第 22 节
作者:温暖寒冬      更新:2024-04-09 19:50      字数:9300
  knew the precise number of stones with which they had intended
  to hit Farmer Britton’s ducks。 But for all who saw them through a
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  Adam Bede                                        89
  less   mythical   medium;   the   Miss   Irwines   were   quite   superfluous
  existences—inartistic   figures   crowding   the   canvas   of   life   without
  adequate effect。 Miss Anne; indeed; if her chronic headaches could
  have been accounted for by a pathetic story of disappointed love;
  might   have   had   some   romantic   interest   attached   to   her:   but   no
  such story had either been known or invented concerning her; and
  the general impression was quite in accordance with the fact; that
  both   the   sisters   were   old   maids   for   the   prosaic   reason   that   they
  had never received an eligible offer。
  Nevertheless;        to    speak      paradoxically;       the    existence       of
  insignificant      people     has   very    important      consequences        in   the
  world。 It can be shown to affect the price of bread and the rate of
  wages; to call forth many evil tempers from the selfish and many
  heroisms   from   the   sympathetic;   and;   in   other   ways;          to   play   no
  small part in the tragedy of life。 And if that handsome; generous…
  blooded clergyman; the Rev。 Adolphus Irwine; had not had these
  two   hopelessly   maiden   sisters;   his   lot   would   have   been         shaped
  quite differently: he would very likely have taken a comely wife in
  his   youth;   and   now;   when   his   hair   was   getting   grey   under   the
  powder; would have had tall sons and blooming daughters—such
  possessions; in short; as men commonly think will repay them for
  all the labour they take under the sun。 As it was—having with all
  his three livings no more   than   seven   hundred   a…year; and   seeing
  no way of keeping his splendid mother and his sickly sister; not to
  reckon   a   second   sister;   who   was   usually   spoken   of   without   any
  adjective; in such ladylike ease as became   their  birth  and   habits;
  and     at  the   same    time    providing     for   a  family    of  his  own—he
  remained;   you   see;   at   the   age   of   eight…and…forty;   a   bachelor;   not
  making   any   merit   of   that   renunciation;   but   saying   laughingly;   if
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  Adam Bede                                       90
  any     one   alluded    to   it;  that  he   made     it  an   excuse    for   many
  indulgences       which   a   wife   would   never     have    allowed    him。   And
  perhaps he was the only person in the world who did not think his
  sisters    uninteresting   and   superfluous;        for   his  was   one   of  those
  large…hearted; sweet…blooded natures that never know a narrow or
  a grudging thought; Epicurean; if you will; with no enthusiasm; no
  self…scourging       sense    of  duty;   but   yet;  as   you   have    seen;   of  a
  sufficiently  subtle   moral   fibre   to  have   an   unwearying   tenderness
  for   obscure   and   monotonous   suffering。   It   was   his   large…hearted
  indulgence  that  made   him   ignore   his   mother’s   hardness   towards
  her daughters; which was the more striking from its contrast with
  her doting fondness towards himself; he held it no virtue to frown
  at irremediable faults。
  See the difference between the impression a man makes on you
  when   you  walk by  his   side in   familiar   talk;   or   look   at   him   in   his
  home; and the figure he makes when   seen   from   a  lofty  historical
  level; or even in the eyes of a critical neighbour who thinks of him
  as an embodied system or opinion rather than as a man。 Mr。 Roe;
  the   “travelling  preacher”   stationed   at   Treddleston;   had   included
  Mr。 Irwine in a general statement concerning the Church clergy in
  the   surrounding  district;   whom   he   described as   men   given   up   to
  the  lusts   of  the  flesh  and  the  pride  of life;   hunting   and   shooting;
  and   adorning   their   own   houses;   asking   what   shall   we         eat;  and
  what     shall   we   drink;   and    wherewithal      shall   we   be   clothed?—
  careless of dispensing the bread of life to their flocks; preaching at
  best but a carnal and soul…benumbing morality; and trafficking in
  the souls of men by receiving money for discharging the pastoral
  office in parishes where they did not so much as look on the faces
  of the people more than once a…year。 The ecclesiastical historian;
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  too;    looking    into   parliamentary        reports    of   that   period;    finds
  honourable members zealous for the Church; and untainted with
  any     sympathy      for   the   “tribe    of  canting     Methodists;”      making
  statements scarcely less melancholy than that of Mr。 Roe。 And it is
  impossible for me to say that Mr。 Irwine was altogether belied by
  the generic classification assigned him。 He really had no very lofty
  aims;   no   theological   enthusiasm:   if   I   were   closely   questioned;   I
  should be obliged to confess that  he  felt  no  serious   alarms   about
  the   souls   of   his   parishioners;   and   would   have   thought   it   a   mere
  loss   of   time   to   talk   in   a   doctrinal   and   awakening   manner   to   old
  “Feyther Taft;” or even to Chad Cranage the blacksmith。 If he had
  been in the habit of speaking theoretically; he would perhaps have
  said that the only healthy form religion could take in such minds
  was that of certain dim but strong emotions; suffusing themselves
  as     a   hallowing      influence      over     the    family     affections     and
  neighbourly        duties。   He    thought     the   custom     of   baptism     more
  important   than   its   doctrine;   and       that   the  religious   benefits     the
  peasant drew from the church where his fathers worshipped and
  the   sacred   piece   of   turf   where   they   lay   buried   were   but   slightly
  dependent on a clear understanding of the Liturgy or the sermon。
  Clearly the rector was not what is called in these days an “earnest”
  man:   he   was   fonder   of   church   history   than   of   divinity;   and   had
  much   more   insight   into   men’s   characters   than   interest   in   their
  opinions; he was neither laborious; nor obviously self…denying; nor
  very   copious   in   alms…giving;   and   his   theology;   you   perceive;   was
  lax。   His   mental    palate;    indeed;    was   rather   pagan;     and   found   a
  savouriness in a quotation from Sophocles or Theocritus that was
  quite absent from any text in Isaiah or Amos。 But if you feed your
  young setter on raw flesh; how can you wonder at its retaining a
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  relish    for  uncooked       partridge    in   after…life?   And    Mr。    Irwine’s
  recollections       of   young     enthusiasm       and     ambition      were     all
  associated with poetry and ethics that lay aloof from the Bible。
  On   the   other   hand;   I   must   plead;   for   I  have   an  affectionate
  partiality     towards      the    rector’s    memory;       that   he    was     not
  vindictive—and   some   philanthropists   have   been   so;   that   he   was
  not     intolerant—and        there    is   a   rumour      that   some     zealous
  theologians have not been altogether free from that blemish; that
  although he would probably have declined to give his body to be
  burned   in   any   public   cause;   and   was   far   from   bestowing   all   his
  goods to feed the poor; he had that charity which has   sometimes
  been   lacking   to   very   illustrious    virtue—he      was   tender   to   other
  men’s failings; and unwilling to impute evil。 He  was   one   of  those
  men; and they are not the commonest; of whom we can know the
  best    only   by   following    them     away    from    the  marketplace;       the
  platform; and the pulpit; entering with them into their own homes;
  hearing   the   voice   with   which   they   speak   to   the   young   and   aged
  about their own hearthstone; and witnessing their thoughtful care
  for the everyday wants of everyday companions; who take all their
  kindness as a matter of course; and not as a subj