第 106 节
作者:九米      更新:2021-02-19 21:29      字数:8985
  Place therefore the army where there is no army; prepare for actionwhere
  there is no engagement; strike where there is no conflict; advance
  against the enemy where the enemy is not。
  There is no error so great as to engage in battle without sufficient
  force。 To do so is to risk losing the gentleness which is beyond price。
  Thus when the lines actually engage; he who regretteth the necessityis
  the victor。
  70
  THE DIFFICULTY OF RIGHT APPREHENSION
  My words are easy to understand and to perform; but is there anyonein
  the world who can understand them and perform them?
  My words derive from a creative and universal Principle; in accord with
  the One Law。 Men; not knowing these; understand me not。
  Few are they that understand me; therefore am I the more to be valued。
  The Wise Man weareth sack…cloth; but guardeth his jewel in his bosom。
  71
  THE DISTEMPER OF KNOWLEDGE
  To know; yet to know nothing; is the highest; not to know; yet to pretend
  to knowledge; is a distemper。
  Painful is this distemper; therefore we shun it。 The wise man hath it
  not。 Knowing it to be bound up with Sorrow; he putteth it away fromhim。
  72
  CONCERNING LOVE OF SELF
  When men fear not that which is to be feared; that which they fearcometh
  upon them。
  Let them not live; without thought; the superficial life。
  Let them not weary of the Spring of Life!
  By avoiding the superficial life; this weariness cometh not upon them。
  These things the wise man knoweth; not showeth: he loveth himself;
  without isolating his value。 He accepteth the former and rejecteth
  the latter。
  73
  ESTABLISHING THE LAW OF FREEDOM
  One man; daring; is executed; another; not daring; liveth。 It wouldseem
  as if the one course were profitable and the other detrimental。 Yetwhen
  Heaven smiteth a man; who shall assign the cause thereof? Thereforethe
  sage is diffident。
  The Tao of Heaven contendeth not; yet it overcometh; it is silent; yet
  its need is answered; it summoneth none; but all men come to it oftheir
  free will。 Its method is quietness; yet its will is efficient。 Large
  are the meshes of Heaven's Net; wide open; yet letting none escape。
  74
  A RESTRAINT OF MISUNDERSTANDING
  The people have no fear of death; why then seek to awe them by thethreat
  of death? If the people feared death and I could put to death evil…doers;
  who would dare to offend?
  There is one appointed to inflict death。 He who would usurp that position
  resembleth a hewer of wood doing the work of a carpenter。 Such an one;
  presumptuous; will be sure to cut his own hands。
  75
  THE INJURY OF GREED
  In such a state of insecurity it is better to ignore the question ofliving
  than to set store by it。
  76
  A WARNING AGAINST RIGIDITY
  At the birth of man; he is elastic and weak; at his death; rigid and
  unyielding。 This is the common law; trees also; in their youth; are
  tender and supple; in their decay; hard and dry。
  So then rigidity and hardness are the stigmata of death; elasticityand
  adaptability; of life。
  He then who putteth forth strength is not victorious; even as a strong
  tree filleth the embrace。
  Thus the hard and rigid have the inferior place; the soft and elasticthe
  superior。
  77
  THE WAY OF HEAVEN
  The Tao of Heaven is likened to the bending of a bow; whereby the high
  part is brought down; and the low part raised up。 The extreme is
  diminished; and the middle increased。
  This is the Way of Heaven; to remove excess; and to supplement
  insufficiency。 Not so is the way of man; who taketh away from him that
  hath not to give to him that hath already excess。
  Who can employ his own excess to the weal of all under Heaven? Onlyhe
  that possesseth the Tao。
  So the Wise Man acteth without lust of result; achieveth and boasteth
  not; he willeth not to proclaim his greatness。
  78
  A CREED
  Nothing in the world is more elastic and yielding than water; yet itis
  preeminent to dissolve things rigid and resistant; there is nothingwhich
  can match it。
  All men know that the soft overcometh the hard; and the weak conquereth
  the strong; but none are able to use this law in action。
  A Wise Man hath said: 'He that taketh on the burden of the state isa
  demigod worthy of sacrificial worship; and the true King of a peopleis
  he that undertaketh the weight of their sorrows。'
  Truth appeareth paradox。
  79
  TRUTH IN COVENANT
  When enemies are reconciled; there is always an aftermath of illwill。
  How can this be useful?
  Therefore; the Wise Man; while he keepeth his part of the record ofa
  transaction; doth not insist on its prompt execution。 He who hath the
  Teh considereth the situation from all sides; while he who hath itnot
  seeketh only to benefit himself。
  In the Tao of Heaven; there is no distinction of persons in its love;but
  it is for the True Man to claim it。
  80
  ISOLATION
  In a little kingdom of few people it should be the order that though
  there were men able to do the work of ten men or five score; they should
  not be employed。 Though the people regarded death as sorrowful; yetthey
  should not wish to go elsewhere。
  They should have boats and wagons; yet no necessity to travel; corslets
  and weapons; yet no occasion to fight。
  For communication they should use knotted cords。
  They should deem their food sweet; their clothes beautiful; their houses
  homes; their customs delightful。
  There should be another state within view; so that its fowls and dogs
  should be heard; yet to old age; even to death; the people should holdno
  traffic with it。
  81
  THE SHEWING…FORTH OF SIMPLICITY
  True speech is not elegant; elaborate speech is not truth。 Those who
  know do not argue; the argumentative are without knowledge。 Those who
  have assimilated are not learned; those who are gross with learninghave
  not assimilated。
  The Wise Man doth not hoard。 The more he giveth; the more he hath; the
  more he watereth; the more is he watered himself。
  The Tao of Heaven is like an Arrow; yet it woundeth not; and the Wise
  Man; in all his Works; maketh no contention。
  English_Dicus_TTK
  Das Tao Te King von Lao Tse
  English interpolation by
  John Dicus; 2002
  1
  The Tao that is spoken of; cannot be truly explained。
  The grandest eloquence cannot define it。
  It has no name; and is the creator of Heaven and Earth。
  Forced to name it; we can call it the Tao (the Way); and accept that it is great。
  When we are lost in desire we can see only the outer manifestations of this greatness。
  If we free ourselves from desire we can experience the unfathomable depths;
  and know the mystery of the great Tao。
  The Mystery and the Manifestations are separate; yet they arise from the same source。
  This source is deep; so deep its depths cannot be plumbed。
  Within its depths is darkness。 The Great Mystery within the darkness;
  it is the gateway to all understanding。
  2
  It is the world of man that defines ugly by comparing it with that which man calls beautiful。
  Skillful is considered such by comparison to that which is called 'without skill'。
  Alive and non…alive are delineated by nature。
  Difficult and easy are abstracted by our perception。
  Long and short are defined by the one against the other。
  High and low are reckoned so by the contrast of the one with the other。
  Music is seen as pleasing if the notes and tones are recognized as being harmonious with each other。
  One in front; and one behind are recognized as one following the other。
  It is for this reason that the sage lives in the condition of wu…wei (unattached action; or; doing…not doing);
  And teaches without words。
  He knows that names and images are fleeting; and all things will transform。
  One who seems to follow tonight might lead another time。
  He sees all that is done as neither large nor small。
  All things are neither grand nor miniscule。
  Actions are neither difficult; nor done with ease。 He acts without expectation。
  Things spring up around him; and he accepts them; but does not possess them。
  Things go away; and he recognizes their departure without grief or joy。
  When the work is done he leaves it be。
  Because he does not dwell in it; it will last。
  3
  If you glorify the worthy; you will bring forth strife。
  Overvaluing possessions induces thievery。
  If you desire the expensive; your heart will never loosen。
  The master leads by clearing people's minds;
  He fills their inner being; weakens their ambitions; and strengthens their bones。
  He helps people lose all that they know。
  If people lack cleverness and desire; then they will not presume to act; and harmony will reign。
  By