第 11 节
作者:泰达魔王      更新:2022-08-21 16:34      字数:9321
  domes      and   cupolas     of  the   town。    Many      of   the  buildings     had   been
  destroyed      during   the   rising  artificially   provoked     in  July;  19l8;   and   its
  subsequent       suppression。       More      damage      was    done     then   than    was
  necessary;   because   the   town   was   recaptured   by   troops   which   had   been
  deserted   by   most   of   their   officers;   and   therefore   hammered   away   with
  artillery without any very definite plan of attack。             The more important of
  the   damaged   buildings;   such   as   the   waterworks   and   the   power   station;
  have   been   repaired;   the   tramway   was   working;   and;   after   Moscow;   the
  town   seemed   clean;   but   plenty   of   ruins   remained   as   memorials   of   that
  wanton and unjustifiable piece of folly which; it was supposed; would be
  the signal for a general rising。
  We drove to the Hotel Bristol; now the headquarters of the Jaroslavl
  Executive   Committee;   where   Rostopchin;   the   president;   discussed   with
  Larin and Radek the programme arranged for the conference。                     It was then
  proposed that we should have something to eat; when a very curious state
  of    affairs   (and   one    extremely     Russian)     was    revealed。      Rostopchin
  admitted      that   the   commissariat      arrangements       of   the  Soviet    and    its
  Executive Committee were very bad。                But in the center of the town there
  is a nunnery which was very badly damaged during the bombardment and
  is   now    used   as   a  sort  of  prison    or  concentration      camp    for  a   Labor
  Regiment。       Peasants from  the  surrounding   country  who   have  refused to
  give up their proper contribution of corn; or leave otherwise disobeyed the
  laws; are; for punishment; lodged here; and made to expiate their sins by
  work。     It so happens; Rostopchin explained; that the officer in charge of
  the prison feeding arrangements is a very energetic fellow; who had served
  in   the   old   army   in   a   similar   capacity;   and   the   meals   served   out   to   the
  prisoners      are   so   much     better    than   those    produced      in   the   Soviet
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  headquarters;      that   the  members      of  the   Executive     Committee       make     a
  practice of walking over to the prison to dine。               They invited us to do the
  same。     Larin   did   not   feel   up   to   the   walk;   so   he   remained   in   the   Soviet
  House to eat an inferior meal; while Radek                 and I; with Rostopchin and
  three other members of the local committee walked round to the  prison。
  The bell tower of the old nunnery had been half shot away by artillery; and
  is in such a precarious condition that it is proposed to pull it down。                   But
  on   passing   under   it   we   came   into   a   wide   courtyard   surrounded   by   two…
  story whitewashed buildings that seemed scarcely to have suffered at all。
  We   found   the   refectory   in   one   of   these   buildings。   It   was   astonishingly
  clean。 There were wooden tables; of course without cloths; and each man
  had    a  wooden      spoon    and   a  hunk    of   bread。    A   great   bowl    of   really
  excellent soup was put down in the middle of table; and we fell to hungrily
  enough。      I   made   more   mess   on   the   table   than   any   one   else;   because   it
  requires     considerable     practice    to  convey     almost    boiling    soup    from   a
  distant bowl to one's mouth without spilling it in a shallow wooden spoon
  four inches in diameter; and; having got it to one's mouth; to get any of it
  in without slopping over on either side。             The regular diners there seemed
  to find no difficulty in it at all。 One of the prisoners who mopped up after
  my disasters said I had better join them for a week; when I should find it
  quite easy。      The soup bowl was followed by a fry of potatoes; quantities
  of   which   are   grown   in   the   district。  For   dealing   with   these   I   found   the
  wooden spoon quite efficient。            After that we had glasses of some sort of
  substitute for tea。
  The Conference was held in the town theatre。                  There was a hint of
  comedy in the fact that the orchestra was playing the prelude to some very
  cheerful     opera    before    the   curtain   rang    up。    Radek      characteristically
  remarked       that   such    music    should     be   followed     by   something      more
  sensational   than   a   conference;   proposed   to   me   that   we   should   form   a
  tableau   to   illustrate   the   new   peaceful   policy   of   England   with   regard   to
  Russia。     As it was a party conference; I had really no right to be there; but
  Radek had arranged with Rostopchin that I
  should come in with himself; and be allowed to sit in the wings at the
  side    of  the   stage。   On     the  stage   were    Rostopchin;      Radek;    Larin   and
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  various   members       of  the  Communist       Party   Committee      in  the    district。
  Everything was ready; but the orchestra went on with its jig music on the
  other side of the curtain。       A message was sent to them。 The music stopped
  with     a  jerk。    The     curtain   rose;   disclosing     a  crowded      auditorium。
  Everbody      stood    up;  both   on   the  stage   and   in   the  theater;   and   sang;
  accompanied by the orchestra; first the 〃Internationale〃 and then the song
  for those who had died for the revolution。             Then except for two or three
  politically    minded     musicians     ;  the  orchestra    vanished     away    and   the
  Conference began。
  Unlike many of the meetings and conferences at which I have been
  present    in  Russia;    this   Jaroslavl  Conference     seemed     to  me   to  include
  practically none but men and women who either were or had been actual
  manual workers。 I looked over row after row of faces in the theatre; and
  could only find two faces which I thought might be Jewish; and none that
  obviously      belonged to the 〃intelligentsia。〃         I found on inquiry that only
  three   of   the   Communists   present;   excluding   Radek   and   Larin;   were   old
  exiled   and   imprisoned   revolutionaries   of   the   educated   class。     Of   these;
  two were on the platform。          All the rest were from the working class。 The
  great majority of them; of course; had joined the Communists in 1917; but
  a dozen or so had been in the party as long as the first Russian revolution
  of 1905。
  Radek;   who   was   tremendously   cheered   (his   long   imprisonment   in
  Germany;  during   which   time   few   in   Russia   thought   that   they  would   see
  him alive again; has made him something of a popular hero) made a long;
  interesting   and   pugnacious   speech   setting   out   the   grounds   on   which   the
  Central Committee base their ideas about Industrial Conscription。                   These
  ideas are embodied in the series of theses issued by the Central Committee
  in January (see p。 134)。        Larin; who was very tired after the journey and
  patently conscious that Radek was a formidable opponent; made a speech
  setting    out  his  reasons    for  differing   with   the  Central    Committee;      and
  proposed an ingenious resolution; which; while expressing approval of the
  general      position    of   the    Committee;      included     four    supplementary
  modifications
  which; as a matter of fact; nullified that position altogether。 It was then
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  about ten at night; and the Conference adjourned。                We drove round to the
  prison in sledges; and by way of supper had some more soup and potatoes;
  and so back to the railway station to sleep in the cars。
  Next day the Conference opened about noon; when there was a long
  discussion of the points at issue。           Workman after workman came to the
  platform and gave his view。           Some of the speeches were a little naive; as
  when one soldier said that Comrades Lenin and Trotsky had often before
  pointed out difficult roads; and that whenever they had been followed they
  had shown the way to victory; and that therefore; though there was much
  in   the   Central   Committee's   theses   that   was   hard   to   digest;   he   was   for
  giving   them   complete   support;   confident   that;   as   Comrades   Lenin   and