be　certain　to　see　things　noteworthy；　which　the　mere　naturalist
  would　never　find；　simply　because　he　could　never　guess　that　they
  were　there　to　be　found。　　I　do　not　speak　merely　of　the　rare　birds
  which　may　be　shot；　the　curious　facts　as　to　the　habits　of　fish　which
  may　be　observed；　great　as　these　pleasures　are。　　I　speak　of　the
  scenery；　the　weather；　the　geological　formation　of　the　country；　its
  vegetation；　and　the　living　habits　of　its　denizens。　　A　sportsman；
  out　in　all　weathers；　and　often　dependent　for　success　on　his
  knowledge　of　〃what　the　sky　is　going　to　do；〃　has　opportunities　for
  becoming　a　meteorologist　which　no　one　beside　but　a　sailor
  possesses；　and　one　has　often　longed　for　a　scientific　gamekeeper　or
  huntsman；　who；　by　discovering　a　law　for　the　mysterious　and
  seemingly　capricious　phenomena　of　〃scent；〃　might　perhaps　throw
  light　on　a　hundred　dark　passages　of　hygrometry。　　The　fisherman；
  too；　…　what　an　inexhaustible　treasury　of　wonder　lies　at　his　feet；
  in　the　subaqueous　world　of　the　commonest　mountain　burn！　　All　the
  laws　which　mould　a　world　are　there　busy；　if　he　but　knew　it；
  fattening　his　trout　for　him；　and　making　them　rise　to　the　fly；　by
  strange　electric　influences；　at　one　hour　rather　than　at　another。
  Many　a　good　geognostic　lesson；　too；　both　as　to　the　nature　of　a
  country's　rocks；　and　as　to　the　laws　by　which　strata　are　deposited；
  may　an　observing　man　learn　as　he　wades　up　the　bed　of　a　trout…
  stream；　not　to　mention　the　strange　forms　and　habits　of　the　tribes
  of　water…insects。　　Moreover；　no　good　fisherman　but　knows；　to　his
  sorrow；　that　there　are　plenty　of　minutes；　ay；　hours；　in　each　day's
  fishing　in　which　he　would　be　right　glad　of　any　employment　better
  than　trying　to
  〃Call　spirits　from　the　vasty　deep；〃
  who　will　not
  〃Come　when　you　do　call　for　them。〃
  What　to　do；　then？　　You　are　sitting；　perhaps；　in　your　coracle；　upon
  some　mountain　tarn；　waiting　for　a　wind；　and　waiting　in　vain。
  〃Keine　luft　an　keine　seite；
  Todes…stille　f乺chterlich；〃
  as　G攖he　has　it　…
  〃Und　der　schiffer　sieht　bek乵mert
  Glatte　fl刢he　rings　umher。〃
  You　paddle　to　the　shore　on　the　side　whence　the　wind　ought　to　come；
  if　it　had　any　spirit　in　it；　tie　the　coracle　to　a　stone；　light　your
  cigar；　lie　down　on　your　back　upon　the　grass；　grumble；　and　finally
  fall　asleep。　　In　the　meanwhile；　probably；　the　breeze　has　come　on；
  and　there　has　been　half…an…hour's　lively　fishing　curl；　and　you　wake
  just　in　time　to　see　the　last　ripple　of　it　sneaking　off　at　the　other
  side　of　the　lake；　leaving　all　as　dead…calm　as　before。
  Now　how　much　better；　instead　of　falling　asleep；　to　have　walked
  quietly　round　the　lake　side；　and　asked　of　your　own　brains　and　of
  Nature　the　question；　〃How　did　this　lake　come　here？　　What　does　it
  mean？〃
  It　is　a　hole　in　the　earth。　　True；　but　how　was　the　hole　made？　　There
  must　have　been　huge　forces　at　work　to　form　such　a　chasm。　　Probably
  the　mountain　was　actually　opened　from　within　by　an　earthquake；　and
  when　the　strata　fell　together　again；　the　portion　at　either　end　of
  the　chasm；　being　perhaps　crushed　together　with　greater　force；
  remained　higher　than　the　centre；　and　so　the　water　lodged　between
  them。　　Perhaps　it　was　formed　thus。　　You　will　at　least　agree　that
  its　formation　must　have　been　a　grand　sight　enough；　and　one　during
  which　a　spectator　would　have　had　some　difficulty　in　keeping　his
  footing。
  And　when　you　learn　that　this　convulsion　probably　took　plus　at　the
  bottom　of　an　ocean　hundreds　of　thousands　of　years　ago；　you　have　at
  least　a　few　thoughts　over　which　to　ruminate；　which　will　make　you　at
  once　too　busy　to　grumble；　and　ashamed　to　grumble。
  Yet；　after　all；　I　hardly　think　the　lake　was　formed　in　this　way；　and
  suspect　that　it　may　have　been　dry　for　ages　after　it　emerged　from
  the　primeval　waves；　and　Snowdonia　was　a　palm…fringed　island　in　a
  tropic　sea。　　Let　us　look　the　place　over　more　fully。
  You　see　the　lake　is　nearly　circular；　on　the　side　where　we　stand　the
  pebbly　beach　is　not　six　feet　above　the　water；　and　slopes　away
  steeply　into　the　valley　behind　us；　while　before　us　it　shelves
  gradually　into　the　lake；　forty　yards　out；　as　you　know；　there　is　not
  ten　feet　water；　and　then　a　steep　bank；　the　edge　whereof　we　and　the
  big　trout　know　well；　sinks　suddenly　to　unknown　depths。　　On　the
  opposite　side；　that　flat…topped　wall　of　rock　towers　up　shoreless
  into　the　sky；　seven　hundred　feet　perpendicular；　the　deepest　water
  of　all　we　know　is　at　its　very　foot。　　Right　and　left；　two　shoulders
  of　down　slope　into　the　lake。　　Now　turn　round　and　look　down　the
  gorge。　　Remark　that　this　pebble　bank　on　which　we　stand　reaches　some
  fifty　yards　downward：　　you　see　the　loose　stones　peeping　out
  everywhere。　　We　may　fairly　suppose　that　we　stand　on　a　dam　of　loose
  stones；　a　hundred　feet　deep。
  But　why　loose　stones？　…　and　if　so；　what　matter？　and　what　wonder？
  There　are　rocks　cropping　out　everywhere　down　the　hill…side。
  Because　if　you　will　take　up　one　of　these　stones　and　crack　it
  across；　you　will　see　that　it　is　not　of　the　same　stuff　as　those　said
  rocks。　　Step　into　the　next　field　and　see。　　That　rock　is　the　common
  Snowdon　slate；　which　we　see　everywhere。　　The　two　shoulders　of　down；
  right　and　left；　are　slate；　too；　you　can　see　that　at　a　glance。　　But
  the　stones　of　the　pebble　bank　are　a　close…grained；　yellow…spotted
  rock。　　They　are　Syenite；　and　（you　may　believe　me　or　not；　as　you
  will）　they　were　once　upon　a　time　in　the　condition　of　a　hasty
  pudding　heated　to　some　800　degrees　of　Fahrenheit；　and　in　that
  condition　shoved　their　way　up　somewhere　or　other　through　these
  slates。　　But　where？　whence　on　earth　did　these　Syenite　pebbles　come？
  Let　us　walk　round　to　the　cliff　on　the　opposite　side　and　see。　　It　is
  worth　while；　for　even　if　my　guess　be　wrong；　there　is　good　spinning
  with　a　brass　minnow　round　the　angles　of　the　rocks。
  Now　see。　　Between　the　cliff…foot　and　the　sloping　down　is　a　crack；
  ending　in　a　gully；　the　nearer　side　is　of　slate；　and　the　further
  side；　the　cliff　itself；　is　…　why；　the　whole　cliff　is　composed　of
  the　very　same　stone　as　the　pebble　ridge。
  Now；　my　good　friend；　how　did　these　pebbles　get　three　hundred　yards
  across　the　lake？　　Hundreds　of　tons；　some　of　them　three　feet　long：
  who　carried　them　across？　　The　old　Cymry　were　not　likely　to　amuse
  themselves　by　making　such　a　breakwater　up　here　in　No…man's…land；
  two　thousand　feet　above　the　sea：　　but　somebody　or　something　must
  have　carried　them；　for　stones　do　not　fly；　nor　swim　either。
  Shot　out　of　a　volcano？　　As　you　seem　determined　to　have　a　prodigy；
  it　may　as　well　be　a　sufficiently　huge　one。
  Well　…　these　stones　lie　altogether；　and　a　volcano　would　have　hardly
  made　so　compact　a　shot；　not　being　in　the　habit　of　using　Eley's　wire
  cartridges。　　Our　next　hope　of　a　solution　lies　in　John　Jones；　who
  carried　up　the　coracle。　　Hail　him；　and　ask　him　what　is　on　the　top
  of　that　cliff　。　。　。　So；　〃Plainshe　and　pogshe；　and　another　Llyn。〃
  Very　good。　　Now；　does　it　not　strike　you　that　this　whole　cliff　has　a
  remarkably　smooth　and　plastered　look；　like　a　hare's　run　up　an
  earthbank？　　And　do　you　not　see　that　it　is　polished　thus　only　over
  the　lake？　that　as　soon　as　the　cliff　abuts　on　the　downs　right　and
  left；　it　forms　pinnacles；　caves；　broken　angular　boulders？　　Syenite
  usually　does　so　in　our　damp　climate；　from　the　〃weathering〃　effect
  of　frost　and　rain：　　why　has　it　not　done　so　over　the　lake？　　On　that
  part　something　（giants　perhaps）　has　been　scrambling　up　or　down　on　a
  very　large　scale；　and　so　rubbed　off　every　corner　which　was　inclined
  to　come　away；　till　the　solid　core　of　the　rock　was　bared。　　And　may
  not　those　mysterious　giants　have　had　a　hand　in　carrying　the　stones
  across　the　lake？　。　。　。　Really；　I　am　not　altogether　jesting。　　Think
  a　while　what　agent　could　possibly　have　produced　either　one　or　both
  of　these　effects？
  There　is　but　one；　and　that；　if　you　have　been　an　Alpine　traveller　…
  much　more　if　you　have　been　a　Chamois　hunter　…　you　have　seen　many　a
  time　（whether　you　knew　it　or　not）　at　the　very　same　work。
  Ice？　　Yes；　ice；　Hrymir　the　frost…giant；　and　no　one　else。　　And　if
  you　will　look　at　the　facts；　you　will　see　how　ice　may　have　done　it。
  Our　friend　John　Jones's　report　of　plains　and　bogs　and　a　lake　above
  makes　it　quite　possible　that　in　the　〃Ice　age〃　（Glacial　Epoch；　as
  the　big…word…mongers　call　it）　there　was　above　that　cliff　a　great
  neve；　or　snowfield；　such　as　you　have　seen　often　in　the　Alps　at　the
  head　of　each　glacier。　　Over　the　face　of　this　cliff　a　glacier　has
  crawled　down　from　that　neve；　polishing　the　face　of　the　rock　in　its
  descent：　　but　the　snow；　having　no　large　and　deep　outlet；　has　not
  slid　down　in　a　sufficient　stream　to　reach　the　vale　below；　and　form
  a　glacier　of　the　first　order；　and　has　therefore　stopped　short　on
  the　other　side　of　the　lake；　as　a　glacier　of　the　second　order；　which
  ends　in　an　ice…cliff　hanging　hi