第 51 节
作者:生在秋天      更新:2023-05-17 13:24      字数:9322
  The German has so long been the soldier of Europe; that the military
  instinct has entered into his blood。           The military virtues he possesses in
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  abundance; but he also suffers from the drawbacks of the military training。
  It was told me of a German servant; lately released from the barracks; that
  he was instructed by his master to deliver a letter to a certain house; and to
  wait   there   for   the   answer。    The   hours   passed   by;   and   the   man   did   not
  return。 His   master;  anxious and   surprised;  followed。              He found the  man
  where   he   had   been   sent;   the   answer   in   his   hand。     He   was   waiting   for
  further orders。       The story sounds exaggerated; but personally I can credit
  it。
  The   curious   thing   is   that   the   same   man;   who   as   an   individual   is   as
  helpless   as   a   child;   becomes;   the   moment   he   puts   on   the   uniform;   an
  intelligent   being;   capable   of   responsibility   and   initiative。       The   German
  can rule others; and be ruled by others; but he cannot rule himself。                       The
  cure would appear to be to train every German for an officer; and then put
  him     under    himself。    It   is  certain   he   would     order   himself    about    with
  discretion and judgment; and see to it that he himself obeyed himself with
  smartness and precision。
  For the direction of German character into these channels; the schools;
  of course; are chiefly responsible。            Their everlasting teaching is duty。            It
  is a fine ideal for any people; but before buckling to it; one would wish to
  have a clear understanding as to what this 〃duty〃 is。                 The German idea of
  it would appear to be: 〃blind obedience to everything in buttons。〃                         It is
  the   antithesis   of   the Anglo…Saxon   scheme;   but   as   both   the Anglo…Saxon
  and    the   Teuton    are   prospering;     there   must    be   good    in  both   methods。
  Hitherto; the German has had the blessed fortune to be exceptionally well
  governed; if this continue; it will go well with him。                   When his troubles
  will   begin   will   be   when   by   any   chance   something   goes   wrong   with   the
  governing       machine。       But     maybe     his   method      has   the   advantage      of
  producing a continuous supply of good governors; it would certainly seem
  so。
  As    a  trader;   I  am    inclined    to  think    the   German      will;  unless    his
  temperament considerably change; remain always a long way behind his
  Anglo…Saxon competitor; and this by reason of his virtues。                     To him life is
  something   more   important   than   a   mere   race   for   wealth。   A   country   that
  closes its banks and post…offices for two hours in the middle of the day;
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  while   it   goes   home   and   enjoys   a   comfortable   meal   in   the   bosom   of   its
  family;   with;   perhaps;   forty   winks   by   way   of   dessert;   cannot   hope;   and
  possibly     has   no   wish;    to  compete     with    a  people    that  takes   its  meals
  standing; and sleeps with a telephone over its bed。                  In Germany there is
  not; at all events as yet; sufficient distinction between the classes to make
  the struggle for position the life and death affair it is in England。                 Beyond
  the   landed   aristocracy;   whose   boundaries   are   impregnable;   grade   hardly
  counts。     Frau   Professor   and   Frau   Candlestickmaker   meet   at   the   Weekly
  Kaffee…Klatsch and exchange scandal on terms of mutual equality。                           The
  livery…stable keeper and the doctor hobnob together at their favourite beer
  hall。    The wealthy master builder; when he prepares his roomy waggon
  for an excursion into the country; invites his foreman and his tailor to join
  him with their families。 Each brings his share of drink and provisions; and
  returning home they sing in chorus the same songs。                    So long as this state
  of things endures; a man is not induced to sacrifice the best years of his
  life to win a fortune for his dotage。           His tastes; and; more to the point still;
  his wife's; remain inexpensive。            He likes to see his flat or villa furnished
  with much red plush upholstery and a profusion of gilt and lacquer。                        But
  that   is   his   idea;   and   maybe   it   is   in   no   worse   taste   than   is   a   mixture   of
  bastard Elizabethan with imitation Louis XV; the whole lit by electric light;
  and smothered with photographs。                Possibly; he will have his outer walls
  painted   by   the   local   artist:   a   sanguinary   battle;   a   good   deal   interfered
  with by the front door; taking place below; while Bismarck; as an angel;
  flutters vaguely about the bedroom windows。                  But for his Old Masters he
  is quite content to go to the public galleries; and 〃the Celebrity at Home〃
  not having as yet taken its place amongst the institutions of the Fatherland;
  he   is   not   impelled   to   waste   his;   money   turning   his   house   into   an   old
  curiosity shop。
  The   German   is   a   gourmand。         There   are   still   English   farmers   who;
  while   telling   you   that   farming   spells   starvation;   enjoy   their   seven   solid
  meals a day。       Once a year there comes a week's feast throughout Russia;
  during   which   many  deaths occur   from  the   over…   eating of   pancakes;   but
  this is a religious festival; and an exception。               Taking him all round; the
  German   as   a   trencherman   stands   pre…eminent   among   the   nations   of   the
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  earth。     He rises early; and while dressing tosses off a few cups of coffee;
  together   with   half   a   dozen   hot   buttered   rolls。     But   it   is   not   until   ten
  o'clock that he sits down to anything that can properly be called a meal。 At
  one or half…past takes place his chief dinner。              Of this he makes a business;
  sitting at it for a couple of hours。          At four o'clock he goes to the cafe; and
  eats    cakes    and   drinks    chocolate。      The    evening     he   devotes     to  eating
  generallynot a set meal; or rarely; but a series of snacks;a bottle of beer
  and a Belegete…semmel or two at seven; say; another bottle of beer and an
  Aufschnitt at the theatre between the acts; a small bottle of white wine and
  a   Spiegeleier     before    going    home;     then   a  piece   of   cheese    or  sausage;
  washed down by more beer; previous to turning in for the night。
  But   he   is   no   gourmet。    French   cooks   and   French   prices   are   not   the
  rule at his restaurant。        His beer or his inexpensive native white wine he
  prefers to the most costly clarets or champagnes。                  And; indeed; it is well
  for   him   he   does;   for   one   is   inclined   to   think   that   every   time   a   French
  grower sells a bottle of wine to a German hotel… or shop…keeper; Sedan is
  rankling   in   his   mind。     It   is   a   foolish   revenge;   seeing   that   it   is   not   the
  German who as a rule drinks it; the punishment falls upon some innocent
  travelling   Englishman。         Maybe;   however;   the   French   dealer   remembers
  also Waterloo; and feels that in any event he scores。
  In Germany expensive entertainments are neither offered nor expected。
  Everything       throughout      the   Fatherland      is  homely      and   friendly。     The
  German       has   no   costly    sports   to  pay    for;  no   showy     establishment      to
  maintain; no purse…proud circle to dress for。               His chief pleasure; a seat at
  the   opera    or   concert;   can   be   had   for   a   few  marks;    and   his   wife   and
  daughters walk there in home…made dresses; with shawls over their heads。
  Indeed; throughout the country the absence of all ostentation is to English
  eyes   quite   refreshing。      Private   carriages   are   few   and   far   between;   and
  even   the   droschke   is   made   use   of   only   when   the   quicker   and   cleaner
  electric car is not available。
  By     such     means     the    German       retains    his   independence。          The
  shopkeeper        in   Germany        does    not    fawn     upon     his   customers。        I
  accompanied   an   English   lady   once   on   a   shopping   exc