s　commanded　by　General　Bazaine。　　General　Grant　denied　the　right　of　the　President　to　order　him　on　a　diplomatic　mission　unattended　by　troops；　said　that　he　had　thought　the　matter　over；　world　disobey　the　order；　and　stand　the　consequences。　　He　manifested　much　feeling；　and　said　it　was　a　plot　to　get　rid　of　him。　　I　then　went　to　President　Johnson；　who　treated　me　with　great　cordiality；　and　said　that　he　was　very　glad　I　had　come；　that　General　Grant　was　about　to　go　to　Mexico　on　business　of　importance；　and　he　wanted　me　at　Washington　to　command　the　army　in　General　Grant's　absence。　　I　then　informed　him　that　General　Grant　would　not　go；　and　he　seemed　amazed；　said　that　it　was　generally　understood　that　General　Grant　construed　the　occupation　of　the　territories　of　our　neighbor；　Mexico；　by　French　troops；　and　the　establishment　of　an　empire　therein；　with　an　Austrian　prince　at　its　head；　as　hostile　to　republican　America；　and　that　the　Administration　had　arranged　with　the　French　Government　for　the　withdrawal　of　Bazaine's　troops；　which　would　leave　the　country　free　for　the　President…elect　Juarez　to　reoccupy　the　city　of　Mexico；　etc。；　etc。；　that　Mr。　Campbell　had　been　accredited　to　Juarez；　and　the　fact　that　he　was　accompanied　by　so　distinguished　a　soldier　as　General　Grant　would　emphasize　the　act　of　the　United　States。　　I　simply　reiterated　that　General　Grant　would　not　go；　and　that　he；　Mr。　Johnson；　could　not　afford　to　quarrel　with　him　at　that　time。　　I　further　argued　that　General　Grant　was　at　the　moment　engaged　on　the　most　delicate　and　difficult　task　of　reorganizing　the　army　under　the　act　of　July　28；　1866；　that　if　the　real　object　was　to　put　Mr。　Campbell　in　official　communication　with　President　Juarez；　supposed　to　be　at　El　Paso　or　Monterey；　either　General　Hancock；　whose　command　embraced　New　Mexico；　or　General　Sheridan；　whose　command　included　Texas；　could　fulfil　the　object　perfectly；　or；　in　the　event　of　neither　of　these　alternates　proving　satisfactory　to　the　Secretary　of　State；　that　I　could　be　easier　spared　than　General　Grant。　　〃Certainly；〃　answered　the　President；　〃if　you　will　go；　that　will　answer　perfectly。〃
  The　instructions　of　the　Secretary　of　State；　W。　H。　Seward；　to　Hon。　Lewis　D。　　Campbell；　Minister　to　Mexico；　dated　October　25；　1866；　a　letter　from　President　Johnson　to　Secretary　of　War　Stanton；　dated　October　26；　1866；　and　the　letter　of　Edwin　M。　　Stanton；　Secretary　of　War；　to　General　Grant；　dated　October　27th；　had　been　already　prepared　and　printed；　and　the　originals　or　copies　were　furnished　me；　but　on　the　30th　of　October；　1866；　the　following　letter　passed
  EXECUTIVE　MANSION
  WASHINGTON；　D。　C。；　October　30；1866。
  SIR：　General　Ulysses　S。　Grant　having　found　it　inconvenient　to　assume　the　duties　specified　in　my　letter　to　you　of　the　26th　inst。；　you　will　please　relieve　him；　and　assign　them　in　all　respects　to　William　T。　Sherman；　Lieutenant…General　of　the　Army　of　the　United　States。　　By　way　of　guiding　General　Sherman　in　the　performance　of　his　duties；　you　will　furnish　him　with　a　copy　of　your　special　orders　to　General　Grant　made　in　compliance　with　my　letter　of　the　26th　inst。；　together　with　a　copy　of　the　instructions　of　the　Secretary　of　State　to　Lewis　D。　Campbell；　Esq。；　therein　mentioned。
  The　lieutenant…general　will　proceed　to　the　execution　of　his　duties　without　delay。
  Very　respectfully　yours；
  ANDREW　JOHNSON　To　the　Hon。　EDWIN　M。　STANTON；　Secretary　of　War。
  At　the　Navy　Department　I　learned　that　the　United　States　ship　Susquehanna；　Captain　Alden；　was　fitting　out　in　New　York　for　the　use　of　this　mission；　and　that　there　would　be　time　for　me　to　return　to　St。　Louis　to　make　arrangements　for　a　prolonged　absence；　as　also　to　communicate　with　Mr。　Campbell；　who　was　still　at　his　home　in　Hamilton；　Ohio。　　By　correspondence　we　agreed　to　meet　in　New　York；　November　8th；　he　accompanied　by　Mr。　Plumb；　secretary　of　legation；　and　I　by　my　aide；　Colonel　Audenried。
  We　embarked　November　10th；　and　went　to　sea　next　day；　making　for　Havana　and　Vera　Cruz；　and；　as　soon　as　we　were　outside　of　Sandy　Hook；　I　explained　to　Captain　Alden　that　my　mission　was　ended；　because　I　believed　by　substituting　myself　for　General　Grant　I　had　prevented　a　serious　quarrel　between　him　and　the　Administration；　which　was　unnecessary。　　We　reached　Havana　on　the　18th；　with　nothing　to　vary　the　monotony　of　an　ordinary　sea…voyage；　except　off　Hatteras　we　picked　up　one　woman　and　twenty　men　from　open　boats；　who　had　just　abandoned　a　propeller　bound　from　Baltimore　to　Charleston　which　foundered。　　The　sea　was　very　rough；　but　by　the　personal　skill　and　supervision　of　Captain　Alden　every　soul　reached　our　deck　safely；　and　was　carried　to　our　consul　at　Havana。　　At　Havana　we　were　very　handsomely　entertained；　especially　by　Senor　Aldama；　who　took　us　by　rail　to　his　sugar…estates　at　Santa　Ross；　and　back　by　Matanzas。
  We　took　our　departure　thence　on　the　25th；　and　anchored　under　Isla　Verde；　off　Vera　Cruz；　on　the　29th。
  Everything　about　Vera　Cruz　indicated　the　purpose　of　the　French　to　withdraw；　and　also　that　the　Emperor　Maximilian　would　precede　them；　for　the　Austrian　frigate　Dandolo　was　in　port；　and　an　Austrian　bark；　on　which　were　received；　according　to　the　report　of　our　consul；　Mr。　Lane；　as　many　as　eleven　hundred　packages　of　private　furniture　to　be　transferred　to　Miramar；　Maximilian's　home；　and　Lieutenant　Clarin；　of　the　French　navy；　who　visited　the　Susquehanna　from　the　French　commodore；　Clouet；　told　me；　without　reserve；　that；　if　we　had　delayed　eight　days　more；　we　would　have　found　Maximilian　gone。　General　Bazaine　was　reported　to　be　in　the　city　of　Mexico　with　about　twenty…eight　thousand　French　troops；　but　instead　of　leaving　Mexico　in　three　detachments；　viz。；　November；　1866；　March；　1867；　and　November；　1867；　as　described　in　Mr。　Seward'a　letter　to　Mr。　Campbell；　of　October　25；　1866；　it　looked　to　me　that；　as　a　soldier；　he　would　evacuate　at　some　time　before　November；　1867；　all　at　once；　and　not　by　detachments。　　Lieutenant　Clarin　telegraphed　Bazaine　at　the　city　of　Mexico　the　fact　of　our　arrival；　and　he　sent　me　a　most　courteous　and　pressing　invitation　to　come　up　to　the　city；　but；　as　we　were　accredited　to　the　government　of　Juarez；　it　was　considered　undiplomatic　to　establish　friendly　relations　with　the　existing　authorities。　　Meantime　we　could　not　hear　a　word　of　Juarez；　and　concluded　to　search　for　him　along　the　coast　northward。　　（When　I　was　in　Versailles；　France；　July；　1872；　learning　that　General　Bazaine　was　in　arrest　for　the　surrender　of　his　army　and　post　at　Metz；　in　1870；　I　wanted　to　call　on　him　to　thank　him　for　his　courteous　invitation　to　me　at　Vera　Cruz　in　1866。　　I　inquired　of　President　Thiera　if　I　could　with　propriety　call　on　the　marshal。　　He　answered　that　it　would　be　very　acceptable；　no　doubt；　but　suggested　for　form's　sake　that　I　should　consult　the　Minister　of　War；　General　de　Cissey；　which　I　did；　and　he　promptly　assented。　　Accordingly；　I　called　with　my　aide；　Colonel　Audenried；　on　Marshal　Bazaine；　who　occupied　a　small；　two…story　stone　house　at　Versailles；　in　an　inclosure　with　a　high　garden　wall；　at　the　front　gate　or　door　of　which　was　a　lodge；　in　which　was　a　military　guard。　　We　were　shown　to　a　good　room　on　the　second　floor；　where　was　seated　the　marshal　in　military　half…dress；　with　large　head；　full　face；　short　neck；　and　evidently　a　man　of　strong　physique。　　He　did　not　speak　English；　but　spoke　Spanish　perfectly。　　We　managed　to　carry　on　a　conversation　in　which　I　endeavored　to　convey　my　sense　of　his　politeness　in　inviting　me　so　cordially　up　to　the　city　of　Mexico；　and　my　regret　that　the　peculiar　duty　on　which　I　was　engaged　did　not　admit　of　a　compliance；　or　even　of　an　intelligent　explanation；　at　the　time。　　He　spoke　of　the　whole　Mexican　business　as　a　〃sad　affair；〃　that　the　empire　necessarily　fell　with　the　result　of　our　civil　war；　and　that　poor　Maximilian　was　sacrificed　to　his　own　high　sense　of　honor。
  While　on　board　the　Susquehanna；　on　the　1st　day　of　December；　1866；　we　received　the　proclamation　made　by　the　Emperor　Maximilian　at　Orizaba；　in　which；　notwithstanding　the　near　withdrawal　of　the　French　troops；　he　declared　his　purpose　to　remain　and　〃shed　the　last　drop　of　his　blood　in　defense　of　his　dear　country。〃　　Undoubtedly　many　of　the　most　substantial　people　of　Mexico；　having　lost　all　faith　in　the　stability　of　the　native　government；　had　committed　themselves　to　what　they　considered　the　more　stable　government　of　Maximilian；　and　Maximilian；　a　man　of　honor；　concluded　at　the　last　moment　he　could　not　abandon　them；　the　consequence　was　his　death。
  Failing　to　hear　of　Juarez；　we　steamed　up　the　coast　to　the　Island　of　Lobos；　and　on　to　Tampico；　off　which　we　found　the　United　States　steamer　Paul　Jones；　which；　drawing　less　water　than　the　Susquehanna；　carried　us　over　the　bar　to　the　city；　then　in　possession　of　the　Liberal　party；　which　recognized　Juarez　as　their　constitutional　President；　but　of　Juarez　and　his　whereabout　we　could　hear　not　a　word；　so　we　continued　up　the　coast　and　anchored　off　Brazos　Santiago；　December　7th。　　Going　ashore　in　small　boats；　we　found　a　railroad；　under　the　management　of　General　J。　R。　West；　now　one　of　the　commissioners　of　the　city　of　Washington；　who　sent　us　up　to　Brownsville；　Texas。　　We　met　on　the　way　General　Sheridan；　returning　from　a　tour　of　inspection　of　the　Rio　Grande　frontier。　　On　Sunday；　December　9th；　we　were　all　at　Matamoras；　Mexico；　where　we　met　General