第 11 节
作者:闲来一看      更新:2024-01-16 22:40      字数:9322
  Charging Bear; Spotted Elk; Crow King; No Water; Big Road; He Dog;
  the nephew of Red Cloud; and Touch…the…Cloud; intimate friend of
  Crazy Horse。
  The attack on Fort Phil Kearny was the first fruits of the new
  policy; and here Crazy Horse was chosen to lead the attack on the
  woodchoppers; designed to draw the soldiers out of the fort; while
  an army of six hundred lay in wait for them。  The success of this
  stratagem was further enhanced by his masterful handling of his
  men。  From this time on a general war was inaugurated; Sitting Bull
  looked to him as a principal war leader; and even the Cheyenne
  chiefs; allies of the Sioux; practically acknowledged his
  leadership。  Yet during the following ten years of defensive war he
  was never known to make a speech; though his teepee was the
  rendezvous of the young men。  He was depended upon to put into
  action the decisions of the council; and was frequently consulted
  by the older chiefs。
  Like Osceola; he rose suddenly; like Tecumseh he was always
  impatient for battle; like Pontiac; he fought on while his allies
  were suing for peace; and like Grant; the silent soldier; he was a
  man of deeds and not of words。  He won from Custer and Fetterman
  and Crook。  He won every battle that he undertook; with the
  exception of one or two occasions when he was surprised in the
  midst of his women and children; and even then he managed to
  extricate himself in safety from a difficult position。
  Early in the year 1876; his runners brought word from Sitting
  Bull that all the roving bands would converge upon the upper Tongue
  River in Montana for summer feasts and conferences。  There was
  conflicting news from the reservation。  It was rumored that the
  army would fight the Sioux to a finish; again; it was said that
  another commission would be sent out to treat with them。
  The Indians came together early in June; and formed a series
  of encampments stretching out from three to four miles; each band
  keeping separate camp。  On June 17; scouts came in and reported the
  advance of a large body of troops under General Crook。  The council
  sent Crazy Horse with seven hundred men to meet and attack him。
  These were nearly all young men; many of them under twenty; the
  flower of the hostile Sioux。  They set out at night so as to steal
  a march upon the enemy; but within three or four miles of his camp
  they came unexpectedly upon some of his Crow scouts。  There was a
  hurried exchange of shots; the Crows fled back to Crook's camp;
  pursued by the Sioux。  The soldiers had their warning; and it was
  impossible to enter the well…protected camp。  Again and again Crazy
  Horse charged with his bravest men; in the attempt to bring the
  troops into the open; but he succeeded only in drawing their fire。
  Toward afternoon he withdrew; and returned to camp disappointed。
  His scouts remained to watch Crook's movements; and later brought
  word that he had retreated to Goose Creek and seemed to have no
  further disposition to disturb the Sioux。  It is well known to us
  that it is Crook rather than Reno who is to be blamed for cowardice
  in connection with Custer's fate。  The latter had no chance to do
  anything; he was lucky to save himself; but if Crook had kept on
  his way; as ordered; to meet Terry; with his one thousand regulars
  and two hundred Crow and Shoshone scouts; he would inevitably have
  intercepted Custer in his advance and saved the day for him; and
  war with the Sioux would have ended right there。  Instead of this;
  he fell back upon Fort Meade; eating his horses on the way; in a
  country swarming with game; for fear of Crazy Horse and his braves!
  The Indians now crossed the divide between the Tongue and the
  Little Big Horn; where they felt safe from immediate pursuit。
  Here; with all their precautions; they were caught unawares by
  General Custer; in the midst of their midday games and festivities;
  while many were out upon the daily hunt。
  On this twenty…fifth of June; 1876; the great camp was
  scattered for three miles or more along the level river bottom;
  back of the thin line of cottonwoods  five circular rows of
  teepees; ranging from half a mile to a mile and a half in
  circumference。  Here and there stood out a large; white; solitary
  teepee; these were the lodges or 〃clubs〃 of the young men。  Crazy
  Horse was a member of the 〃Strong Hearts〃 and the 〃Tokala〃 or Fox
  lodge。  He was watching a game of ring…toss when the warning came
  from the southern end of the camp of the approach of troops。
  The Sioux and the Cheyennes were 〃minute men〃; and although
  taken by surprise; they instantly responded。  Meanwhile; the women
  and children were thrown into confusion。  Dogs were howling; ponies
  running hither and thither; pursued by their owners; while many of
  the old men were singing their lodge songs to encourage the
  warriors; or praising the 〃strong heart〃 of Crazy Horse。
  That leader had quickly saddled his favorite war pony and was
  starting with his young men for the south end of the camp; when a
  fresh alarm came from the opposite direction; and looking up; he
  saw Custer's force upon the top of the bluff directly across the
  river。  As quick as a flash; he took in the situation  the enemy
  had planned to attack the camp at both ends at once; and knowing
  that Custer could not ford the river at that point; he instantly
  led his men northward to the ford to cut him off。  The Cheyennes
  followed closely。  Custer must have seen that wonderful dash up the
  sage…bush plain; and one wonders whether he realized its meaning。
  In a very few minutes; this wild general of the plains had
  outwitted one of the most brilliant leaders of the Civil War and
  ended at once his military career and his life。
  In this dashing charge; Crazy Horse snatched his most famous
  victory out of what seemed frightful peril; for the Sioux could not
  know how many were behind Custer。  He was caught in his own trap。
  To the soldiers it must have seemed as if the Indians rose up from
  the earth to overwhelm them。  They closed in from three sides and
  fought until not a white man was left alive。  Then they went down
  to Reno's stand and found him so well intrenched in a deep gully
  that it was impossible to dislodge him。  Gall and his men held him
  there until the approach of General Terry compelled the Sioux to
  break camp and scatter in different directions。
  While Sitting Bull was pursued into Canada; Crazy Horse and
  the Cheyennes wandered about; comparatively undisturbed; during the
  rest of that year; until in the winter the army surprised the
  Cheyennes; but did not do them much harm; possibly because they
  knew that Crazy Horse was not far off。  His name was held in
  wholesome respect。  From time to time; delegations of friendly
  Indians were sent to him; to urge him to come in to the
  reservation; promising a full hearing and fair treatment。
  For some time he held out; but the rapid disappearance of the
  buffalo; their only means of support; probably weighed with him
  more than any other influence。  In July; 1877; he was finally
  prevailed upon to come in to Fort Robinson; Nebraska; with several
  thousand Indians; most of them Ogallala and Minneconwoju Sioux; on
  the distinct understanding that the government would hear and
  adjust their grievances。
  At this juncture General Crook proclaimed Spotted Tail; who
  had rendered much valuable service to the army; head chief of the
  Sioux; which was resented by many。  The attention paid Crazy Horse
  was offensive to Spotted Tail and the Indian scouts; who planned a
  conspiracy against him。  They reported to General Crook that the
  young chief would murder him at the next council; and stampede the
  Sioux into another war。  He was urged not to attend the council and
  did not; but sent another officer to represent him。  Meanwhile the
  friends of Crazy Horse discovered the plot and told him of it。  His
  reply was; 〃Only cowards are murderers。〃
  His wife was critically ill at the time; and he decided to
  take her to her parents at Spotted Tail agency; whereupon his
  enemies circulated the story that he had fled; and a party of
  scouts was sent after him。  They overtook him riding with his wife
  and one other but did not undertake to arrest him; and after he had
  left the sick woman with her people he went to call on Captain Lea;
  the agent for the Brules; accompanied by all the warriors of the
  Minneconwoju band。  This volunteer escort made an imposing
  appearance on horseback; shouting and singing; and in the words of
  Captain Lea himself and the missionary; the Reverend Mr。 Cleveland;
  the situation was extremely critical。  Indeed; the scouts who had
  followed Crazy Horse from Red Cloud agency were advised not to show
  themselves; as some of the warriors had urged that they be taken
  out and horsewhipped publicly。
  Under these circumstances Crazy Horse again showed his
  masterful spirit by holding these young men in check。  He said to
  them