessing;
  acting with no expectations;
  leading and not trying to control:
  this is the supreme virtue。
  11
  We join spokes together in a wheel;
  but it is the center hole
  that makes the wagon move。
  We shape clay into a pot;
  but it is the emptiness inside
  that holds whatever we want。
  We hammer wood for a house;
  but it is the inner space
  that makes it livable。
  We work with being;
  but non…being is what we use。
  12
  Colors blind the eye。
  Sounds dea