very　difficult　to　restrain　officers　and　men　from　crossing　the　Rio
  Grande　with　hostile　purpose。　　Within　the　knowledge　of　my　troops；
  there　had　gone　on　formerly　the　transfer　of　organized　bodies　of　ex…
  Confederates　to　Mexico；　in　aid　of　the　Imperialists；　and　at　this
  period　it　was　known　that　there　was　in　preparation　an　immigration
  scheme　having　in　view　the　colonizing；　at　Cordova　and　one　or　two　other
  places；　of　all　the　discontented　elements　of　the　defunct　Confederacy
  Generals　Price；　Magruder；　Maury；　and　other　high　personages　being
  promoters　of　the　enterprise；　which　Maximilian　took　to　readily。　　He
  saw　in　it　the　possibilities　of　a　staunch　support　to　his　throne；　and
  therefore　not　only　sanctioned　the　project；　but　encouraged　it　with
  large　grants　of　land；　inspirited　the　promoters　with　titles　of
  nobility；　and；　in　addition；　instituted　a　system　of　peonage；　expecting
  that　the　silver　hook　thus　baited　would　be　largely　swallowed　by　the
  Southern　people。
  The　announcement　of　the　scheme　was　followed　by　the　appointment　of
  commissioners　in　each　of　the　Southern　States　to　send　out　emigrants；
  but　before　any　were　deluded　into　starting；　I　made　to　General　Grant　a
  report　of　what　was　going　on；　with　the　recommendation　that　measures　be
  taken；　through　our　State　Department；　looking　to　the　suppression　of
  the　colony；　but；　as　usual；　nothing　could　be　effected　through　that
  channel；　so；　as　an　alternative；　I　published；　in　April；　1866；　by
  authority　of　General　Grant；　an　order　prohibiting　the　embarkation　from
  ports　in　Louisiana　and　Texas；　for　ports　in　Mexico；　of　any　person
  without　a　permit　from　my　headquarters。　　This　dampened　the　ardor　of
  everybody　in　the　Gulf　States　who　had　planned　to　go　to　Mexico；　and
  although　the　projectors　of　the　Cordova　Colonization　Schemethe　name
  by　which　it　was　knownsecured　a　few　innocents　from　other　districts；
  yet　this　set…back　led　ultimately　to　failure。
  Among　the　Liberal　leaders　along　the　Rio　Grande　during　this　period
  there　sprang　up　many　factional　differences　from　various　causes；　some
  personal；　others　political；　and　some；　I　regret　to　say；　from　downright
  moral　obliquityas；　for　example；　those　between　Cortinas　and　Canales…
  …who；　though　generally　hostile　to　the　Imperialists；　were　freebooters
  enough　to　take　a　shy　at　each　other　frequently；　and　now　and　then　even
  to　join　forces　against　Escobedo；　unless　we　prevented　them　by　coaxing
  or　threats。　　A　general　who　could　unite　these　several　factions　was
  therefore　greatly　needed；　and　on　my　return　to　New　Orleans　I　so
  telegraphed　General　Grant；　and　he；　thinking　General　Caravajal　（then
  in　Washington　seeking　aid　for　the　Republic）　would　answer　the　purpose；
  persuaded　him　to　report　to　me　in　New　Orleans。　　Caravajal　promptly
  appeared；　but　he　did　not　impress　me　very　favorably。　　He　was　old　and
  cranky；　yet；　as　he　seemed　anxious　to　do　his　best；　I　sent　him　over　to
  Brownsville；　with　credentials；　authorizing　him　to　cross　into　Mexico；
  and　followed　him　myself　by　the　next　boat。　　When　I　arrived　in
  Brownsville；　matters　in　Matamoras　had　already　reached　a　crisis。
  General　Mejia；　feeling　keenly　the　moral　support　we　were　giving　the
  Liberals；　and　hard　pressed　by　the　harassing　attacks　of　Cortinas　and
  Canales；　had　abandoned　the　place；　and　Caravajal；　because　of　his
  credentials　from　our　side；　was　in　command；　much　to　the
  dissatisfaction　of　both　those　chiefs　whose　differences　it　was
  intended　he　should　reconcile。
  The；　day　after　I　got　to　Brownsville　I　visited　Matamoras；　and　had　a
  long　interview　with　Caravajal。　　The　outcome　of　this　meeting　was；　on
  my　part；　a　stronger　conviction　than　ever　that　he　was　unsuitable；　and
  I　feared　that　either　Canales　or　Cortinas　would　get　possession　of　the
  city。　　Caravajal　made　too　many　professions　of　what　he　would　doin
  short；　bragged　too　muchbut　as　there　was　no　help　for　the　situation；
  I　made　the　best　of　it　by　trying　to　smooth　down　the　ruffled　feathers
  of　Canales　and　Cortinas。　　In　my　interview　with　Caravajal　I
  recommended　Major　Young　as　a　confidential　man；　whom　he　could　rely
  upon　as　a　〃go…between　〃　for　communicating　with　our　people　at
  Brownsville；　and　whom　he　could　trust　to　keep　him　informed　of　the
  affairs　of　his　own　country　as　well。
  A　day　or　two　afterward　I　recrossed　the　Gulf　to　New　Orleans；　and　then；
  being　called　from　my　headquarters　to　the　interior　of　Texas；　a
  fortnight　passed　before　I　heard　anything　from　Brownsville。　　In　the
  meanwhile　Major　Young　had　come　to　New　Orleans；　and　organized　there　a
  band　of　men　to　act　as　a　body…guard　for　Caravajal；　the　old　wretch
  having　induced　him　to　accept　the　proposition　by　representing　that　it
  had　my　concurrence。　　I　at　once　condemned　the　whole　business；　but
  Young；　having　been　furnished　with　seven　thousand　dollars　to　recruit
  the　men　and　buy　their　arms；　had　already　secured　both；　and　was　so
  deeply　involved　in　the　transaction；　he　said；　that　he　could　not
  withdraw　without　dishonor；　and　with　tears　in　his　eyes　he　besought　me
  to　help　him。　　He　told　me　he　had　entered　upon　the　adventure　in　the
  firm　belief　that　I　would　countenance　it；　that　the　men　and　their
  equipment　were　on　his　hands；　that　he　must　make　good　his　word　at　all
  hazards；　and　that　while　I　need　not　approve；　yet　I　must　go　far　enough
  to　consent　to　the　departure　of　the　men；　and　to　loan　him　the　money
  necessary　to　provision　his　party　and　hire　a　schooner　to　carry　them　to
  Brazos。　　It　was　hard　in　deed　to　resist　the　appeals　of　this　man；　who
  had　served　me　so　long　and　so　well；　and　the　result　of　his　pleading　was
  that　I　gave　him　permission　to　sail；　and　also　loaned　him　the　sum　asked
  for；　but　I　have　never　ceased　to　regret　my　consent；　for　misfortune
  fell　upon　the　enterprise　almost　from　its　inception。
  By　the　time　the　party　got　across　the　Gulf　and　over　to　Brownsville；
  Caravajal　had　been　deposed　by　Canales；　and　the　latter　would　not
  accept　their　services。　　This　left　Young　with　about　fifty　men　to　whom
  he　was　accountable；　and　as　he　had　no　money　to　procure　them
  subsistence；　they　were　in　a　bad　fix。　　The　only　thing　left　to　do　was
  to　tender　their　services　to　General　Escobedo；　and　with　this　in　view
  the　party　set　out　to　reach　the　General's　camp；　marching　up　the　Rio
  Grande　on　the　American　side；　intending　to　cross　near　Ringgold　Bar
  racks。　　In　advance　of　them；　however；　had　spread　far　and　wide　the
  tidings　of　who　they　were；　what　they　proposed　to　do；　and　where　they
  were　going；　and　before　they　could　cross　into　Mexico　they　were
  attacked　by　a　party　of　ex…Confederates　and　　renegade　Mexican
  rancheros。　　Being　on　American　soil；　Young　forbade　his　men　to　return
  the　fire；　and　bent　all　his　efforts　to　getting　them　over　the　river；
  but　in　this　attempt　they　were　broken　up；　and　became　completely
  demoralized。　　A　number　of　the　men　were　drowned　while　swimming　the
  river；　Young　himself　was　shot　and　killed；　a　few　were　captured；　and
  those　who　escapedabout　twenty　in　allfinally　joined　Escobedo；　but
  in　such　a　　plight　as　to　be　of　little　use。　　With　this　distressing
  affair　came　to　an　end　pretty　much　all　open　participation　of　American
  sympathizers　with　the　Liberal　cause；　but　the　moral　support　afforded
  by　the　presence　of　our　forces　continued；　and　this　was　frequently
  supplemented　with　material　aid　in　the　shape　of　munitions　of　war；
  which　we　liberally　supplied；　though　constrained　to　do　so　by　the　most
  secret　methods。
  The　term　of　office　of　Juarez　as　President　of　the　Mexican　Republic
  expired　in　December；　1865；　but　to　meet　existing　exigencies　he　had
  continued　himself　in　office　by　proclamation；　a　course　rendered
  necessary　by　the　fact　that　no　elections　could　be　held　on　account　of
  the　Imperial　occupation　of　most　of　the　country。　　The　official　who；　by
  the　Mexican　Constitution；　is　designated　for　the　succession　in　such　an
  emergency；　is　the　President　of　the　Supreme　Court；　and　the　person　then
  eligible　under　this　provision　was　General　Ortega；　but　in　the　interest
  of　the　Imperialists　he　had　absented　himself　from　Mexico；　hence　the
  patriotic　course　of　Juarez　in　continuing　himself　at　the　head　of
  affairs　was　a　necessity　of　the　situation。　　This　action　of　the
  President　gave　the　Imperialists　little　concern　at　first；　but　with　the
  revival　of　the　Liberal　cause　they　availed　themselves　of　every　means
  to　divide　its　supporters；　and　Ortega；　who　had　been　lying　low　in　the
  United　States；　now　came　forward　to　claim　the　Presidency。　　Though
  ridiculously　late　for　such　a　step；　his　first　act　was　to　issue　a
  manifesto　protesting　against　the　assumption　of　the　executive
  authority　by　Juarez。　　The　protest　had　little　effect；　however；　and　his
  next　proceeding　was　to　come　to　New　Orleans；　get　into　correspondence
  with　other　disaffected　Mexicans；　and　thus　perfect　his　plans。　　When　he
  thought　his　intrigue　ripe　enough　for　action；　he　sailed　for　Brazos；
  intending　to　cross　the　Rio　Grande　and　assert　his　claims　with　arms。
  While　he　was　scheming　in　New　Orleans；　however；　I　had　learned　what　he
  was　up　to；　and　in　advance　of　his　departure　had　sent　instructions　to
  have　him　arrested　on　American　soil。　　Colonel　Sedgwick；　commanding　at
  Brownsville；　was　now　temporary