第 65 节
作者:片片      更新:2022-08-21 16:31      字数:9321
  fireside; where she creates an atmosphere of serenity and
  contentment suitable for the nurture and growth of character in
  its best forms。  She is by her very constitution compassionate;
  gentle; patient; and self…denying。  Loving; hopeful; trustful;
  her eye sheds brightness everywhere。  It shines upon coldness
  and warms it; upon suffering and relieves it; upon sorrow
  and cheers it:
  〃Her silver flow
  Of subtle…paced counsel in distress;
  Right to the heart and brain; though undescried;
  Winning its way with extreme gentleness
  Through all the outworks of suspicion's pride。〃
  Woman has been styled 〃the angel of the unfortunate。〃  She is
  ready to help the weak; to raise the fallen; to comfort the
  suffering。  It was characteristic of woman; that she should have
  been the first to build and endow an hospital。  It has been said
  that wherever a human being is in suffering; his sighs call a
  woman to his side。  When Mungo Park; lonely; friendless; and
  famished; after being driven forth from an African village by
  the men; was preparing to spend the night under a tree; exposed
  to the rain and the wild beasts which there abounded; a poor
  negro woman; returning from the labours of the field; took
  compassion upon him; conducted him into her hut; and there
  gave him food; succour; and shelter。 (1)
  But while the most characteristic qualities of woman are displayed
  through her sympathies and affections; it is also necessary for
  her own happiness; as a self…dependent being; to develope and
  strengthen her character; by due self…culture; self…reliance; and
  self…control。  It is not desirable; even were it possible; to
  close the beautiful avenues of the heart。  Self…reliance of the
  best kind does not involve any limitation in the range of human
  sympathy。  But the happiness of woman; as of man; depends in a
  great measure upon her individual completeness of character。  And
  that self…dependence which springs from the due cultivation of the
  intellectual powers; conjoined with a proper discipline of the
  heart and conscience; will enable her to be more useful in life as
  well as happy; to dispense blessings intelligently as well as to
  enjoy them; and most of all those which spring from mutual
  dependence and social sympathy。
  To maintain a high standard of purity in society; the culture of
  both sexes must be in harmony; and keep equal pace。  A pure
  womanhood must be accompanied by a pure manhood。  The same moral
  law applies alike to both。  It would be loosening the foundations
  of virtue; to countenance the notion that because of a difference
  in sex; man were at liberty to set morality at defiance; and to do
  that with impunity; which; if done by a woman; would stain her
  character for life。  To maintain a pure and virtuous condition of
  society; therefore; man as well as woman must be pure and
  virtuous; both alike shunning all acts impinging on the heart;
  character; and conscienceshunning them as poison; which;
  once imbibed; can never be entirely thrown out again; but
  mentally embitters; to a greater or less extent; the happiness
  of after…life。
  And here we would venture to touch upon a delicate topic。  Though
  it is one of universal and engrossing human interest; the moralist
  avoids it; the educator shuns it; and parents taboo it。  It is
  almost considered indelicate to refer to Love as between the
  sexes; and young persons are left to gather their only notions of
  it from the impossible love…stories that fill the shelves of
  circulating libraries。  This strong and absorbing feeling; this
  BESOIN D'AIMERwhich nature has for wise purposes made so strong
  in woman that it colours her whole life and history; though it may
  form but an episode in the life of manis usually left to follow
  its own inclinations; and to grow up for the most part unchecked;
  without any guidance or direction whatever。
  Although nature spurns all formal rules and directions in affairs
  of love; it might at all events be possible to implant in young
  minds such views of Character as should enable them to
  discriminate between the true and the false; and to accustom them
  to hold in esteem those qualities of moral purity and integrity;
  without which life is but a scene of folly and misery。  It may not
  be possible to teach young people to love wisely; but they may at
  least be guarded by parental advice against the frivolous and
  despicable passions which so often usurp its name。  〃Love;〃 it has
  been said; 〃in the common acceptation of the term; is folly; but
  love; in its purity; its loftiness; its unselfishness; is not only
  a consequence; but a proof; of our moral excellence。  The
  sensibility to moral beauty; the forgetfulness of self in the
  admiration engendered by it; all prove its claim to a high moral
  influence。  It is the triumph of the unselfish over the selfish
  part of our nature。〃
  It is by means of this divine passion that the world is kept ever
  fresh and young。  It is the perpetual melody of humanity。  It
  sheds an effulgence upon youth; and throws a halo round age。  It
  glorifies the present by the light it casts backward; and it
  lightens the future by the beams it casts forward。  The love which
  is the outcome of esteem and admiration; has an elevating and
  purifying effect on the character。  It tends to emancipate one
  from the slavery of self。  It is altogether unsordid; itself is
  its only price。  It inspires gentleness; sympathy; mutual faith;
  and confidence。  True love also in a measure elevates the
  intellect。  〃All love renders wise in a degree;〃 says the poet
  Browning; and the most gifted minds have been the sincerest
  lovers。  Great souls make all affections great; they elevate and
  consecrate all true delights。  The sentiment even brings to light
  qualities before lying dormant and unsuspected。  It elevates the
  aspirations; expands the soul; and stimulates the mental powers。
  One of the finest compliments ever paid to a woman was that of
  Steele; when he said of Lady Elizabeth Hastings; 〃that to have
  loved her was a liberal education。〃  Viewed in this light; woman
  is an educator in the highest sense; because; above all other
  educators; she educates humanly and lovingly。
  It has been said that no man and no woman can be regarded as
  complete in their experience of life; until they have been subdued
  into union with the world through their affections。  As woman is
  not woman until she has known love; neither is man man。  Both are
  requisite to each other's completeness。  Plato entertained the
  idea that lovers each sought a likeness in the other; and that
  love was only the divorced half of the original human being
  entering into union with its counterpart。  But philosophy would
  here seem to be at fault; for affection quite as often springs
  from unlikeness as from likeness in its object。
  The true union must needs be one of mind as well as of heart; and
  based on mutual esteem as well as mutual affection。  〃No true and
  enduring love;〃 says Fichte; 〃can exist without esteem ; every
  other draws regret after it; and is unworthy of any noble human
  soul。〃  One cannot really love the bad; but always something that
  we esteem and respect as well as admire。  In short; true union
  must rest on qualities of character; which rule in domestic as in
  public life。
  But there is something far more than mere respect and esteem in
  the union between man and wife。  The feeling on which it rests
  is far deeper and tenderersuch; indeed; as never exists
  between men or between women。  〃In matters of affection;〃 says
  Nathaniel Hawthorne; 〃there is always an impassable gulf between
  man and man。  They can never quite grasp each other's hands;
  and therefore man never derives any intimate help; any
  heart…sustenance; from his brother man; but from womanhis
  mother; his sister; or his wife。〃 (2)
  Man enters a new world of joy; and sympathy; and human interest;
  through the porch of love。  He enters a new world in his home
  the home of his own makingaltogether different from the home of
  his boyhood; where each day brings with it a succession of new
  joys and experiences。  He enters also; it may be; a new world of
  trials and sorrows; in which he often gathers his best culture and
  discipline。  〃Family life;〃 says Sainte…Beuve; 〃may be full of
  thorns and cares; but they are fruitful: all others are dry
  thorns。〃  And again: 〃If a man's home; at a certain period of
  life; does not contain children; it will probably be found filled
  with follies or with vices。〃 (3)
  A life exclusively occupied in affairs of business insensibly
  tends to narrow and harden the character。  It is mainly occupied
  with self…watching for advantages; and guarding against sharp
  practice on the part of others。  Thus the character unconsciously
  tends to grow suspicious and ungenerous。  The best corrective of
  such influences is always the domestic; by withdrawing the